Survival rates with favorable neurological outcomes after in-hospital and out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: A prospective cohort study.

Objectives: To evaluate the survival rates with favorable neurological outcomes among patients who experienced in-hospital cardiac arrest (IHCA) and out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA).

Design: This prospective cohort study assessed 554 adult patients with IHCA or OHCA referred to Hamad General Hospital, Qatar, between February 2015 and November 2021. Neurologic outcomes were measured using the Cerebral Performance Category (CPC) score.

Hyperspectral Imaging for Microcirculatory Assessment of Patients undergoing Transcatheter and Surgical Aortic Valve Replacement-a Prospective Observational Pilot Study.

This prospective, observational study evaluated Hyperspectral Imaging (HSI) to assess the effects of cardiac surgery and cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) on microcirculation. 40 Patients with severe aortic stenosis were enrolled. 20 patients underwent transapical/transaxillary/transaortic aortic valve replacement (TAVR), 20 underwent an open surgical approach with CPB (SAVR).

Metabolic predictors of COVID-19 mortality and severity: a survival analysis.

Introduction: The global healthcare burden of COVID-19 pandemic has been unprecedented with a high mortality. Metabolomics, a powerful technique, has been increasingly utilized to study the host response to infections and to understand the progression of multi-system disorders such as COVID-19. Analysis of the host metabolites in response to SARS-CoV-2 infection can provide a snapshot of the endogenous metabolic landscape of the host and its role in shaping the interaction with SARS-CoV-2.

Male-female differences following concomitant coronary artery bypass grafting and aortic valve replacement surgery.

Aims: Combined coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) and aortic valve replacement (AVR), and female sex are associated with increased perioperative mortality in clinical risk scores. This study investigated male-female differences in short-term outcome stratified by age groups.

Methods And Results: All patients undergoing AVR and CABG between January 2001 and June 2021 at our institution were included.

Network Pharmacology and Experimental Validation to Explore the Potential Mechanism of for the Treatment of Breast Cancer.

Breast cancer is a prevalent and potentially life-threatening disease that affects women worldwide. Natural products have gained attention as potential anticancer agents due to their fewer side effects, low toxicity, and cost effectiveness compared to traditional chemotherapy drugs. In the current study, the network pharmacology approach was used following a molecular docking study to evaluate the therapeutic potential of -derived phytochemicals against breast cancer.

A Computational Predictor for Accurate Identification of Tumor Homing Peptides by Integrating Sequential and Deep BiLSTM Features.

Cancer remains a severe illness, and current research indicates that tumor homing peptides (THPs) play an important part in cancer therapy. The identification of THPs can provide crucial insights for drug-discovery and pharmaceutical industries as they allow for tailored medication delivery towards cancer cells. These peptides have a high affinity enabling particular receptors present upon tumor surfaces, allowing for the creation of precision medications that reduce off-target consequences and enhance cancer patient treatment results.

Risk factors for long-term mortality after acute aortic dissection-results of the German registry for acute aortic dissection type a long-term follow-up.

Objectives: Several short-term analyses from German Registry for Acute Aortic Dissection Type A (GERAADA) have been published. This study investigated whether short-term risk factors are transferable to the long-term prognosis of patients.

Methods: Thirty-three centres with 2686 patients participated in the long-term follow-up.

A novel stacking-based predictor for accurate prediction of antimicrobial peptides.

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are gaining acceptance and support as a chief antibiotic substitute since they boost human immunity. They retain a wide range of actions and have a low risk of developing resistance, which are critical properties to the pharmaceutical industry for drug discovery. Antibiotic sensitivity, however, is an issue that affects people all around the world and has the potential to one day lead to an epidemic.

Knowledge, Attitudes, Anxiety, and Preventive Behaviors Related to COVID-19 Among Healthcare Providers: A Developing Country's Perspective.

