Antithyroid Antibodies and Reproductive Parameters of Women with Hashimoto's Thyroiditis.

Objectives/introduction: To evaluate the presence and concentration of antithyroid peroxidase (TPOAb) and antithyroglobulin (TGAb) antibodies at the onset of Hashimoto's Thyroiditis (HT) and their association with disease characteristics and reproductive parameters before and after diagnosis.

Methods: This is a cross-sectional study with 65 women with HT followed in an outpatient clinic. The data was collected by interviews and review of medical records.

Legal abortion requests and outcomes for women when the law is restrictive - experience from a referral centre in south-eastern Brazil.

Methods: Retrospective cohort study with review of medical records of women assisted between 2015 and 2020. The variables were socio-demographic and SV characteristics, gestational age, reactions towards pregnancy and outcome. We compared outcome groups using the chi-square test, Fisher's exact test and the Kruskal-Wallis test.

Adolescent Female Victims of Sexual Violence: Analysis of Loss of Follow-up after Emergency Care and Outpatient Follow-up.

Objective:  To assess the loss to follow-up after emergency care and during 6-months of outpatient follow-up, and the associated variables, among adolescent sexual violence survivors.

Methods:  This is a retrospective study with review of the medical records of 521 females, aged 10 to 18 years, who received emergency care in a referral service in São Paulo, Brazil. The variables were sociodemographic; personal history; characteristics of abuse, disclosure, and reactions triggered after abuse (physical and mental disorders as well as social changes), psychotropic prescription needs, and moment of abandonment: after emergency care and before completing 6 months of outpatient follow-up.

Hippocampal Microglia Activation Induced by Acute Pancreatic Injury in Rats.

Background: Acute pancreatitis is an inflammation of the pancreatic glandular parenchyma that causes injury with or without the destruction of pancreatic acini. Clinical and experimental evidence suggest that certain systemic proinflammatory mediators may be responsible for initiating the fundamental mechanisms involved in microglial reactivity. Here, we investigated the possible repercussions of acute pancreatitis (AP) on the production of inflammatory mediators in the brain parenchyma focusing on microglial activation in the hippocampus.

Sexual Violence Suffered by Women in Early and Late Adolescence: Care Provided and Follow-Up.

Objective:  To compare the sexual violence suffered by women in early and late adolescence, the reactions triggered after the aggression, and the care provided.

Methods:  A retrospective study in which we reviewed the medical records of 521 female adolescents treated by a multidisciplinary team at a reference hospital in the city of Campinas, state of São Paulo, Brazil. We analyzed sociodemographic variables, and those pertainin to the characteristics of the episodes of violence, the emergency care, and the physical and psychological reactions observed during the follow-up.

Female body mass index and the selection of a long-acting reversible contraception for the first time.

Objective: To evaluate Brazilian women with different body mass index (BMI, calculated as weight in kilograms divided by the square of height in meters) values who were switching from a short-acting reversible contraceptive (SARC) to a long-acting reversible contraceptive (LARC) method in relationship to the reasons reported for switching and the LARC method chosen.

Method: We analyzed retrospective data from 1508 women aged 18-49 years who chose a LARC for the first time. The variables were sociodemographic, BMI, SARC in use, the reason given for switching, the chosen LARC (copper intrauterine device, levonorgestrel (52 mg) intrauterine system or ethyl norgestrel implant), and expectations of the LARC.

Care to female adolescents victims of sexual violence at a referral service in Brazil from 2011 to 2018.

Objective: To evaluate the characteristics of aggression, care, and follow-up of sexual violence in adolescent women at a university service in Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil.

Methods: In a retrospective cohort study from 2011 to 2018, we assessed sociodemographic characteristics, type and form of sexual violence perpetration, background and perception of the victim about violence, and characteristics of care and social/legal support during follow-up.

Results: Of 521 adolescents 242 (46.

Influence of a High-fat Diet in the Progression of Apical Periodontitis.

Introduction: This study evaluated the effects of a high-fat diet (HFD) on the progression of apical periodontitis (AP) in rats.

Methods: Eight-week old Wistar rats (N = 24) were included in this study. Half of the animals received an HFD and the other half a control diet (CD).

Role of Neuropeptide S on Behavioural and Neurochemical Changes of an Animal Model of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder.

Neuropeptide S (NPS) is a recently discovered peptide signalling through its receptor NPSR, which is expressed throughout the brain. Since NPSR activation increases dopaminergic transmission, we now tested if NPSR modulates behavioural and neurochemical alterations displayed by an animal model of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), Spontaneous Hypertensive Rats (SHR), compared to its control strain, Wistar Kyoto rats (WKY). NPS (0.

