Implementing a resident-led transition-specific bootcamp curriculum during pediatric residency training: Our 3-year experience.

Objectives: Postgraduate programs that use 'bootcamps' to help trainees transition into new clinical roles usually solely target entry to residency, failing to address other critical transition periods. We developed, implemented, and evaluated a resident-led transition-specific bootcamp curriculum in our Pediatrics program and described our first 3 years of experience.

Methods: Our bootcamp curriculum was developed around Kern's framework.

Echocardiography in the Ventilated Patient: What the Clinician Has to Know.

Heart and lung sharing the same anatomical space are influenced by each other. Spontaneous breathing induces dynamic changes in intrathoracic pressure, impacting cardiac function, particularly the right ventricle. In intensive care units (ICU), mechanical ventilation (MV) and therefore positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) are often applied, and this inevitably influences cardiac function.

Indications and outcomes of pediatric high flow nasal cannula use in the home setting.

Objective: To describe the patient characteristics, indications, and clinical outcomes of home high flow nasal cannula (HFNC) among pediatric patients. To evaluate secular trends in home HFNC initiation between 2013 and 2022.

Methods: A retrospective review of all children on home HFNC between 2013 and 2023 was conducted at a tertiary care pediatric hospital in Ontario, Canada.

Dexamethasone regime and clinical outcomes in children hospitalized with croup: A cohort study.

Background: High-quality trial evidence supports the use of one dose of dexamethasone in the outpatient management of croup; however, there are no inpatient trials, and the optimal treatment regimen for the inpatient management of croup remains uncertain. Significant practice variability exists in the corticosteroid treatment of children hospitalized for croup.

Objective: To evaluate the association of dexamethasone treatment regimen (1 vs.

Characteristics and outcomes of home parenteral nutrition among children with severe neurological impairment.

Objectives: To describe the characteristics, secular trends, and outcomes of home parenteral nutrition (HPN) use among children with severe neurological impairment (SNI) and non-primary digestive disorders from 2010 to 2023 and compare outcomes to children with primary digestive disorders on HPN.

Methods: A retrospective review of all children with SNI and non-primary digestive disorders, where HPN was initiated between January 2010 and September 2023 at a tertiary care pediatric hospital. The Mann-Kendall trend test was used to assess trends in HPN initiation.

A WORLDWIDE ENIGMA STUDY ON EPILEPSY-RELATED GRAY AND WHITE MATTER COMPROMISE ACROSS THE ADULT LIFESPAN.

Objectives: Temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) is commonly associated with mesiotemporal pathology and widespread alterations of grey and white matter structures. Evidence supports a progressive condition although the temporal evolution of TLE is poorly defined. This ENIGMA-Epilepsy study utilized multimodal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data to investigate structural alterations in TLE patients across the adult lifespan.

Catch the Cath or Not? A Hamletic Dilemma after 10 Years.

In the last few years, a tremendous advancement has been made in the therapeutical management of several diseases with an increasing need for parental drug administration. To avoid repeated venous insertions and the patient's anxiety related to these procedures, it is now common practice to insert a catheter to leave it in place for a longer time. However, these procedures may generate some complications, such as failure of insertion, embolization, and infection.

Patterns of subregional cerebellar atrophy across epilepsy syndromes: An ENIGMA-Epilepsy study.

Objective: The intricate neuroanatomical structure of the cerebellum is of longstanding interest in epilepsy, but has been poorly characterized within the current corticocentric models of this disease. We quantified cross-sectional regional cerebellar lobule volumes using structural magnetic resonance imaging in 1602 adults with epilepsy and 1022 healthy controls across 22 sites from the global ENIGMA-Epilepsy working group.

Methods: A state-of-the-art deep learning-based approach was employed that parcellates the cerebellum into 28 neuroanatomical subregions.

Cortical GABA Levels Are Reduced in Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome.

After recovering from the acute COVID-19 illness, a substantial proportion of people continue experiencing post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC), also termed "long COVID". Their quality of life is adversely impacted by persistent cognitive dysfunction and affective distress, but the underlying neural mechanisms are poorly understood. The present study recruited a group of mostly young, previously healthy adults (24.

Patterns of subregional cerebellar atrophy across epilepsy syndromes: An ENIGMA-Epilepsy study.

Objective: The intricate neuroanatomical structure of the cerebellum is of longstanding interest in epilepsy, but has been poorly characterized within the current cortico-centric models of this disease. We quantified cross-sectional regional cerebellar lobule volumes using structural MRI in 1,602 adults with epilepsy and 1,022 healthy controls across twenty-two sites from the global ENIGMA-Epilepsy working group.

Methods: A state-of-the-art deep learning-based approach was employed that parcellates the cerebellum into 28 neuroanatomical subregions.

Evaluating the feasibility and outcomes of a resident-led school-based pediatric clinic.