Background In early 2020, the rapid global spread of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) presented healthcare workers (HCWs) with an unprecedented challenge. The constant influx of new information about the virus created knowledge gaps, and the relentless demands of their work schedules left many feeling overwhelmed. This paper explores the knowledge, attitudes, anxiety levels, and preventive behaviors of HCWs in the twin cities of Pakistan, Rawalpindi and Islamabad, related to the COVID-19 pandemic.

Regnase-1 overexpression as a therapeutic approach of Marfan syndrome.

Rupture or dissection of thoracic aortic aneurysms is still the leading cause of death for patients diagnosed with Marfan syndrome. Inflammation and matrix digestion regulated by matrix metalloproteases (MMPs) play a major role in the pathological remodeling of the aortic media. Regnase-1 is an endoribonuclease shown to cleave the mRNA of proinflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin-6.

Acute antiarrhythmic effects of SGLT2 inhibitors-dapagliflozin lowers the excitability of atrial cardiomyocytes.

In recent years, SGLT2 inhibitors have become an integral part of heart failure therapy, and several mechanisms contributing to cardiorenal protection have been identified. In this study, we place special emphasis on the atria and investigate acute electrophysiological effects of dapagliflozin to assess the antiarrhythmic potential of SGLT2 inhibitors. Direct electrophysiological effects of dapagliflozin were investigated in patch clamp experiments on isolated atrial cardiomyocytes.

Heterogeneous effects of emigration on labor market activity and investment decisions in Punjab, Pakistan.

We investigate the impacts of emigration on the labor market and investment decisions of migrant-sending households in Pakistan by constructing a large individual-level dataset, using several rounds of the Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey conducted between 2003 and 2014. We add to the literature by introducing a new time-varying instrumental variable to control for endogenous migration decisions, constructed as a composite of three variables that represent opportunities to work abroad: (i) the household's number of adult males, (ii) historic diaspora rates, and (iii) deviations of nighttime light intensity from its trend in migrant-receiving countries. We find a significant shift in domestic labor market activity from lower-status employment categories (not working at all, unpaid family work and manual labor) toward higher-status activities and entrepreneurship such as self-employment and becoming an employer within migrant-sending households.

Total Number of Lymph Nodes in Neck Dissection and Its Relation to Cancer-Positive Lymph Nodes as a Prognostic Indicator in Aerodigestive Tract Cancers: A Multi-Center Study.

Objectives Few studies have been conducted on the total number of lymph nodes (LNs) in neck dissection and the lymph node ratio (LNR; number of positive lymph nodes divided by number of excised lymph nodes), or their potential use as a prognostic indicator for cancers of the upper aerodigestive tract (UADT) and its treatment. We aimed to measure the number of lymph nodes dissected and the LNR to assess their prognostic value for cancers of the UADT, as well as their effect on overall survival and disease-free survival. Methods We performed a retrospective study of patients diagnosed with cancer of the UADT who underwent neck dissection as the primary or secondary modality of their treatment plan at King Abdulaziz University Hospital and the National Guard Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.

Empowered mothers and co-resident grandmothers: Two fundamental roles of women impacting child health outcomes in Punjab, Pakistan.

We show that i) empowered mothers and ii) coresident grandmothers each benefit children's nutritional health measured by height-for-age z-scores (HAZ) and weight-for-age z-scores (WAZ) for age groups 5 years and less. First, using cross-sectional data from the Pakistan Demographic and Health Survey (PDHS) for the year 2017-18, we estimate the impact of empowered mothers on child health outcomes using an instrumental variable approach to correct for endogeneity. Empowerment is measured by two indices: as a sum of the questions that gauge both attitudinal and behavioral dimensions of female agency and also and using multiple correspondence analysis (MCA) for these same questions.

Octogenarian patients and laser-assisted lead extraction: Should we put a limit?

Background: Transvenous laser lead extraction (TLE) for cardiac implantable electric devices (CIED) is a challenging procedure especially if performed in octogenarians. In this study we evaluated the safety and efficacy of transvenous laser lead extraction in elderly patients.

