Thalidomide-Induced Primary Amenorrhea in a Patient With HbE/Beta-Thalassemia.

An 18-year-old girl was evaluated for primary amenorrhea. She was diagnosed with hemoglobin E (HbE)/beta-thalassemia during childhood and needed blood transfusions every month to maintain adequate hemoglobin levels. She was started on thalidomide to reduce her transfusion requirements at 12 years of age and became transfusion independent after 6 months.

Spectrum of Adrenal Dysfunction in Hemoglobin E/Beta Thalassemia.

Background: Adrenal insufficiency (AI) in hemoglobin E (HbE)/beta thalassemia, including evaluation of mineralocorticoid axis, had not been studied.

Aims And Objectives: In this study, we attempted to evaluate the prevalence of AI in HbE/beta thalassemia and wanted to determine if the prevalence of AI varied according to severity of HbE/beta thalassemia and transfusion requirements.

Methods: In this observational, cross-sectional study, 104 patients with HbE/beta thalassemia were evaluated.

Associations of insulin-induced lipodystrophy in children, adolescents, and young adults with type 1 diabetes mellitus using recombinant human insulin: a cross-sectional study.

Objective: Insulin-induced lipodystrophy is of two types, lipohypertrophy and lipoatrophy. Lipodystrophy often leads to worsening of glycemic control in type 1 diabetes mellitus. Our objective was to identify the clinical, immunological, and other factor(s) associated with the development of lipodystrophy.

A young woman with oligomenorrohea and dysphagia.

A 35-year-old house wife attended our clinic with oligomenorrhea for the last three months. She also complained of diffuse body ache, joint pain and decreased bowel movements. Very often she experienced choking sensation in the throat and had difficulty in swallowing solid food.

DETERIORARON OF OVARIAN FUNCTION AFTER TOTAL ABDOMINAL HYSTERECTOMY WITH PRESERVARON OF OVARIES.

Objective: To evaluate ovarian function after total abdominal hysterectomy in premenopausal women.

Methods: In the present cross-sectional study, we enrolled 52 healthy female subjects having normal menstrual cycle as controls and 37 female patients (age <45 years) who had undergone total abdominal hysterectomy (TAH) with preservation of at least one ovary for the evaluation of ovarian function. Serum antimüllerian hormone (AMH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in both groups.

Tuberculosis of the thyroid gland: two case reports.

Tuberculosis of the thyroid gland is a rare entity even in countries like India where tuberculosis is endemic. The patients may present with thyroid swelling, inflammation and very rarely thyroid dysfunction. Caseous necrosis and epithelioid cell granulomas on fine-needle aspiration cytology and histopathological examination are diagnostic.

A Case of Hemophagocytic Syndrome due to Tuberculosis: Uncommon Manifestation of a Common Disease.

Hemophagocytic syndrome, also known as hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH), is the manifestation of immune dysregulation. It is associated with ineffective but exaggerated immune response and infiltration of active lymphocytes and histiocytes in various organs. This devastating clinical condition has myriad of clinical and biochemical manifestations such as fever, splenomegaly, pancytopenia, hypertrygliceridemia, and hyperferritinemia.