Safety and bleeding patterns of the levonorgestrel 52-mg intrauterine system among women with thrombosis or coagulopathy.

Objective: To assess the safety of the levonorgestrel 52-mg intrauterine system (LNG-IUS) in women with a history of thrombosis or coagulopathy and to evaluate bleeding patterns.

Methods: A retrospective chart review was conducted of 117 women attending a clinic between 2007 and 2019. Their sociodemographic characteristics, hematologic status, reasons for using LNG-IUS, duration of use, use of oral anticoagulants, complications, and bleeding patterns were analyzed.

Consecutive Use of the 52 mg Levonorgestrel-releasing Intrauterine System: Variations in Bleeding Patterns.

Objective:  Changes in bleeding patterns could influence the decisions of healthcare professionals to change the levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system (LNG-IUS) before 7 years of use, the recommended period of extended use. We evaluated changes in the bleeding patterns of users of the 52 mg LNG-IUS at the end of use of the first (IUS-1) and during the second device (IUS-2) use.

Methods:  We performed an audit of the medical records of all women who used two consecutive LNG-IUSs at the Family Planning clinic.

Long-acting reversible contraceptive (LARCs) methods.

Unplanned pregnancy (UP) is a public health problem, which affects millions of women worldwide. Providing long-acting reversible contraceptive (LARC) methods is an excellent strategy to avoid or at least reduce UP, because the effectiveness of these methods is higher than other methods, and is indeed comparable to that of permanent contraception. As the initial introduction of the inert plastic intrauterine device (IUD) and of the six-rod implant, pharmaceutical companies have introduced a copper IUD (Cu-IUD), different models of levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system (LNG IUS), and one and two-rod implants, which certainly improved women's LARC options.

Lack of Influence of Thyroid Hormone on Bone Mineral Density and Body Composition in Healthy Euthyroid Women.

The objective of this study was to evaluate whether evolution of bone mineral density (BMD) is associated with the thyroid hormone profile in a cohort of euthyroid women with no other known diseases within 1 year. This was a prospective cohort study conducted at the University of Campinas, Brazil. We used a database with 52 women aged 20-39 who were followed for 1 year in a family planning outpatient clinic.

Changes in calcium metabolism and bone mineral density in new users of medroxyprogesterone acetate during the first year of use.

Objective: To evaluate calcium metabolism and bone mineral density (BMD) in new users of depot medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA) in the first year of use.

Methods: This prospective, non-randomized study, conducted at the University of Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil, was carried out between February 2011 and February 2013. Women aged from 18 to 40 with a body mass index (BMI, calculated as weight in kilograms divided by the square of height in meters) <30 and with no known history of disease or medication use who chose to use DMPA were paired by age (±1 year) and BMI (±1) with women commencing the use of a copper intrauterine device (IUD).

Type 1 diabetes mellitus associated or not with primary hypothyroidism and women's fertility.

The aim of this study is to evaluate the prevalence of infertility and other reproductive parameters in women with type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM1) with and without primary hypothyroidism (PH). This is a cross-sectional study conducted at Division of Endocrinology. We evaluated 110 female, aged over 18 years, 79 had DM1 and 31 had DM1 plus PH.

Disease activity and thromboembolic events in women with systemic lupus erythematosus with and without anti-phospholipid syndrome: users of the 52-mg levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system.

Purpose: The disease status and thromboembolic events in women with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), with and without anti-phospholipid syndrome (APS), were evaluated before and after placement of the 52-mg levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system (LNG-IUS).

Methods: A retrospective cohort study, with review of medical records of SLE women, who received an LNG-IUS placement between January 2007 and December 2016, carried out at the University of Campinas Medical School, Brazil. The outcomes included the disease activity (SLEDAI-2K) and damage index scores (SLICC/ACR-DI) presented for each year of device use, as well as venous/arterial thrombotic events, insertion up to a median of 5 years.

Sexual Function and Quality of Life in a Cohort of Brazilian Users of Two Kind of Intrauterine Contraceptives.

Objective:  To compare sexual function and quality of life (QOL) among intrauterine contraceptive (copper-intrauterine device [Cu-IUD] or the 52-mg 20 µg/day levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system [LNG-IUS]) users.

Methods:  This was part of a cross-sectional study. Women aged between 18 and 49 years old, in a heterosexual relationship, reporting sexual intercourse in the previous 4 weeks, using Cu-IUD (Group 1) or LNG-IUS (Group 2) responded to a questionnaire with sociodemographic information, to the Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI), to the World Health Organization QOL Questionnaire Abbreviated Version (WHOQOL-BREF), and to a questionnaire about the contraceptive method used.

