Publications by authors named "Arjun Ghosh"

Introduction: Chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR-T) therapy is highly effective in B-cell blood cancers, but there is limited data on its safety and efficacy in intra-cardiac lymphoma, due to the potential risks of cardiotoxicity and pseudo-progression.

Discussion: We discuss four high-risk cases that were managed with a multi-disciplinary approach, including baseline cardiac risk assessment and surveillance with multimodal cardiac imaging and serum cardiac biomarkers, elective supportive care in the intensive care unit, and early treatment of cytokine release syndrome.

Conclusion: CAR-T therapy can be effective and safe in the treatment of B-cell blood cancers with intra-cardiac disease.

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Patients with cancer are at increased risk of ischemic heart disease (IHD). The increased risk of IHD in these patients is due to the interaction of shared risk factors, cancer type and stage, and immuno/chemotherapy and radiotherapy regimens. Management of IHD in cancer patients is challenging, due to atypical presentation, increased thrombotic and bleeding risk, and worse outcomes compared to patients without cancer.

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Purpose: Epidemiological studies on amoebic infections are complicated due to morphologically identical and clinically important Entamoeba species. Therefore, newer, simpler, and more economical diagnostic techniques are required for differentiating clinically important Entamoeba species.

Methods: We developed a single-round multiplex PCR assay to identify E.

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Background And Aims: Excess adiposity is associated with poorer cardiac function and adverse left ventricular (LV) remodelling. However, its importance over the adult life course on future cardiac structure and systolic and diastolic function is unknown.

Methods: A total of 1690 participants in the National Survey of Health and Development birth cohort underwent repeated adiposity [body mass index (BMI)/waist-to-hip ratio (WHR)] measurements over adulthood and investigation, including echocardiography at age 60-64 years.

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Article Synopsis
  • The study focuses on developing and validating an open machine-learning method for calculating Global Longitudinal Strain (GLS), which is deemed more reliable than traditional measures like ejection fraction.
  • Using a neural network trained on over 6,800 echocardiogram images, researchers were able to accurately identify key cardiac landmarks and compute GLS values.
  • The open-source methodology demonstrated comparable accuracy to expert measurements and proprietary solutions, with data and resources available freely online for further research.
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Background: Cardiovascular disease and cancer share a common risk factor: chronic stress/allostatic load (AL). A 1-point increase in AL is linked to up to a 30% higher risk of major cardiac events (MACE) in patients with prostate cancer. However, AL's role in MACE in breast cancer, lung cancer, or colorectal cancer remains unknown.

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Cancer and acute coronary syndrome (ACS) are the leading causes of morbidity and mortality globally, with many shared risk factors. There are several challenges to the management of patients with cancer presenting with ACS, owing to their higher baseline risk profile, the complexities of their cancer-related therapies and prognosis, and their higher risk of adverse outcomes after ACS. Although previous studies have demonstrated disparities in the care of both cancer and ACS among patients from ethnic minorities and socioeconomic deprivation, there is limited evidence around the magnitude of such disparities specifically in cancer patients presenting with ACS.

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As cancer therapies increase in effectiveness and patients' life expectancies improve, balancing oncologic efficacy while reducing acute and long-term cardiovascular toxicities has become of paramount importance. To address this pressing need, the Cardiology Oncology Innovation Network (COIN) was formed to bring together domain experts with the overarching goal of collaboratively investigating, applying, and educating widely on various forms of innovation to improve the quality of life and cardiovascular healthcare of patients undergoing and surviving cancer therapies. The COIN mission pillars of innovation, collaboration, and education have been implemented with cross-collaboration among academic institutions, private and public establishments, and industry and technology companies.

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Article Synopsis
  • A study was conducted to analyze heart failure (HF) readmission rates in cancer patients who had acute myocardial infarction (AMI), using data from a national database covering 2005-2019.
  • Among 326,551 STEMI patients, 7,090 were actively dealing with cancer, showing lower rates of specialized cardiac care and medication prescriptions compared to non-cancer patients.
  • Despite higher initial HF readmission rates (3.2% at 30 days and 9.4% at 1 year), cancer was not a significant independent factor affecting readmission after adjusting for other variables.
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Background: Myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs) are a group of disorders of clonal haemopoiesis associated with an inherent risk of arterial and venous thrombotic complications. The prevalence of thrombotic complications and the impact of cardiovascular risk factors (CVRFs) in contemporary patient cohorts within the current era of MPN treatments have not been completely defined.

Objectives: We aim to characterise the cardiovascular risk of patients with MPN by identifying the prevalence of CVRFs and describing the pattern of thrombotic events.

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Article Synopsis
  • Global collaboration is essential in cardio-oncology to study cardiovascular toxicity from cancer treatments across various demographics and settings, as socioeconomic and racial/ethnic disparities affect care access and outcomes.
  • The Global Cardio-Oncology Registry was created with input from cardiologists and oncologists from both academic and community practices, utilizing an online platform to gather data from international sites.
  • The registry received responses from 119 sites, predominantly led by cardiologists and located in university settings, focusing on key cancer priorities such as breast cancer and patients undergoing immune checkpoint inhibitor treatments, with a pilot phase for enrollment already underway.
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Background: Remote ischemic conditioning (RIC) has been beneficial in laboratory studies of anthracycline cardiotoxicity, but its effects in patients is not established.