Methods: This is a retrospective study of octogenarian patients who underwent laser-assisted lead extraction (LLE) (GlideLight laser sheath, Philips, San Diego, USA).

Temporary circulatory support with surgically implanted microaxial pumps in postcardiotomy cardiogenic shock following coronary artery bypass surgery.

Objectives: Patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) surgery may develop postcardiotomy cardiogenic shock. In these cases, implantation of an Impella 5.0 or 5.

A Literature Review Examining Virtual Reality Exposure Therapy for Individuals Diagnosed With Social Anxiety Disorder.

Social anxiety disorder (SAD) is a specific subtype of anxiety disorder where individuals experience uncomfortable social situations that induce anxious feelings including nervousness and panic. Computer technology has been applied in interventions for many mental health disorders. We aim to understand and explore the use of virtual reality exposure therapy (VRET) to treat adults with SAD.

In Silico Analysis of Honey Bee Peptides as Potential Inhibitors of Capripoxvirus DNA-Directed RNA Polymerase.

The genus Capripoxvirus belongs to the Poxviridae family. The sheeppox, goatpox, and lumpy skin disease viruses are three species of this genus with 96% identity in their genomes. These are financially devastating viral infections among cattle, which cause a reduction in animal products and lead to a loss in livestock industries.

Comparing biological and physical cost functions in VMAT planning for pediatric nasopharyngeal cancer.

Background: Volumetric Modulated Arc Therapy (VMAT) is an option for the delivery of Radiotherapy treatment technique for pediatric nasopharyngeal cancer, VMAT is the most common treatment technique for pediatric nasopharyngeal cancer. The use of a combination of both biological and physical parameters in VMAT planning optimization may produce better target coverage and sparing of critical organs. This work was to compare Biological Cost Functions (BCFs) and Physical Cost Functions (PCFs) in the VMAT of pediatric nasopharyngeal cancer patients.

Study of the self-assembly of a gemini surfactant induced by anionic QDs in aqueous solution.

The interaction of anionic quantum dots (QDs) with a gemini surfactant (1,1'-(propane-1,3-diyl-2-ol)bis(3-hexadecyl-1-imidazol-3-ium)) bromide [CIm-3OH-ImC]Br in water has been investigated, yielding a unique class of luminescent self-assemblies. Instead of engaging with the QDs directly, the dimeric surfactant self-associates into micelles first. After adding [CIm-3OH-ImC]Br to aqueous solutions containing QDs, two types of structural formations, supramolecular and vesicles, were confirmed.

Factors Related to Anemia Prevalence Among Women of Childbearing Age in the Period of Global Pandemic.

Background Health authorities in Pakistan in collaboration with local and foreign non-government organizations are working hard to achieve the targets set by World Health Organization in 2012, that is, to reduce anemia prevalence and its related factors. However, due to the prevailing COVID-19 crisis, all resources and attention were diverted toward it, which led to ignorance of existing basic health issues. Objective This study assesses anemia prevalence and its related factors among women of childbearing age in the period of global pandemic.

Current Practices and Perceived Role of Community Pharmacists in Type 2 Diabetes Services in Pakistan.

Background Diabetes mellitus is a chronic illness which is becoming more prevalent in developing countries, and it is being managed mostly in hospitals or clinics in underdeveloped nations. Other strategies for treatment delivery in emerging nations must be considered as the number of diabetic patients grows. Community pharmacists are a valuable choice for diabetes care.

The correlation of age and extension length in DeBakey type I aortic dissection: are older patients over 70 years at a lower risk?

Objectives: Age-related atherosclerosis has been shown to cause aortic stiffness and wall rigidification. This analysis aimed to correlate age and dissection extension length in a large contemporary multicentre study. We hypothesize that younger patients suffer more extensive DeBakey type I dissection due to aortic wall integrity, allowing unhindered extension within the layers.