Treatment of Failure of Macular Hole Closure due to Post-Vitrectomy Macular Edema Using Sub-Tenon Triamcinolone Acetonide Injection: A Case Report.

Introduction: Post-vitrectomy cystoid macular edema (CME) can lead to failure of macular hole (MH) closure. We report 2 cases of failure of MH closure due to post-vitrectomy CME, which were successfully treated using sub-Tenon triamcinolone acetonide (STTA) injection.

Case Presentations: Case 1 involved a 72-year-old male patient with a Gass Stage 3 MH in the right eye.

Exacerbation of Diabetic Retinopathy following Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-Prolyl Hydroxylase Inhibitor Administration: A Case Report.

Introduction: Hypoxia-inducible factor-prolyl hydroxylase (HIF-PH) inhibitors, used in the treatment of renal anemia, hold the potential to increase the production of vascular endothelial growth factors. Therefore, HIF-PH inhibitors may exacerbate retinal hemorrhage in diseases such as diabetic retinopathy. Here, we present a case involving the administration of an HIF-PH inhibitor, resulting in the exacerbation of retinal hemorrhage in a patient with diabetic retinopathy.

SARS-CoV-2 infection status in corneal preservation solution and COVID-19 prevalence after corneal transplantation.

The potential risks associated with organs from COVID-19-infected donors were unclear. To determine the SARS-CoV-2 infection status of corneas transplanted during the COVID-19 pandemic, we performed a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using the corneal preservation solution that was used for corneal transplantation. We also examined the postoperative health status of the recipients.

Derivation of a Novel Scoring System Predicting High Platelet Reactivity on Prasugrel in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease.

Aims: High platelet reactivity (HPR) has been associated with an increased risk of thrombotic events in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention. HPR has been well examined in patients treated with clopidogrel; however, HPR on prasugrel is poorly investigated.

Methods: Four prospective studies were pooled, in which platelet reactivity on prasugrel was measured using VerifyNow assay; genotyping of CYP2C19 was also performed.

Relevance of CYP3A5 Expression on the Clinical Outcome of Patients With Renal Cell Carcinoma.

Background/aim: This study aimed to elucidate the detailed characteristics of CYP3A5 expression and the association between CYP3A5 expression and clinical outcomes in patients with renal cell carcinoma (RCC).

Patients And Methods: This study retrospectively enrolled 124 Japanese patients with RCC treated at the Okayama University Hospital. The commonest CYP3A5 gene polymorphism, CYP3A5*3, and expression levels of CYP3A5 mRNA and protein in each tissue were examined.

Validation of the ABCD-GENE score to identify high platelet reactivity in east Asian patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention.

Background: High platelet reactivity (HPR) is associated with subsequent thrombotic events in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Recently, the ABCD-GENE score was developed to identify patients at risk for HPR, incorporating both clinical and genetic factors. However, this score was derived and validated in mostly Caucasian subjects and it has not been validated in an East Asian population.

Effects of Inotropes on the Mortality in Patients With Septic Shock.

Background: Although surviving sepsis campaign guidelines recommend the use of inotropes in the presence of myocardial dysfunction, the effects of inotropes, including epinephrine, dobutamine, and milrinone, on in-hospital mortality in patients with septic shock remains unclear.

Materials And Methods: We conducted an international,2-center, retrospective cohort study. The Cox proportional hazards regression model with time-varying covariates was used to investigate whether epinephrine, milrinone, or dobutamine reduces in-hospital mortality in patients with septic shock.

Effect of CYP3A5*3 genetic variant on the metabolism of direct-acting antivirals in vitro: a different effect on asunaprevir versus daclatasvir and beclabuvir.

Direct-acting antivirals, asunaprevir (ASV), daclatasvir (DCV), and beclabuvir (BCV) are known to be mainly metabolized by CYP3A enzymes; however, the differences in the detailed metabolic activities of CYP3A4 and CYP3A5 on these drugs are not well clarified. The aim of the present study was to elucidate the relative contributions of CYP3A4 and CYP3A5 to the metabolism of ASV, DCV, and BCV, as well as the effect of CYP3A5*3 genetic variant in vitro. The amount of each drug and their major metabolites were determined using LC-MS/MS.

A randomized controlled, open-label early phase II trial comparing incidence of FOLFIRI.3-induced diarrhoea between Hangeshashinto and oral alkalization in Japanese patients with colorectal cancer.

What Is Known And Objective: We conducted a pilot clinical trial to investigate whether Hangeshashinto (TJ-14) could be substituted for oral alkalization in patients scheduled to undergo chemotherapy by FOLFIRI.3 regimen for colorectal cancer (CRC).