Objective: A resident-led school-based clinic to serve low-income populations was established in 2019 and served as a continuity clinic for pediatric residents at a single university. Our aim was to assess the feasibility, clinic outcomes, and resident experience of a resident-led school-based clinic (RLSBC), established in an elementary school that serves an underserved population.

Methods: A retrospective chart review for the first 6 months (October 2019 to March 2020) of clinic operations was conducted.

Spatial patterns of gray and white matter compromise relate to age of seizure onset in temporal lobe epilepsy.

Objective: Temporal Lobe Epilepsy (TLE) is frequently a neurodevelopmental disorder, involving subcortical volume loss, cortical atrophy, and white matter (WM) disruption. However, few studies have addressed how these pathological changes in TLE relate to one another. In this study, we investigate spatial patterns of gray and white matter degeneration in TLE and evaluate the hypothesis that the relationship among these patterns varies as a function of the age at which seizures begin.

Perspectives of Pediatric Nephrologists, Intensivists and Nurses Regarding AKI Management and Expected Outcomes.

Background: Acute kidney injury (AKI) in critically ill children is associated with increased risk for short- and long-term adverse outcomes. Currently, there is no systematic follow-up for children who develop AKI in intensive care unit (ICU).

Objective: This study aimed to assess variation regarding management, perceived importance, and follow-up of AKI in the ICU setting within and between healthcare professional (HCP) groups.

Preoperative white matter network organization and memory decline after epilepsy surgery.

Objective: Risk for memory decline is a common concern for individuals with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) undergoing surgery. Global and local network abnormalities are well documented in TLE. However, it is less known whether network abnormalities predict postsurgical memory decline.

Infective Endocarditis in Adults With Congenital Heart Disease: Never Stop Digging-The Role of Multimodality Imaging.

A challenging case of infective endocarditis in a young woman with repaired tetralogy of Fallot and a diagnosis of ankylosing spondylitis is described. Despite the presence of multiple confounding factors, a multidisciplinary approach with the use of multimodality cardiac imaging allowed a correct diagnosis and effective medical treatment. ().

Bilingualism and Structural Network Organization in Temporal Lobe Epilepsy: Resilience in Neurologic Disease.

Background And Objectives: There is growing evidence that bilingualism can induce neuroplasticity and modulate neural efficiency, resulting in greater resistance to neurologic disease. However, whether bilingualism is beneficial to neural health in the presence of epilepsy is unknown. We tested whether bilingual individuals with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) have improved whole-brain structural white matter network organization.

ITA-IMMUNO-PET: The Role of [18F]FDG PET/CT for Assessing Response to Immunotherapy in Patients with Some Solid Tumors.

Aim: To examine the role of [18F]FDG PET/CT for assessing response to immunotherapy in patients with some solid tumors.

Methods: Data recorded in a multicenter ( = 17), retrospective database between March and November 2021 were analyzed. The sample included patients with a confirmed diagnosis of a solid tumor who underwent serial [18F]FDG PET/CT (before and after one or more cycles of immunotherapy), who were >18 years of age, and had a follow-up of at least 12 months after their first PET/CT scan.

Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor with or without immunosuppression reduction in neutropenic kidney transplant recipients.

Introduction: Neutropenia post-kidney transplantation is associated with adverse graft and patient outcomes. We aimed to analyze the effect of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) use with and without immunosuppression reduction on graft outcomes in neutropenic recipients.

Methods: In this retrospective cohort study, we identified 120 recipients with neutropenia, within the first-year post-transplant.

Cortical GABA levels are reduced in young adult binge drinkers: Association with recent alcohol consumption and sex.

Binge drinking refers to a pattern of alcohol intake that raises blood alcohol concentration to or above legal intoxication levels. It is common among young adults and is associated with health risks that scale up with alcohol intake. Acute intoxication depresses neural activity via complex signaling mechanisms by enhancing inhibition mediated by gamma-amino butyric acid (GABA), and by decreasing excitatory glutamatergic effects.

The Role of New Imaging Technologies in the Diagnosis of Cardiac Amyloidosis.

Cardiac amyloidosis is an infiltrative disorder caused by transthyretin or immunoglobulin free light-chain deposition, which determines clinical disease with similar phenotype but different time course, prognosis and therapy. Multimodality imaging is the cornerstone for disease diagnosis and management. Multimodality imaging has revolutionized the approach to the disease favoring its awareness and simplifying its diagnosis, especially in ATTR cardiac amyloidosis.

Local and network-level dysregulation of error processing is associated with binge drinking.

Binge drinking refers to the pattern of alcohol consumption that brings blood alcohol levels to or above legal intoxication levels. Commonly practiced by young adults, it is associated with neurofunctional alterations, raising health-related concerns. Executive deficits may contribute to the inability to refrain from excessive alcohol intake.