Microwave-Assisted Buchwald-Hartwig Double Amination: A Rapid and Promising Approach for the Synthesis of TADF Compounds.

We herein report a microwave-assisted Buchwald-Hartwig double amination reaction to synthesize potential thermally activated delayed fluorescence compounds, forming C(sp)-N bonds between donor and acceptor units. Our approach reduces reaction times from 24 h to 10-30 min and achieves moderate to excellent yields, outperforming conventional heating methods. The method is compatible with various aryl bromides and secondary amines, including phenoxazine, phenothiazine, acridine, and carbazole.

Evaluation of the biomechanics of Aramany class I obturators of different designs using numerical and experimental methods. Part II: Stress distribution.

Statement Of Problem: Evidence regarding stress evaluations of removable obturators with Aramany class I defects is lacking. Whether the stress distribution on Aramany class I prostheses can be improved by modifying the currently used designs is also unclear.

Purpose: The purpose of part II of this study was to evaluate the stress distribution in different designs of Aramany class I obturators using finite element analysis (FEA) and photoelastic stress analysis.

Innovative approaches for augmenting dielectric properties in cross-linked polyethylene (XLPE): A review.

Throughout the history of power systems, power cables have been used to securely and efficiently distribute electrical energy to the destined locations. Cross-linked polyethylene (XLPE), a commonly used insulator in high-voltage cables, have several desirable properties, such as low dielectric loss, high dielectric constant, high thermal conductivity, enhanced thermal stability, and superior resistance against electrical stress. However, further improvements of XLPE's performance are needed.

Digital comparative analysis in three dimensions of two impression techniques for the bilateral distal extension of partially edentulous mandibular arches: A pilot clinical study.

Statement Of Problem: The stability of mandibular removable partial dentures with bilateral distal extensions may be improved with the controlled tissue support achieved by using the altered cast impression technique, although this process is time-consuming and technique-sensitive.

Purpose: The purpose of this pilot clinical study was to compare casts generated from a conventional definitive impression with casts generated from an altered cast impression using a 3-dimensional (3D) analysis software program.

Material And Methods: Three partially edentulous participants with mandibular Kennedy Class I were enrolled, and impressions were made with the 2 techniques and poured in stone.

The Effect of Obesity on Severity of Asthma: An Observational Prospective Study from Pakistan.

Objective: The current research study aimed to access the relationship between obesity and asthma exacerbations and severity among adult patients at the outpatient section of a federal hospital (PIMS) in Islamabad, Pakistan.

Methods: A cross-sectional research study was carried out on 207 asthma adult patients belonging to different areas and ethnic groups from the country. The study setting was the PIMS hospital, which attracts patients from all over the country due to its facilities and cost-effective treatments.

Switching thermally activated delayed fluorescence to room temperature phosphorescence for oxygen sensing: Effect of donor substituents of trifluoromethylphenyl.

Two compounds consisting of electron-accepting trifluoromethylphenyl moiety and electron-donating phenoxazine and phenothiazine moieties were designed and synthesized via Buchwald-Hartwig coupling reaction. Thermal, photophysical, and electrochemical properties of the compounds are discussed. Only compound with phenothiazine form molecular glass, with glass transition temperatures of 90 °C.

Remote Steric and Electronic Effects of -Heterocyclic Carbene Ligands on Alkene Reactivity and Regioselectivity toward Hydrocupration Reactions: The Role of Expanded-Ring -Heterocyclic Carbenes.

The remote groups in -heterocyclic carbene (NHC) ligands have a significant influence on metal-catalyzed reactions. We examine how remote bulkiness, electronic groups, and expanded-ring NHCs (ER-NHCs) influence alkene reactivity and regioselectivity toward hydrocupration using density functional theory calculations. The impact of remote steric bulkiness on the Cu-H insertion rate is analyzed, revealing a strong correlation between the steric substituent constant and rate ratio, where a bulky group increases the rate due to reduced steric effects in the transition state (TS).

Cation-stimulated drug delivery via lipid assembly comprising macrocyclized disaccharides - A DFT study.