Methods: Patients with CRC were randomized 1:1 to a TJ-14 (7.

Minor contribution of CYP3A5 to the metabolism of hepatitis C protease inhibitor paritaprevir in vitro.

Paritaprevir (PTV) is a non-structural protein 3/4A protease inhibitor developed for the treatment of hepatitis C disease as a fixed dose combination of ombitasvir (OBV) and ritonavir (RTV) with or without dasabuvir. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of cytochrome P450 (CYP) 3A5 on in vitro PTV metabolism using human recombinant CYP3A4, CYP3A5 (rCYP3A4, rCYP3A5) and human liver microsomes (HLMs) genotyped as either CYP3A5*1/*1, CYP3A5*1/*3 or CYP3A5*3/*3. The intrinsic clearance (CL, V/K) for the production of a metabolite from PTV in rCYP3A4 was 1.

Can folate replacement induce lymphoma progression?

A 43-year-old Japanese man with a low haemoglobin level of 1.3 g/dL and multiorgan dysfunction syndrome (MODS) was admitted to our hospital. He was diagnosed with folate deficiency, which was initially attributed to his malnutrition.

High residual platelet reactivity after switching from clopidogrel to low-dose prasugrel in Japanese patients with end-stage renal disease on hemodialysis.

Background: High on-treatment platelet reactivity (HPR) under clopidogrel treatment is frequently observed in hemodialysis (HD) patients. In such patients, 10mg of prasugrel has reportedly inhibited platelet reactivity more adequately compared with 75mg of clopidogrel. However, the efficacy of 3.

Efficacy of 2.5-mg Prasugrel in Elderly or Low-Body-Weight Patients.

Background: Due to concern about bleeding complications, a maintenance dose of prasugrel 2.5 mg may be used in elderly or low-body-weight patients in Japan. There is little information, however, on the efficacy and safety of a 2.

An extremely high bioavailability of orally administered vancomycin in a patient with severe colitis and renal insufficiency.

Because there is little absorption of orally administered vancomycin hydrochloride (VCM) through the normal intestinal microvillus membrane, the pharmacokinetics of VCM absorbed from the digestive tract are mostly unknown. Here we report a case of severe colitis and renal insufficiency in which the serum concentration of VCM reached the supratherapeutic range after oral administration. A 54-year-old man receiving outpatient chemotherapy for rectal cancer was admitted to our hospital for severe sepsis and acute renal failure.

Wanted and Unwanted Care: The Double-Edged Sword of Partial Do-Not-Resuscitate Orders.

Background: The interpretation of do-not-resuscitate orders (DNRs) may vary in nonarrest situations. To reduce ambiguity, many hospitals allow patients to elect partial DNRs.

Objective: To investigate the effect of partial DNRs on physicians' willingness to perform cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and nonarrest procedures.

Platelet inhibition after loading dose of prasugrel in patients with ST-elevation and non-ST-elevation acute coronary syndrome.

The PRASFIT-ACS study showed the antiplatelet effect 2-4 h after prasugrel loading. However, there is little information about the antiplatelet effect <2 h after prasugrel loading dose, especially in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS). There had not been any comparison between ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and non-ST-segment elevation ACS (NSTE-ACS).

Cardiovascular consequences of hypophosphatemia.

Introduction: Few studies have been conducted to evaluate the effect of hypophosphatemia on cardiovascular consequences. The goal of this review was to determine whether hypophosphatemia is associated with cardiovascular consequences and to increase its awareness as a new clinical entity and a reversible cause of cardiovascular consequences.

Evidence Acquisition: We searched MEDLINE and PubMed through September 2016 for primary studies that reported the relationship between hypophosphatemia and cardiovascular consequences including cardiomyopathy and arrhythmia.

Hypophosphatemia-induced Cardiomyopathy.

Relatively few studies have been conducted to evaluate the effect of hypophosphatemia on cardiac function. The goal of this review was to determine whether there is an association between hypophosphatemia and cardiac function and to increase awareness of hypophosphatemia-induced cardiomyopathy as a new clinical entity and a reversible cause of heart failure. We searched MEDLINE and PubMed from 1971 until March 2015 for primary studies, which reported the relationship between hypophosphatemia and cardiac function.

Impact of chronic kidney disease on platelet inhibition of clopidogrel and prasugrel in Japanese patients.

Background: The impact of chronic kidney disease (CKD) on the antiplatelet effect of clopidogrel and low-dose (3.75mg) prasugrel in Japanese patients is largely unknown.

Methods: A total of 53 consecutive Japanese patients with stable coronary artery disease who received aspirin and clopidogrel were enrolled, and categorized by estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR): CKD group (n=15, eGFR<60ml/min/1.