Postmating isolation and evolutionary relationships among species from Lesser Sunda, Indonesia and other Asian countries revealed by crossing experiments and mtDNA Cytb sequence analyses.

To evaluate the degree of postmating isolation and the evolutionary relationships among frog species in the genus from Indonesia (Lesser Sunda), Bangladesh, China, and Japan, crossing experiments and molecular phylogenetic analyses were carried out. Crossing experiments revealed that reciprocal hybrids among , , and . sp.

Flow Cytometric Analysis of Pro-inflammatory Cytokine Production in Hyperglycemic Mouse Model.

Objective: The sharp increase of pro-inflammatory cytokine becomes a severe problem in some degenerative diseases. This study aimed to investigate the effect of Cherry Leaf Extract (CLE) on pro-inflammatory cytokine production in hyperglycaemic mouse model. A recent patent mentioned that Muntinga calabura is a flavonoid-containing plant which is capable of reinforcing the stomach, appetizing, helping digestion (CN 201611138374), and improving stomach distention (CN106071017A).