Follow-up visits to check strings after intrauterine contraceptive placement cannot predict or prevent future expulsion.

Objectives: In some settings women are advised to return to the clinic after intrauterine contraceptive (IUC) placement, for a follow-up visit to check the strings and identify any expulsions. Our objective was to evaluate whether the number of follow-up visits to check the strings at the external cervical os after IUC placement predicts or prevents future expulsions.

Methods: This was a retrospective study conducted at the University of Campinas Medical School, Brazil.

Thyroid function during the first year of use of the injectable contraceptive depot medroxyprogesterone acetate.

Purpose: The aim of the study was to evaluate thyroid function profile as a possible factor influencing weight and body composition variation in new users of depot medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA).

Materials And Methods: A prospective, non-randomised, comparative study was conducted at the University of Campinas, Brazil. Women aged 18-40 years with a body mass index (BMI) less than 30 kg/m, normal oral glucose tolerance test, no known diseases, and using no medication, who opted to use DMPA were paired by age (±1 year) and BMI (±1 kg/m) with women initiating copper intrauterine device (IUD) use.

A case series on the use of levonorgestrel 52 mg intrauterine system after organ transplant.

Objective: To assess the clinical performance (pregnancy and occurrence of pelvic infection) of the levonorgestrel 52-mg intrauterine system (LNG IUS) in solid organ transplant recipients.

Study Design: We performed a retrospective chart review of all patients seen in the Family Planning Clinic at the University of Campinas Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology from 2007 to 2017 to identify women with solid organ transplantation using immunosuppression who received an LNG IUS. Our routine clinical practice for such patients is to perform initial follow-up 40-60 days after placement and then every 12 months.

Subclinical cardiovascular disease parameters after one year in new users of depot medroxyprogesterone acetate compared to copper-IUD.

Purpose: To evaluate markers of cardiovascular disease in women with normal insulin sensitivity who had recently initiated use of depot medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA) as a contraceptive.

Materials And Methods: A prospective, non-randomised, comparative study. Data of 30 women of 18-40 years of age, with normal hyperinsulinaemic-euglycaemic clamp at baseline and body mass index (BMI) < 30, who opted to use DMPA or a copper intrauterine device (IUD) as a contraceptive, were analysed.

Hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp over the first year of use of depot-medroxyprogesterone acetate as a contraceptive.

Objective: The literature lacks data on the use of the gold-standard hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp (HEC) technique for the evaluation of insulin resistance (IR) in depot-medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA) users. This study assessed carbohydrate metabolism in non-obese users of DMPA using the HEC technique.

Study Design: A prospective, non-randomized, comparative study conducted at the Family Planning Clinic/Metabolic Unit, University of Campinas, Brazil.

Stagnant contraceptive sales after the Zika epidemic in Brazil.

Objectives: Our aim was to assess national hormonal and non-hormonal contraceptive sales in Brazil after the Zika virus outbreak.

Methods: Pharmaceutical companies based in Brazil provided data on monthly sales from September 2016 to June 2017. Data from both the public and private sectors were obtained about sales of registered, available modern contraceptive methods: combined oral contraceptive pill; progestin-only pill; vaginal and transdermal contraceptives; injectable contraceptives; long-acting reversible contraceptive (LARC) methods, including the copper-releasing intrauterine device, the levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system and the etonogestrel-releasing subdermal implant; and emergency contraceptive pills.

Neuro-glial cannabinoid receptors modulate signaling in the embryonic avian retina.

Endocannabinoids are endogenous lipids that activate selective G protein coupled receptors (CB and CB), mostly found at neuronal presynaptic sites in the nervous system. One of the main consequences of the activation of CB receptors is a decrease in GABA or glutamate release, controlling cell excitability. Here we studied the expression of CB and CB receptors in E8C8 cultured retina cells (embryonic day 8 and 8 days in vitro) using immunocytochemistry and western blot analysis.

Reduced insulin sensitivity in differentiated thyroid cancer patients with suppressed TSH.

Objective: TSH-suppression is a therapy for thyroid cancer management, but it may lead to adverse effects, which should be balanced with its benefits. Previous studies evaluating the consequences of TSH suppression on insulin sensitivity have only been done with indirect techniques, and results were controversial. Therefore, we aimed to assess insulin sensitivity in patients with thyroid cancer and suppressed thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) with the most appropriate direct method (hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp) in order to get a more conclusive response about the topic.