In the attempt to create a delivery system for an alkali-cation stimulated drug release, a computational study was conducted, aiming for the evaluation of synthetic access towards glycolipid crown ethers analogs and their potential for coordination-induced changes of packing constraints for molecular assemblies. The results disfavor amide-linkages for the creation of macrocycles around the inter-glycosidic bond of a disaccharide. Conformational changes upon cation coordination of the macrocycle decrease the intersection area for easily accessible macrocycles based on lactose.

Fatigue Life Modelling of Steel Suspension Coil Springs Based on Wavelet Vibration Features Using Neuro-Fuzzy Methods.

This study proposed wavelet-based approaches to characterise random vibration road excitations for durability prediction of coil springs. Conventional strain-life approaches require long computational time, while the accuracy of the vibration fatigue methods is unsatisfactory. It is therefore a necessity to establish an accurate fatigue life prediction model based on vibrational features.

Derivatives of Pyridazine with Phenoxazine and 9,9-Dimethyl-9,10-dihydroacridine Donor Moieties Exhibiting Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence.

Two compounds based on pyridazine as the acceptor core and 9,9-dimethyl-9,10-dihydroacridine or phenoxazine donor moieties were designed and synthesized by Buchwald-Hartwig cross-coupling reaction. The electronic, photophysical, and electrochemical properties of the compounds were studied by ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-vis), photoluminescence spectrometry, differential scanning calorimetry, thermogravimetric analysis, and cyclic voltammetry. The compounds are characterized by high thermal stabilities.

A Review on Nonlocal Theories in Fatigue Assessment of Solids.

A review of nonlocal theories utilized in the fatigue and fracture modeling of solid structures is addressed in this paper. Numerous papers have been studied for this purpose, and various nonlocal theories such as the nonlocal continuum damage model, stress field intensity model, peridynamics model, elastic-plastic models, energy-based model, nonlocal multiscale model, microstructural sensitive model, nonlocal lattice particle model, nonlocal high cycle fatigue model, low cycle fatigue model, nonlocal and gradient fracture criteria, nonlocal coupled damage plasticity model and nonlocal fracture criterion have been reviewed and summarized in the case of fatigue and fracture of solid structures and materials.

Fatigue Reliability Characterisation of Effective Strain Damage Model Using Extreme Value Distribution for Road Load Conditions.

The aim of this paper is to characterise the fatigue reliability for various random strain loads under extreme value distribution while considering the cycle sequence effect condition in fatigue life prediction. The established strain-life models, i.e.

Polymerization and Applications of Poly(methyl methacrylate)-Graphene Oxide Nanocomposites: A Review.

Graphene oxide (GO)-incorporated poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) nanocomposites (PMMA-GO) have demonstrated a wide range of outstanding mechanical, electrical, and physical characteristics. It is of interest to review the synthesis of PMMA-GO nanocomposites and their applications as multifunctional structural materials. The attention of this review is to focus on the radical polymerization techniques, mainly bulk and emulsion polymerization, to prepare PMMA-GO polymeric nanocomposite materials.

Validation of a Simplified Digital Periodontal Health Screening Module for General Dental Practitioners.

As a silent disease, individuals at risk of periodontitis are not easily identified until the disease has become severe. Early detection at the community level is essential, especially for general dental practitioners. The aim of this study was to design a comprehensive, user-friendly tool to screen patients' periodontal health at community level and to evaluate users' acceptance of its use.

The role of electronic medical records in improving health care quality: A quasi-experimental study.

The Teleprimary Care-Oral Health Clinical Information System (TPC-OHCIS) is an updated electronic medical record (EMR) that has been applied in Malaysian primary healthcare. Recognizing the level of patient satisfaction following EMR implementation is crucial for assessing the performance of health care services. Hence, the main objective of this study was to compare the level of patient satisfaction between EMR-based clinics and paper-based clinics.

Antioxidant properties of butylated phenol with oxadiazole and hydrazone moiety at position supported by DFT study.

Two series of 1,3,4-oxadiazole derivatives at the sixth position of the 2,4-di--butylphenol group were synthesized. The antioxidant properties were evaluated by DPPH and FRAP assays. Compound 3 showed significant antioxidant activity, while its alkyl derivatives exhibited decreased antioxidant activity in both assays.

Effects of processing and gamma radiation on mechanical properties and organic composition of frozen, freeze-dried and demineralised human cortical bone allograft.

