Sphenoid sinus mucocele penetrating to the orbit, anterior and middle cranial fossae and parapharyngeal space: a case report.

Mucocele, though is a common lesion, rarely penetrates to the surrounding intra- and extracranial spaces. We describe the case of 45-year-old male with 2 years history of a chronic left nasal obstruction and a concentric visual field deficit in the left eye as the only manifestations. Diagnostic CT and MRI imaging revealed a mucocele originating from the posterior ethmoid and sphenoid sinuses and penetrating intracranially to the anterior and middle cranial fossae and extracranially to the pterygopalatine fossa and the parapharyngeal space.

[Vestibular function in cochlear implant candidates].

Introduction: The main problem of a deaf patient is per se communication process. Some of the patients, who are candidates to cochlear implantation report vertigo or imbalance in some everyday situations. The relation of patients' complaints to vestibular loss was evaluated.

[Bilateral neck tumor as the clinical manifestation of neurofibromatosis type I (NF I)].

A case of the 17-years old girl with bilateral tumors of the neck due to neurofibromatosis type I has been described. Patient has been unsuccessfully treated conservatively for over two years prior to the admission to our department. The principles of diagnostics and surgical treatment of the patients with neurofibromatosis type I have been presented.

The topographical anatomy of the round window and related structures for the purpose of cochlear implant surgery.

The treatment of total deafness using a cochlear implant has now become a routine medical procedure. The tendency to expand the audiological indications for cochlear stimulation and to preserve the remnants of hearing has brought new problems. The authors have studied the topographical anatomy of the internal structures of the ear in the area where cochleostomy is usually performed and an implant electrode inserted.