Publications by authors named "Arjun Ramesh"

Article Synopsis
  • Necrotizing fasciitis (NF) is a serious infection that needs quick diagnosis and treatment; the LRINEC score helps assess patient risk levels early on.
  • A study in Chennai involving 112 NF patients found that 51.8% were at low risk, with significant links between higher LRINEC scores and worsening lab results, diabetes, and vascular disease.
  • With proper treatment, 83.9% of patients improved with conservative methods, while complications like delayed healing occurred in some cases, highlighting the importance of the LRINEC score in clinical decision-making.
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Lumbar hernias, a rare form of abdominal wall hernia, typically present with subtle, gradually enlarging masses in the lumbar region, often overlooked due to their rarity. This case report details a 38-year-old male farmer who experienced a 10-month history of a slowly enlarging, non-tender swelling in the left loin area, which became more prominent during the Valsalva maneuver. Despite having no significant medical history or prior trauma, a CT scan revealed a 2 cm defect in the superior lumbar triangle, with herniation of perinephric fat, confirming the diagnosis of a superior lumbar hernia.

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Purpose/objectives: Loupe magnification is a commonly utilized tool within dental education due to its proposed benefits of improving working posture, visual acuity, and procedural quality. Although procedural quality has been researched at the graduate level, literature encompassing the undergraduate level remains scarce. Therefore, this systematic review aims to critically assess the available literature to ascertain the effects of loupe magnification on the performance of undergraduate dental students' cavity preparations.

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Background: Increasing numbers of laparoscopic bariatric surgeries are being performed and enhanced recovery from anesthesia and surgery (ERAS) protocols have been implemented to optimize care for these patients. We evaluated the effects of an anesthesiologist placed preoperative transversus abdominis plane block (TAP) as part of a bariatric surgery ERAS protocol. We hypothesized that an anesthesiologist placed preoperative TAP added to an ERAS protocol following laparoscopic bariatric surgery would reduce total opioid consumption.

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Functional neurosurgery techniques remain integral to the neurosurgical treatment armamentarium but data on global implementation remains scarce. In comparison to high-income countries (HIC), low- and middle-income countries (LMIC) suffer from an increased prevalence of diseases like epilepsy, which may be amenable to functional techniques, and therefore, LMIC may benefit from an increased utilization of these treatment modalities. However, functional techniques tend to be expensive and thus difficult to implement in the LMIC setting.

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Virchow-Robin spaces (VRS) are ubiquitous and commonly observed as the resolution of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) continues to improve. The function of VRS and the etiology of their dilation is still a subject of research. Diagnosing dilated VRS (dVRS) can be challenging because they may appear similar to other pathologies such as cystic neoplasms, infectious cysts, and even arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) on certain MRI pulse sequences.

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OBJECTIVE Recent advancements in molecular biology have identified the BRAF mutation as a common mutation in melanoma. The wide use of BRAF kinase inhibitor ( BRAFi) in patients with metastatic melanoma has been established. The objective of this study was to examine the impact of BRAF mutation status and use of BRAFi in conjunction with stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS).

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Neoplasms of the brain are often overlooked in resource-limited countries. Our literature search via AJOL and PubMed demonstrated that brain tumor research is still a rarity in these regions. We highlight the current status, importance, challenges, and methods of improving brain tumor research in West Africa.

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Introduction: For patient with a recurrent or residual acromegaly or Cushing's disease (CD) after resection, gamma knife radiosurgery (GKRS) is often used. Hypopituitarism is the most common adverse effect after GKRS treatment. The paucity of studies with long-term follow-up has hampered understanding of the latent risks of hypopituitarism in patients with acromegaly or CD.

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Objective: We present a patient with unilateral sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL) who was found to have a vascular loop in the ipsilateral internal auditory canal (IAC), and we review the literature regarding this association. Underlying pathophysiologic factors surrounding microvascular compression of the vestibulocochlear nerve are poorly understood and make treatment recommendations, especially the option of microvascular decompression, difficult if not controversial. The current report represents an attempt to understand this clinical entity as discussed in the current literature.

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Resection is the traditional treatment for common intracranial pathologies including brain metastases, arteriovenous malformations (AVM), and acoustic neuromas. However, more recently Gamma Knife radiosurgery (GKRS; Elekta AB, Stockholm, Sweden) has emerged as an effective, alternative treatment modality. There are limited data investigating the cost effectiveness of these two treatment modalities.

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Type 1 diabetes mellitus is an autoimmune disease that is characterized by the destruction of the islets of Langerhans cells which produce insulin. The current gold standard treatment is exogenous insulin injection, but this is onerous for the patients, and can lead to severe complications. Another approach involves transplanting pancreatic islet cells in order to restore endogenous insulin production under physiologic regulation.

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