h/e Superconducting Quantum Interference through Trivial Edge States in InAs.

Josephson junctions defined in strong spin orbit semiconductors are highly interesting for the search for topological systems. However, next to topological edge states that emerge in a sufficient magnetic field, trivial edge states can also occur. We study the trivial edge states with superconducting quantum interference measurements on nontopological InAs Josephson junctions.

Giant Spin-Orbit Splitting in Inverted InAs/GaSb Double Quantum Wells.

Transport measurements in inverted InAs/GaSb quantum wells reveal a giant spin-orbit splitting of the energy bands close to the hybridization gap. The splitting results from the interplay of electron-hole mixing and spin-orbit coupling, and can exceed the hybridization gap. We experimentally investigate the band splitting as a function of top gate voltage for both electronlike and holelike states.

Quantized Conductance and Large g-Factor Anisotropy in InSb Quantum Point Contacts.

Because of a strong spin-orbit interaction and a large Landé g-factor, InSb plays an important role in research on Majorana fermions. To further explore novel properties of Majorana fermions, hybrid devices based on quantum wells are conceived as an alternative approach to nanowires. In this work, we report a pronounced conductance quantization of quantum point contact devices in InSb/InAlSb quantum wells.

Decoupling Edge Versus Bulk Conductance in the Trivial Regime of an InAs/GaSb Double Quantum Well Using Corbino Ring Geometry.

A Corbino ring geometry is utilized to analyze edge and bulk conductance of InAs/GaSb quantum well structures. We show that edge conductance exists in the trivial regime of this theoretically predicted topological system with a temperature-insensitive linear resistivity per unit length in the range of 2  kΩ/μm. A resistor network model of the device is developed to decouple the edge conductance from the bulk conductance, providing a quantitative technique to further investigate the nature of this trivial edge conductance, conclusively identified here as being of n type.

A Noninvasive Method for Nanoscale Electrostatic Gating of Pristine Materials.

Electrostatic gating is essential for defining and control of semiconducting devices. However, nanofabrication processes required for depositing gates inevitably degrade the pristine quality of the material of interest. Examples of materials that suffer from such degradation include ultrahigh mobility GaAs/AlGaAs two-dimensional electron gases (2DEGs), graphene, topological insulators, and nanowires.

Electric and Magnetic Tuning Between the Trivial and Topological Phases in InAs/GaSb Double Quantum Wells.

Among the theoretically predicted two-dimensional topological insulators, InAs/GaSb double quantum wells (DQWs) have a unique double-layered structure with electron and hole gases separated in two layers, which enables tuning of the band alignment via electric and magnetic fields. However, the rich trivial-topological phase diagram has yet to be experimentally explored. We present an in situ and continuous tuning between the trivial and topological insulating phases in InAs/GaSb DQWs through electrical dual gating.

Edge-mode superconductivity in a two-dimensional topological insulator.

Topological superconductivity is an exotic state of matter that supports Majorana zero-modes, which have been predicted to occur in the surface states of three-dimensional systems, in the edge states of two-dimensional systems, and in one-dimensional wires. Localized Majorana zero-modes obey non-Abelian exchange statistics, making them interesting building blocks for topological quantum computing. Here, we report superconductivity induced in the edge modes of semiconducting InAs/GaSb quantum wells, a two-dimensional topological insulator.