Developmental effects of multiple looks in speech sound discrimination.

Purpose: The change/no-change procedure (J. E. Sussman & A.

Effects of elicitation task variables on speech production by children with cochlear implants.

Given the interest in comparing speech production development in children with normal hearing and hearing impairment, it is important to evaluate how variables within speech elicitation tasks can differentially affect the acoustics of speech production for these groups. In a first experiment, children (6-14 years old) with cochlear implants produced a set of monosyllabic words either in isolation or while simultaneously signing the word. Acoustical analyses indicated no change in word duration, voice onset time, intensity, or fundamental frequency between isolated and simultaneous signing conditions.

Multiple looks in speech sound discrimination in adults.

N. F. Viemeister and G.

Speech and voice physiology of children who are hard of hearing.

Objective: The purpose of this investigation was to examine the nature and frequency of deviant speech and voice physiology in children who are hard of hearing (HH).

Design: Ten HH children (age, 5 to 15 yrs) participated. Their hearing losses ranged in severity from moderate to severe.

Relations among linguistic and cognitive skills and spoken word recognition in adults with cochlear implants.

This study examined spoken word recognition in adults with cochlear implants (CIs) to determine the extent to which linguistic and cognitive abilities predict variability in speech-perception performance. Both a traditional consonant-vowel-consonant (CVC)-repetition measure and a gated-word recognition measure (F. Grosjean, 1996) were used.

Longitudinal changes in children's speech and voice physiology after cochlear implantation.

Objectives: The purposes of this investigation were 1) to describe speech/voice physiological characteristics of prelingually deafened children before and after cochlear implantation and determine whether they fall into a range that would be considered deviant, 2) to determine whether selected deviant articulatory and phonatory behaviors of children with cochlear implants persist despite long-term cochlear implant use and continued participation in aural rehabilitation services, and 3) to determine whether further development of deviant articulatory and phonatory behaviors occurs postimplantation.

Design: Seven prelingually deafened children who received cochlear implants after 5 yr of age were followed from shortly before implantation until 5 to 6 yr postimplantation. These children received their early education in a Total Communication environment and used the Nucleus 22-electrode cochlear implant.

Understanding speech in modulated interference: cochlear implant users and normal-hearing listeners.

Many competing noises in real environments are modulated or fluctuating in level. Listeners with normal hearing are able to take advantage of temporal gaps in fluctuating maskers. Listeners with sensorineural hearing loss show less benefit from modulated maskers.

Auditory-visual speech perception and aging.

Objective: This experiment was designed to assess the integration of auditory and visual information for speech perception in older adults. The integration of place and voicing information was assessed across modalities using the McGurk effect. The following questions were addressed: 1) Are older adults as successful as younger adults at integrating auditory and visual information for speech perception? 2) Is successful integration of this information related to lipreading performance?

Design: The performance of three groups of participants was compared: young adults with normal hearing and vision, older adults with normal to near-normal hearing and vision, and young controls, whose hearing thresholds were shifted with noise to match the older adults.