Clinical and microbiological profile of Viridans group streptococcal bacteraemia; experience from South India.

Background: Viridans Group Streptococci (VGS) are a group of distinct species that can cause bacteraemia and other invasive infections. They are also among the common organisms causing infective endocarditis. Data on the epidemiology and clinical profile of VGS is limited, especially from India.

Examining the impact of a 9-component bundle and the INICC multidimensional approach on catheter-associated urinary tract infection rates in 32 countries across Asia, Eastern Europe, Latin America, and the Middle East.

Background: Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infections (CAUTIs) frequently occur in the intensive care unit (ICU) and are correlated with a significant burden.

Methods: We implemented a strategy involving a 9-element bundle, education, surveillance of CAUTI rates and clinical outcomes, monitoring compliance with bundle components, feedback of CAUTI rates and performance feedback. This was executed in 299 ICUs across 32 low- and middle-income countries.

Incidence and risk factors for catheter-associated urinary tract infection in 623 intensive care units throughout 37 Asian, African, Eastern European, Latin American, and Middle Eastern nations: A multinational prospective research of INICC.

Objective: To identify urinary catheter (UC)-associated urinary tract infection (CAUTI) incidence and risk factors.

Design: A prospective cohort study.

Setting: The study was conducted across 623 ICUs of 224 hospitals in 114 cities in 37 African, Asian, Eastern European, Latin American, and Middle Eastern countries.

Assessing the impact of a multidimensional approach and an 8-component bundle in reducing incidences of ventilator-associated pneumonia across 35 countries in Latin America, Asia, the Middle East, and Eastern Europe.

Background: Ventilator associated pneumonia (VAP) occurring in the intensive care unit (ICU) are common, costly, and potentially lethal.

Methods: We implemented a multidimensional approach and an 8-component bundle in 374 ICUs across 35 low and middle-income countries (LMICs) from Latin-America, Asia, Eastern-Europe, and the Middle-East, to reduce VAP rates in ICUs. The VAP rate per 1000 mechanical ventilator (MV)-days was measured at baseline and during intervention at the 2nd month, 3rd month, 4-15 month, 16-27 month, and 28-39 month periods.

An international prospective study of INICC analyzing the incidence and risk factors for catheter-associated urinary tract infections in 235 ICUs across 8 Asian Countries.

Background: Identify urinary catheter (UC)-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTI) incidence and risk factors (RF) in 235 ICUs in 8 Asian countries: India, Malaysia, Mongolia, Nepal, Pakistan, the Philippines, Thailand, and Vietnam.

Methods: From January 1, 2014, to February 12, 2022, we conducted a prospective cohort study. To estimate CAUTI incidence, the number of UC days was the denominator, and CAUTI was the numerator.

Peripherally Inserted Central Catheters-associated blood stream infections-occurrence, risk factors, and pathogens, a single center study.

Background: Peripherally inserted central catheters (PICCs) are central venous catheters inserted peripherally but terminate in great vessels. PICCs are widely used for patients requiring long-term intravenous therapy in both in-patient and out-patient settings.

Aim: This study was carried out to understand PICC-related complications, specifically infections and causal pathogens, in a tertiary care hospital in Kerala, South India.

Multinational prospective study of incidence and risk factors for central-line-associated bloodstream infections in 728 intensive care units of 41 Asian, African, Eastern European, Latin American, and Middle Eastern countries over 24 years.

Objective: To identify central-line (CL)-associated bloodstream infection (CLABSI) incidence and risk factors in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs).

Design: From July 1, 1998, to February 12, 2022, we conducted a multinational multicenter prospective cohort study using online standardized surveillance system and unified forms.

Setting: The study included 728 ICUs of 286 hospitals in 147 cities in 41 African, Asian, Eastern European, Latin American, and Middle Eastern countries.

Impact of Adding Rapid Polymerase Chain Reaction-based Blood Culture Identification Panel to Antimicrobial Stewardship Program: Initial Experience.

Arjun R, Niyas VKM, John KE, Nair A, Hussain F. Impact of Adding Rapid Polymerase Chain Reaction-based Blood Culture Identification Panel to Antimicrobial Stewardship Program: Initial Experience. Indian J Crit Care Med 2022;26(10):1155-1157.

Diagnostic yield of CBNAAT in the diagnosis of extrapulmonary tuberculosis: A prospective observational study.

Background: Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis (EPTB) accounts for 15%-53% of all TB cases. In recent years, cartridge-based nucleic acid amplification test (CBNAAT) has emerged as an important diagnostic tool since the diagnostic yield is higher. We conducted this study to evaluate the diagnostic yield of CBNAAT in EPTB.

Multinational prospective cohort study over 18 years of the risk factors for ventilator-associated pneumonia in 9 Asian countries: INICC findings.

Background: Ventilator associated pneumonia (VAP) rates in Asia are several times above those of US. The objective of this study is to identify VAP risk factors.

Methods: We conducted a prospective cohort study, between March 27, 2004 and November 2, 2022, in 279 ICUs of 95 hospitals in 44 cities in 9 Asian countries (China, India, Malaysia, Mongolia, Nepal, Pakistan, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Vietnam).

Prevalence of Group B Streptococcus in pregnant women in Kerala and relation to neonatal outcomes: a prospective cross-sectional study.

Background And Objectives: Early onset sepsis (EOS) in neonates is a scourge that contributes to morbidity and mortality. Prominent stakeholders recommend universal screening of antenatal women for Group B Streptococcus (GBS) and intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis (IAP) for those who are carriers. However, there are controversies.

Risk factors for mortality over 18 years in 317 ICUs in 9 Asian countries: The impact of healthcare-associated infections.

Objective: To identify risk factors for mortality in intensive care units (ICUs) in Asia.

Design: Prospective cohort study.

Setting: The study included 317 ICUs of 96 hospitals in 44 cities in 9 countries of Asia: China, India, Malaysia, Mongolia, Nepal, Pakistan, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Thailand, and Vietnam.

Group A Streptococcal Bacteremia: Ten Years' Experience from a Tertiary Care Center in South India.

Background: Bacteremia is an uncommon complication of group A streptococcal (GAS) infections. The data on GAS bacteremia is scarce from developing nations such as India.

Patients And Methods: We performed a retrospective analysis of patients diagnosed with GAS bacteremia in a tertiary care hospital in Kerala, India over a 10-year period (2012-2021) by review of the electronic medical records (EMRs).

Duodenal obstruction due to in a patient with HTLV-1 infection.

is a nematode helminth endemic to tropical and subtropical regions. Strongyloidiasis can manifest with varied clinical symptoms, predominantly gastrointestinal. Duodenal obstruction is an uncommon manifestation.

Zika a Vector Borne Disease Detected in Newer States of India Amidst the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Background: During the second wave of the COVID-19 pandemic, outbreaks of Zika were reported from Kerala, Uttar Pradesh, and Maharashtra, India in 2021. The Dengue and Chikungunya negative samples were retrospectively screened to determine the presence of the Zika virus from different geographical regions of India.

Methods: During May to October 2021, the clinical samples of 1475 patients, across 13 states and a union territory of India were screened and re-tested for Dengue, Chikungunya and Zika by CDC Trioplex Real time RT-PCR.