Objectives: The authors studied the effect of RIC on cardiac biomarkers and function during and after anthracycline chemotherapy.

Methods: The ERIC-Onc study (Effect of Remote Ischaemic Conditioning in Oncology Patients; NCT02471885) was a randomized, single-blind, sham-controlled study of RIC at each chemotherapy cycle.

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Cardio-oncology is a subspecialty that provides cardiac care for patients with cancer. Newer oncological agents have not only increased survivorship, but also sprouted novel cardiovascular toxicity (CVT) involving any component of the cardiovascular system, albeit with some preferential targets. Patients with cancer should undergo a baseline cardiovascular risk assessment and have individualised surveillance planned during cancer therapy and post treatment.

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Prostate cancer, an androgen-dependent disease, is one of the leading causes of mortality in men. It can present as localised disease, locally advanced or distant metastatic disease. Treatment options for patients with prostate cancer include surgery, chemotherapy, brachytherapy, radiation therapy and hormonal therapy.

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Purpose Of Review: Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging has a significant and expanding role to play in contemporary cardio-oncology. This review seeks to explore the current and future roles of this imaging modality in the cardio-oncology setting.

Recent Findings: Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging is required in diagnosing, monitoring and treating all types of cardiotoxicities (acute coronary syndromes, arrhythmias, myocarditis, pericardial disease, heart failure) and in all types of cancers (breast, gastrointestinal, renal, prostate, haematological etc.

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The population of patients with cancer is rapidly expanding, and the diagnosis and monitoring of cardiovascular complications greatly rely on imaging. Numerous advances in the field of cardio-oncology and imaging have occurred in recent years. This review presents updated and practical approaches for multimodality cardiovascular imaging in the cardio-oncology patient and provides recommendations for imaging to detect the myriad of adverse cardiovascular effects associated with antineoplastic therapy, such as cardiomyopathy, atherosclerosis, vascular toxicity, myocarditis, valve disease, and cardiac masses.

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Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) are deep learning models used widely for solving various tasks like computer vision and speech recognition. CNNs are developed manually based on problem-specific domain knowledge and tricky settings, which are laborious, time consuming, and challenging. To solve these, our study develops an improved differential evolution of convolutional neural network (IDECNN) algorithm to design CNN layer architectures for image classification.

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Chest pain is one of the most common presenting symptoms in patients seeking care from a physician. Risk assessment tools and scores have facilitated prompt diagnosis and optimal management in these patients; however, it is unclear as to whether a standardised approach can adequately triage chest pain in cancer patients and survivors. This is of concern because cancer patients are often at an increased risk of cardiovascular mortality and morbidity given the shared risk factors between cancer and cardiovascular disease, compounded by the fact that certain anti-cancer therapies are associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular events that can persist for weeks and even years after treatment.

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Advances in Lymphoma management have resulted in significant improvements in patient outcomes over the last 50 years. Despite these developments, cardiotoxicity from lymphoma treatments remains an important cause of mortality and morbidity in this cohort of patients. We outlined the most common cardiotoxicities associated with lymphoma treatments and their respective investigation and management strategies, including the role of cardiac pre-assessment and late effects monitoring.

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In India, COVID-19 (Corona Virus Disease-2019) continues to this day, although with subdued intensity, following two major waves of viral infection. Despite ongoing vaccination drives to curb the spread of COVID-19, the relative potential of the administered vaccines to render immune protection to the general population and their advantage over natural infection remain undocumented. In this study, we examined the humoral and cell-mediated immune responses induced by the two vaccines Covishield and Covaxin, in individuals living in and around Kolkata, India.

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The relationship between bradyarrhythmias and cancer therapies has not been well described but is increasingly recognized. There have been extensive advances in oncological pharmacotherapy, with several new classes of drugs available including targeted agents, immune checkpoint inhibitors and CAR T cell therapy. This increasing repertoire of available drugs has revolutionized overall prognosis and survival of cancer patients but the true extent of their cardiovascular toxicity is only beginning to be understood.

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Synopsis of recent research by authors named "Arjun Ghosh"

  • - Arjun Ghosh's research primarily focuses on the intersection of oncology and cardiology, exploring the cardiovascular implications of cancer and its treatments, emphasizing the importance of monitoring patients with concurrent conditions like heart disease and cancer.
  • - His recent studies include developing novel diagnostic methods, such as a multiplex PCR assay for differentiating Entamoeba species, highlighting the need for improved diagnostic techniques in epidemiological research.
  • - Ghosh has actively investigated the cardiovascular risks associated with various cancers, examining factors like chronic stress and the effects of adiposity on cardiac health, thereby contributing to the understanding of how cancer influences cardiovascular outcomes and patient management.