Optimizing COVID-19 testing resources use with wearable sensors.

The timely identification of infectious pre-symptomatic and asymptomatic cases is key towards preventing the spread of a viral illness like COVID-19. Early identification has been done through routine testing programs, which are indeed costly and potentially burdensome for individuals who should be tested with high frequency. A supplemental tool is represented by wearable technology, that can passively monitor and identify individuals at high risk, alerting them to take a test.

Improvements in emotion regulation during cognitive behavior therapy predict subsequent social anxiety reductions.

Individuals with social anxiety disorder (SAD) experience overall emotion regulation difficulties, but less is known about the long-term role of such difficulties in cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) for SAD. Forty-six patients with SAD receiving internet-delivered CBT, and matched healthy controls (HCs;  = 39), self-reported the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS), Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale (LSAS-SR), and participated in anticipatory speech anxiety behavioral experiments. Patients were measured at seven time points before, during and after CBT over a total period of 28 months, and HCs at two timepoints.

Untangling the relationships between age, gender, type of sport, perfectionistic self-presentation and motivation on body satisfaction: a cross-sectional study on aesthetic and non-aesthetic female and male athletes aged 10 to 22 years.

Objectives: To explore the relationships between age, gender, type of sport, perfectionistic self-presentation and motivation on body satisfaction among young athletes in one aesthetic sport (gymnastics) and one non-aesthetic sport (basketball). The study hypothesise that (1) age, gender and type of sport (aesthetic or non-aesthetic) will predict body satisfaction scores, (2) autonomous motivation will positively be related to body satisfaction and (3) perfectionistic self-presentation will negatively be related to body satisfaction.

Design: Cross-sectional.

Seabirds reveal mercury distribution across the North Atlantic.

Mercury (Hg) is a heterogeneously distributed toxicant affecting wildlife and human health. Yet, the spatial distribution of Hg remains poorly documented, especially in food webs, even though this knowledge is essential to assess large-scale risk of toxicity for the biota and human populations. Here, we used seabirds to assess, at an unprecedented population and geographic magnitude and high resolution, the spatial distribution of Hg in North Atlantic marine food webs.

Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy and Radiation Improves Recurrence-free and Overall Survival in Resectable and Borderline Resectable Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma.

Objective: The objective of this study is to analyze the outcomes of patients with resectable/borderline resectable PDAC who receive total neoadjuvant therapy vs upfront surgery.

Methods And Analysis: Patients who were treated at a single institution from 2006 to 2021 were included. The primary outcome was overall survival (OS).

Synchronous timing of return to breeding sites in a long-distance migratory seabird with ocean-scale variation in migration schedules.

Background: Migratory birds generally have tightly scheduled annual cycles, in which delays can have carry-over effects on the timing of later events, ultimately impacting reproductive output. Whether temporal carry-over effects are more pronounced among migrations over larger distances, with tighter schedules, is a largely unexplored question.

Methods: We tracked individual Arctic Skuas Stercorarius parasiticus, a long-distance migratory seabird, from eight breeding populations between Greenland and Siberia using light-level geolocators.

Can we let our patients sleep in the hospital? A randomized controlled trial of a pragmatic sleep protocol in surgical oncology patients.

Background: Postoperative inpatients experience increased stress due to pain and poor restorative sleep than non-surgical inpatients.

Objectives And Methods: A total of 101 patients, undergoing major oncologic surgery, were randomized to a postoperative sleep protocol (n = 50) or standard postoperative care (n = 51), between August 2020 and November 2021. The primary endpoint of the study was postoperative sleep time after major oncologic surgery.

Spatial distribution of selenium-mercury in Arctic seabirds.

Mercury (Hg) is a metallic trace element toxic for humans and wildlife that can originate from natural and anthropic sources. Hg spatial gradients have been found in seabirds from the Arctic and other oceans, suggesting contrasting toxicity risks across regions. Selenium (Se) plays a protective role against Hg toxicity, but its spatial distribution has been much less investigated than that of Hg.

Global assessment of marine plastic exposure risk for oceanic birds.

Plastic pollution is distributed patchily around the world's oceans. Likewise, marine organisms that are vulnerable to plastic ingestion or entanglement have uneven distributions. Understanding where wildlife encounters plastic is crucial for targeting research and mitigation.

Expecting the unexpected: incidental findings at a level 1 trauma center.

Introduction: Incidental findings on comprehensive imaging in the adult trauma population occur at rates as high as 54.8%. We sought to determine the incidence of potentially malignant or pre-malignant incidental findings in a high-volume level 1 trauma center and to evaluate follow-up recommendations.

Out of sight, out of mind? The impact on trauma patient opioid use when the medicine administration schedule is not displayed.

Introduction: The impact of a visual pain medication schedule on opioid use among hospitalized trauma patients is unknown. We examined whether removal of this displayed schedule would decrease oral morphine equivalent (OME) use.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study compared OME use in trauma patients in the inpatient setting before and after removing the patient-facing pain medication schedule that is typically displayed on the patient's white board for all trauma admissions.

Targeting maladaptive anger with brief therapist-supported internet-delivered emotion regulation treatments: A randomized controlled trial.

Objective: To evaluate the relative impact of three brief therapist-supported internet-delivered emotion regulation treatments for maladaptive anger (mindful emotion awareness [MEA], cognitive reappraisal [CR], and mindful emotion awareness + cognitive reappraisal [MEA + CR]) and to test whether baseline levels of anger pathology moderate treatment outcome.

