Intracranial Electroencephalography and Deep Neural Networks Reveal Shared Substrates for Representations of Face Identity and Expressions.

According to a classical view of face perception (Bruce and Young, 1986; Haxby et al., 2000), face identity and facial expression recognition are performed by separate neural substrates (ventral and lateral temporal face-selective regions, respectively). However, recent studies challenge this view, showing that expression valence can also be decoded from ventral regions (Skerry and Saxe, 2014; Li et al.

A new paradigm for investigating real-world social behavior and its neural underpinnings.

Eye tracking and other behavioral measurements collected from patient-participants in their hospital rooms afford a unique opportunity to study natural behavior for basic and clinical translational research. We describe an immersive social and behavioral paradigm implemented in patients undergoing evaluation for surgical treatment of epilepsy, with electrodes implanted in the brain to determine the source of their seizures. Our studies entail collecting eye tracking with other behavioral and psychophysiological measurements from patient-participants during unscripted behavior, including social interactions with clinical staff, friends, and family in the hospital room.

Constrained brain volume in an efficient coding model explains the fraction of excitatory and inhibitory neurons in sensory cortices.

The number of neurons in mammalian cortex varies by multiple orders of magnitude across different species. In contrast, the ratio of excitatory to inhibitory neurons (E:I ratio) varies in a much smaller range, from 3:1 to 9:1 and remains roughly constant for different sensory areas within a species. Despite this structure being important for understanding the function of neural circuits, the reason for this consistency is not yet understood.

Comparing the Use of Single vs. Multiple Combined Abilities in Conducting Complex Computer Tasks Hands-free.

Objective: Assistive technologies often focus on a remaining ability of their users, particularly those with physical disabilities, e.g. tetraplegia, to facilitate their computer access.

Simultaneous Multimodal PC Access for People With Disabilities by Integrating Head Tracking, Speech Recognition, and Tongue Motion.

Multimodal Tongue Drive System (mTDS) is a highly integrated wireless assistive technology (AT) in the form of a lightweight wearable headset that utilizes three remaining key control and communication abilities in people with severe physical disabilities, such as tetraplegia, to provide them with effective access to computers: 1) tongue motion for discrete/switch-based control (e.g., clicking), 2) head tracking for proportional control (e.