Charge-transfer mediated J-aggregation in red emitting ultra-small-single-benzenic -fluorophore crystals.

Red emission in crystals has been observed with an ultra-small-single-benzenic -fluorophore () with a molecular weight (MW) of only 197 Da, bettering the literature report of fluorophores with the lowest MW = 252 Da. Supramolecular extensive hydrogen-bonding and J-aggregate type centrosymmetric discrete-dimers or a 1D chain of s led to red emission ( = 610-636 nm) in crystals. Unlike in the solution phase showing one absorption band, in thin films and in crystals the transition from the S state to both the S state and S state becomes feasible.

Effect of socioeconomic status and women empowerment status on coverage of oral cancer screening among Indian women within reproductive age group.

Oral cancer is the second most prevalent cancer in India and 5% of all cancers in women is contributed by oral cancer. In spite of being a part of national programme, the screening coverage rates remain low. Studies have indicated that the societal status of women and their empowerment plays a role in screening coverage for cancer.

Generation of higher-order topological insulators using periodic driving.

Topological insulators (TIs) are a new class of materials that resemble ordinary band insulators in terms of a bulk band gap but exhibit protected metallic states on their boundaries. In this modern direction, higher-order TIs (HOTIs) are a new class of TIs in dimensions > 1. These HOTIs possess(d-1)-dimensional boundaries that, unlike those of conventional TIs, do not conduct via gapless states but are themselves TIs.

-Fluorophores: an uncharted ocean of opportunities.

-Fluorophores (MFs) are unique ultra-light (in terms of molecular weight (MW)) fluorophores exhibiting luminescence with a wide colour gamut ranging from blue to the NIR. Single benzenic MFs are easy to synthesize, are quite bright (with photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) as high as 63%) and exhibit very large Stokes shift (as high as 260 nm (8965 cm)), with large solvatochromic shift (as high as 175 nm), and very long excited-state-lifetime (as high as 26 ns) for such ultra-light fluorophores. An emission maximum of ≥600 nm has been achieved with an MF in a polar medium having a MW of only 177 g mol and in a nonpolar medium having MW of only 255 g mol; therefore, a large-sized π-conjugated -fluorophore is no longer a prerequisite for red/NIR emission.

A Three-Component Arene Difunctionalization: Merger of C(sp )/(sp )-H Bond Addition.

A tandem three-component C-H bond addition involving the activation of an inert C(sp )-H bond is reported. The process enables the direct regioselective synthesis of 1,2-difunctionalized arenes with the formation of C(sp )- and C(sp )-C(arene) bonds. 2-Iodobenzoic acid derivatives behave as masked bifunctional reagent (BFR) and react with 2-pyridyl-methyl sulfoximine (MPyS) protected aliphatic acids bearing α,α-disubstituted groups, and alkenes to produce β-aryl-δ-alkenyl amide derivatives in a single operation.

Non-stoichiometric carbamazepine cocrystal hydrates of 3,4-/3,5-dihydroxybenzoic acids: coformer-water exchange.

The cocrystallisation of carbamazepine (CBZ) with 3,4-/3,5-dihydroxybenzoic acids (34/35DHBA) with different stoichiometries formed molecular alloys, exchanging a water molecule, in their isostructural CBZ dihydrate form. Furthermore, we show a correlation between the mechanical properties of the CBZ-DHBA cocrystals with the amount of coformer present.

Beneficial Intrinsic Hole Trapping and Its Amplitude Variation in a Highly Photoluminescent Toxic-Metal-Free Quantum Dot.

Intrinsic hole trapping as well as hole detrapping have not been observed for any quantum dot (QD) or perovskite nanocrystal (PNC) system. Moreover, amplitude variation of intrinsic hole trapping (or detrapping) has not been reported at all for any QD or PNC system. However, for a CuInS-based core/alloy-shell (CAS) QD system, (a) both intrinsic hole trapping and detrapping have been observed and (b) very significant amplitude variations of hole trapping (∼16 to ∼42%) and hole detrapping (∼44 to 23%) have been observed.

