Role of milk glycome in prevention, treatment, and recovery of COVID-19.

Milk contains all essential macro and micro-nutrients for the development of the newborn. Its high therapeutic and antimicrobial content provides an important function for the prevention, treatment, and recovery of certain diseases throughout life. The bioactive components found in milk are mostly decorated with glycans, which provide proper formation and modulate the biological functions of glycosylated compounds.

Lactoferrin for COVID-19 prevention, treatment, and recovery.

Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), a unique beta-coronavirus, has caused the most serious outbreak of the last century at the global level. SARS-CoV-2 infections were firstly reported in the city of Wuhan in China in 2019 and this new disease was named COVID-19 by World Health Organization (WHO). As this novel disease can easily be transmitted from one individual to another respiratory droplets, many nations around the world have taken several precautions regarding the reduction in social activities and quarantine for the limitation of the COVID-19 transmission.

Potential Applications of Endo-β--Acetylglucosaminidases From Subspecies in Designing Value-Added, Next-Generation Infant Formulas.

Human milk is the optimal source of infant nutrition. Among many other health benefits, human milk can stimulate the development of a -rich microbiome through human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs). In recent years, the development of novel formulas has placed particular focus on incorporating some of the beneficial functional properties of human milk.

Structural insights of two novel N-acetyl-glucosaminidase enzymes through in silico methods.

EndoBI-1 and EndoBI-2 are two endo- acetylglucosaminidase isoenzymes that cleave diacetylchitobiosyl moieties found in various types of native -glycans. These -glycans are indigestible by human infants and adults due to the lack of responsible glycosyl hydrolases and they act as selective prebiotics for a probiotic microorganism, subsp , in the large intestine. The selectivity and the thermostability of EndoBI-1 and EndoBI-2 suggest that these enzymes may be useful for many scientific and industrial applications.

Comparative modelling of a novel enzyme: Mus musculus leucine decarboxylase.

Leucine decarboxylase (LDC) is a recently proposed enzyme with no official enzyme commission number yet. It is encoded by the Mus musculus gene Gm853 which is expressed at kidneys, generating isopentylamine, an alkylmonoamine that has not been described to be formed by any metazoan enzyme yet. Although the relevance of LDC in mammalian physiology has not been fully determined, isopentylamine is a potential modulator which may have effects on insulin secretion and healthy gut microbiota formation.