Method: Treatments were evaluated in a randomized controlled trial. In total, 234 participants (59% female; mean age = 41.

Pancreatic Cancer: A Review of Current Treatment and Novel Therapies.

Pancreatic cancer is one of the leading causes for cancer-related deaths in the United States. Majority of patients present with unresectable or metastatic disease. For those that present with localized disease, a multidisciplinary approach is necessary to maximize survival and optimize outcomes.

Bleeding After Hemorrhoidectomy in Patients on Anticoagulation Medications.

Background: Post-hemorrhoidectomy bleeding is a serious complication after hemorrhoidectomy. In the setting of a new wave of anticoagulants, we aimed to investigate the relationship of post-operative anticoagulation timing and delayed bleeding.

Methods: We performed a retrospective analysis of all patients undergoing hemorrhoidectomy at a single institution over a 10-year period.

Prior information can alter how sounds are perceived and emotionally regulated.

In the current study, we provided participants with written information about emotional dimensions of a sound presented as a task-irrelevant sound in the context of a serial recall task. We were interested in whether this manipulation would influence sound perception and spontaneous use of emotion regulation strategies. Participants were informed that they would hear either an aversive and annoying sound, or a pleasant and calming sound.

Mercury contamination and potential health risks to Arctic seabirds and shorebirds.

Since the last Arctic Monitoring and Assessment Programme (AMAP) effort to review biological effects of mercury (Hg) on Arctic biota in 2011 and 2018, there has been a considerable number of new Arctic bird studies. This review article provides contemporary Hg exposure and potential health risk for 36 Arctic seabird and shorebird species, representing a larger portion of the Arctic than during previous AMAP assessments now also including parts of the Russian Arctic. To assess risk to birds, we used Hg toxicity benchmarks established for blood and converted to egg, liver, and feather tissues.

Kirsten rat sarcoma (KRAS) oncogene mutation predicts magnitude of response and outcomes in hepatic arterial infusion pump therapy of unresectable colorectal liver metastases.

Background: The Kirsten rat sarcoma (KRAS) mutation predicts negative outcomes following resection of colorectal liver metastases (CRLM) and adjuvant hepatic arterial infusion (HAI) pump chemotherapy. Less is known on the effects of KRAS mutation on tumor response in patients with unresectable CRLM undergoing HAI chemotherapy with floxuridine.

Methods: This is a retrospective cohort study investigating the effects of KRAS mutation on tumor response in patients with unresectable CRLM treated with HAI chemotherapy.

No sound is more distracting than the one you're trying not to hear: delayed costs of mental control of task-irrelevant neutral and emotional sounds.

Background: Suppressing intrusive thoughts can result in a post-suppression rebound effect where the same thoughts become hyperaccessible. The current study aimed to investigate if similar so-called rebound effects could be observed when people attempted to mentally suppress awareness of nonsensical auditory stimuli. Based on previous research on thought suppression and mental control in other domains, we hypothesized that attempting to suppress awareness of a task-irrelevant sound while under cognitive load would impact evaluations of the sound on affective dimensions and loudness, and result in increased general vigilance, as evidenced by faster responding on subsequent tasks.

Ileal Pouch Anal Anastomosis (IPAA) for colitis; development of Crohn's and Pouchitis.

Background: Chronic pouchitis and Crohn's disease after Ileal pouch anal anastomosis (IPAA) for ulcerative colitis could be a larger issue than previously reported.

Methods: All patients receiving care for their IPAA over a 10-year period at a community hospital were included. Primary outcomes were incidence of Crohn's disease and pouchitis.

Recurrence and survival after curative-intent treatment for colorectal liver metastases: Implications for adjuvant liver-directed regional chemotherapy.

Background: This study investigates tumor recurrence patterns and their effect on postrecurrence survival following curative-intent treatment of colorectal liver metastases (CRLM) to identify those who stand to benefit the most from adjuvant liver-directed therapy.

Methods: This is a retrospective analysis of all patients that underwent liver resection and/or ablation for CRLM between 2007 and 2019. Postrecurrence survival was compared between recurrence locations.

Cold comfort: Arctic seabirds find refugia from climate change and potential competition in marginal ice zones and fjords.

Climate change alters species distributions by shifting their fundamental niche in space through time. Such effects may be exacerbated by increased inter-specific competition if climate alters species dominance where competitor ranges overlap. This study used census data, telemetry and stable isotopes to examine the population and foraging ecology of a pair of Arctic and temperate congeners across an extensive zone of sympatry in Iceland, where sea temperatures varied substantially.

Robust deep learning optical autofocus system applied to automated multiwell plate single molecule localization microscopy.

We presenta robust, long-range optical autofocus system for microscopy utilizing machine learning. This can be useful for experiments with long image data acquisition times that may be impacted by defocusing resulting from drift of components, for example due to changes in temperature or mechanical drift. It is also useful for automated slide scanning or multiwell plate imaging where the sample(s) to be imaged may not be in the same horizontal plane throughout the image data acquisition.

Fluoroscopic placement of nasojejunal feeding tubes in COVID-19 patients in the prone position.

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has caused an increase in patients requiring enteral feeding access while undergoing proning for severe acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). We investigated the safety and feasibility of fluoroscopy-guided nasojejunal (NJ) feeding tube placement in the prone position.

Methods: This is a retrospective cohort study of all patients who underwent fluoroscopic placement of NJ feeding tubes at a single institution between March 2020 and December 2020.