Efficient Storage and Encryption of 32-Slice CT Scan Images Using Phase Grating.

Medical images are treated as sensitive as it carries patients' confidential information and hence must be protected from unauthorized access. So, a strong encryption mechanism is a primary criterion to transmit these images over the internet to protect them from intruders. In many existing algorithms, noise affection in the extracted images is high, hence not suitable for medical data encryption.

Interim Analysis of Impact of Adding Low Dose Pulmonary Radiotherapy to Moderate COVID-19 Pneumonia Patients: IMpaCt-RT Study.

Background: Treatment for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia remains largely supportive till date and multiple clinical trials took place within the short span of time to evaluate the role of investigational therapies. The anti-inflammatory effect of low dose whole lung radiation in treating pneumonia has been documented earlier. This clinical trial analyzed the effect of low dose radiation therapy (LDRT) in a moderately affected COVID-19 pneumonia patient cohort and has evaluated its effect in stopping the conversion of moderate disease into severe disease.

Multiple annulations of inert C(sp)-H bonds with alkynes.

Transition-metal catalyzed directing group (DG) assisted annulation of inert C-H bonds leads to the formation of complex molecular frameworks from readily accessible substrates. Thus, multiple annulation of less functionalized substrates with unsaturated species leads to the construction of structurally diverse fused poly(hetero)cycles. The directed inert C(arene)-H bond activation and the mode of TM-migration in this process could enabled obatining L-type [involves DG heteroatom, -C(arene)-H bond, and C(arene)-H bond of aryl-motif in alkyne], Y-type [involves two heteroatoms of the DG and -,'-C(arene)-H bonds], and B-type [involves -C(arene)-H bond and -C(arene)-H bond] π-extended annulation products.

CerealESTDb: A Comprehensive Resource for Abiotic Stress-Responsive Annotated ESTs With Predicted Genes, Gene Ontology, and Metabolic Pathways in Major Cereal Crops.

Cereals are the most important food crops and are considered key contributors to global food security. Loss due to abiotic stresses in cereal crops is limiting potential productivity in a significant manner. The primary reasons for abiotic stresses are abrupt temperature, variable rainfall, and declining nutrient status of the soil.

Sulfur and Nitrogen Modulated One-Pot Double Annulation of Arenes.

The sulfur and nitrogen moieties of methylphenyl sulfoximine (MPS)-enabled aryl thioamides are independently involved in annulation with unactivated alkynes to construct the unusual 6,6-fused thiopyranoisoquinoline skeletons. The MPS directing group plays a vital role in making this unprecedented Ru-catalyzed one-pot double annulation of aryl thioamides with alkynes chemo- and regioselective. Both the C-H bonds of the aryl motif are sequentially functionalized to form four bonds [C-C, C-S and C-C, C-N] in a single operation by overcoming the undisputed challenges, viz.

The Effects of Electronegativity of X and Hybridization of C on the X-C⋅⋅⋅O Interactions: A Statistical Analysis on Tetrel Bonding.

Cone and distance-cone corrected statistical analyses have been performed on X-C⋅⋅⋅O (X=H, B, C, N, O and F; the C atom is sp and sp hybridized) tetrel bonds. The sp -C and sp -C prefer to form the interactions through σ-hole (∠XCO≈180°) and π-hole (∠XCO≈90°), respectively. With the increase in electronegativity of X, the preference for the particular angles of the respective geometries increases and the C⋅⋅⋅O distance becomes shorter.

Harnessing sulfur and nitrogen in the cobalt(iii)-catalyzed unsymmetrical double annulation of thioamides: probing the origin of chemo- and regio-selectivity.

