Safety and efficacy of cathodal transcranial direct current stimulation in patients with Lennox Gastaut Syndrome: An open-label, prospective, single-center, single-blinded, pilot study.

Purpose: Lennox-Gastaut Syndrome (SLG) is a severe form of childhood refractory epilepsy. Only one pilot study has been conducted using cathodal transcranial direct current stimulation (c-tDCs; 2mAx30minx5days) in LGS with promising results (-99% seizure reduction at 5 days). Our aim was to explore and replicate the efficacy and safety of 10 daily sessions of c-tDCs in SLG.

Epilepsy diagnosis based on one unprovoked seizure and ≥60% risk. A systematic review of the etiologies.

Background: According to the International League Against Epilepsy (ILAE) criteria, epilepsy can be diagnosed after one unprovoked (or reflex) seizure when there is a ≥60% of seizure recurrence in the next decade. The application of this diagnostic criterion, however, is challenging because the risk of recurrence based on different etiologies is not easily retrievable from the literature.

Objective: To assess etiologies that permit a diagnosis of epilepsy after a single unprovoked seizure.