Bone processing and radiation were reported to influence mechanical properties of cortical bones due in part to structural changes and denaturation of collagen composition. This comparative study was to determine effects of bone processing on mechanical properties and organic composition, and to what extent the radiation damaging after each processing. Human femur cortical bones were processed by freezing, freeze-drying and demineralisation and then gamma irradiated at 5, 15, 20, 25 and 50 kGy.

Osteoblastic Cell Responses of Copper Nanoparticle Coatings on Ti-6Al-7Nb Alloy Using Electrophoretic Deposition Method.

Aim: To investigate and compare the cell cytotoxicity, proliferation, cell attachment, and morphology of human fetal osteoblasts (hFOB) cells of coated samples (titanium nanocopper (Ti Cu), titanium nanohydroxyapatite (Ti HA) and titanium nanocopper ion doped hydroxyapatite (Ti Cu/HA) and uncoated samples (Ti) in order to assess the suitability of these surface modifications on Ti-6Al-7Nb for dental implant application.

Materials And Methods: The cytotoxicity was studied by examining the hFOB cell response by MTT assessment. The cell morphology was evaluated by inverted microscopy and observed under scanning electronic microscopy (SEM).

Relating molecular descriptors to frontier orbital energy levels, singlet and triplet excited states of fused tricyclics using machine learning.

Fused tricyclic organic compounds are an important class of organic electronic materials. In designing molecules for organic electronics, knowing what chemical structure that be used to tune the molecular property is one of the keys that can help to improve the material performance. In this research, we applied machine learning and data analytic approaches in addressing this problem.

Effect of Bulky Functional Groups on Donor and Acceptor Interactions and their Photoluminescence Properties.

Material designs that use donor and acceptor units are often found in organic optoelectronic devices. Molecular level insight into the interactions between donors and acceptors are crucial for understanding how such interactions can modify the optical properties of the organic optoelectronic materials. In this paper, tris(4-(tert-butyl)phenyl)amine (pTPA) was synthesized as a donor in order to compare with unmodified triphenylamine (TPA) in a donor-acceptor system by having 2,4,6-triphenyl-1,3,5-triazine (TRZ) as an acceptor.

Isolated congenital tracheal stenosis: A rare and deadly condition.

Introduction: Congenital tracheal stenosis (CTS) is a serious and rare condition. In most cases, CTS is associated with cardiopulmonary abnormalities; however, isolated CTS is present in 10%-30% of patients. The severity of the disorder is dependent on the symptoms, which correlate with the CTS classification.

The Impact of Ethylene Glycol on Droplet Growth Inhibition in Ethylene Vinyl Acetate Emulsions.

Pour point depressant (PPD) emulsion has been gaining attention in crude oil transportation owing to its potential to solve solidification issues that arise in cold climate environments. An emulsion system provides a wide range of temperature application that combines good shelf life and tunable thermal properties to tackle this problem. These features can be achieved by incorporating an antifreeze agent into the emulsion.

Work function modification of PEDOT:PSS by mixing with barium acetylacetonate.

Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) is often used as a hole injection and extractor for various organic electronic devices. This study investigated whether it is possible to n-dope PEDOT:PSS with barium acetylacetonate (Ba(acac)) to change its work function so that to be more suitable for electron injection and extraction. Molecular dynamics simulations suggested that barium cations can interact with the aromatic rings of PEDOT and the negatively charged sulfonate in PSS.

Activation of Intrinsic Apoptosis and G1 Cell Cycle Arrest by a Triazole Precursor, N-(4-chlorophenyl)-2-(4-(3,4,5-trimethoxybenzyloxy)benzoyl)-hydrazinecarbothioamide in Breast Cancer Cell Line.

Background: Oxadiazoles, triazoles, and their respective precursors have been shown to exhibit various pharmacological properties, namely antitumour activities. Cytotoxic activity was reported for these compounds in various cancer cell lines.

Aim And Objectives: In this study, we aim at investigating the mechanism of apoptosis by N-(4-chlorophenyl)-2-(4- (3,4,5-trimethoxybenzyloxy)benzoyl)-hydrazinecarbothioamide, a triazole precursor, henceforth termed compound P7a, in breast cancer cell line, MCF-7.