An unconventional cobalt(iii)-catalyzed one-pot domino double annulation of aryl thioamides with unactivated alkynes is presented. Sulfur (S), nitrogen (N), and ,'-C-H bonds of aryl thioamides are involved in this reaction, enabling access to rare 6,6-fused thiopyrano-isoquinoline derivatives. A reverse 'S' coordination over a more conventional 'N' coordination of thioamides to the Co-catalyst specifically regulates the formation of four [C-C and C-S at first and then C-N and C-C] bonds in a single operation, a concept which is uncovered for the first time.

Primary hydatid disease of fallopian tubes: the risk of infertility looms large.

A 45-year-old postmenopausal woman from a rural area presented with a painless lower abdominal lump. Contrast-enhanced computed tomogram of abdomen revealed a well defined hypodense pelvic cystic lesion with multiple daughter cysts suggestive of hydatid disease. The liver was free of cysts on imaging.

Acid-Functionalised Magnetic Ionic Liquid [AcMIm]FeCl as Catalyst for Oxidative Hydroxylation of Arylboronic Acids and Regioselective Friedel-Crafts Acylation.

An acid-functionalised, magnetic, room-temperature ionic liquid, 1-acyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrachloroferrate ([AcMIm]FeCl ), was synthesised and its optical, magnetic, and thermal properties were investigated. The magnetic moment (0.05402 emu in 2 T magnetic fields) showed strong paramagnetic behaviour, and thermogravimetric analysis indicated very good thermal stability with a decomposition temperature higher than 230 °C.

Transport and noise properties of a normal metal-superconductor-normal metal junction with mixed singlet and chiral triplet pairings.

We study transport and zero frequency shot noise properties of a normal metal-superconductor-normal metal (NSN) junction, with the superconductor having mixed singlet and chiral triplet pairings. We show that in the subgapped regime when the chiral triplet pairing amplitude dominates over that of the singlet, a resonance phenomena emerges out at zero energy where all the quantum mechanical scattering probabilities acquire a value of 0.25.

Geometric quantum noise of spin.

The presence of geometric phases is known to affect the dynamics of the systems involved. Here, we consider a quantum degree of freedom, moving in a dissipative environment, whose dynamics is described by a Langevin equation with quantum noise. We show that geometric phases enter the stochastic noise terms.

Synergistic regulatory networks mediated by microRNAs and transcription factors under drought, heat and salt stresses in Oryza Sativa spp.

Background: Transcription factors (TFs) and microRNAs (miRNAs) are primary gene regulators within the cell. Regulatory mechanisms of these two main regulators are of great interest to biologists and may provide insights into the abiotic and biotic stresses. However, the interaction between miRNAs and TFs in a gene regulatory network (GRN) still remains uncovered.

Transport signatures of fractional fermions in Rashba nanowires.

We theoretically study transport through a semiconducting Rashba nanowire (NW) in the presence of uniform and spatially modulated magnetic fields. The system is fully gapped, and the interplay between the spin orbit interaction and the magnetic fields leads to fractionally charged fermion (FF) bound states of the Jackiw-Rebbi type at each end of the nanowire. We investigate the transport and noise behavior of a N/NW/N system, where the wire is contacted by two normal leads (N), and we look for possible signatures that could help in the experimental detection of such states.

Compensation of rotation effect in a combination of retarders.

In a cascaded system comprising a combination of oblique retarders, the effect of optical rotation is observed in addition to the overall retardation. This shows that the combined system does not behave as a pure oblique retarder. Analyzing such a general system using Pauli Spin matrices, it is shown that the effect of optical rotation may be completely annulled through the use of a suitably oriented retarder at the output of the cascaded system.

Achromatic quarter-wave plate using crystalline quartz.

Achromatic wave plates are ideal components for use with tunable and multiline laser systems, broadband sources, and in astronomical instrumentation. The present study deals with the design and characteristics of two different quarter-wave achromatic retarders in the 500-700 nm range, using a cascaded system of two birefringent plates. The first of these shows a variation of less than ±0.