Breaking boundaries: A systematic review of the application of non-invasive brain stimulation symptoms and sleep parameters in people with ADHD.

Background: Studies of non-invasive treatments such as repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) and transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) can contribute in an alternative way to the symptoms treatment and changes in sleep patterns in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), due to some scientific evidence of action on cognition and clinical characteristics.

Aim: The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate studies of non-invasive brain stimulation using rTMS and tDCS on symptoms and sleep parameters in people with ADHD, in order to synthesize the main findings on intervention effects.

Methodology: A systematic review was carried out using the PRISMA protocol in the PubMed/Medline, Embase, PsycInfo, CINAHL, PEDro and Central-Cochrane library databases were initially carried out on 14 March 2024 and repeated until September 2024.

Computer-Based Gamified Tools for Facial Rehabilitation: A Scoping Review.

Motor rehabilitation in patients with facial disorders, such as facial paralysis (FP), has faced challenges in maintaining the patients' engagement and motivation in the intensive and repetitive execution of the exercises. To assist in the facial rehabilitation process, gamified tools (GTs) have been proposed to promote stimulation and engagement in affected patients. This study provides a comprehensive review on the use of GTs to aid facial rehabilitation, with the aim of investigating the potential of such computer-based tools to motivate facial mime exercises.

Comprehensive analysis of gastrointestinal side effects in COVID-19 patients undergoing combined pharmacological treatment with azithromycin and hydroxychloroquine: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.

During the COVID-19 pandemic, several drugs were repositioned and combined to quickly find a way to mitigate the effects of the infection. However, the adverse effects of these combinations on the gastrointestinal tract are unknown. We aimed investigate whether Hydroxychloroquine (HD), Azithromycin (AZ), and Ivermectin (IV) used in combination for the treatment of COVID-19, can lead to the development of gastrointestinal disorders.

Health Care Professional-Supported Co-Design of a Mime Therapy-Based Serious Game for Facial Rehabilitation.

This research letter presents the co-design process for RG4Face, a mime therapy-based serious game that uses computer vision for human facial movement recognition and estimation to help health care professionals and patients in the facial rehabilitation process.

Artificial Intelligence on Diagnostic Aid of Leprosy: A Systematic Literature Review.

Leprosy is a neglected tropical disease that can cause physical injury and mental disability. Diagnosis is primarily clinical, but can be inconclusive due to the absence of initial symptoms and similarity to other dermatological diseases. Artificial intelligence (AI) techniques have been used in dermatology, assisting clinical procedures and diagnostics.

Digital Phenotyping of Mental Health using multimodal sensing of multiple situations of interest: A Systematic Literature Review.

Many studies have used Digital Phenotyping of Mental Health (DPMH) to complement classic methods of mental health assessment and monitoring. This research area proposes innovative methods that perform multimodal sensing of multiple situations of interest (e.g.

A Telemedicine Platform for Aphasia: Protocol for a Development and Usability Study.

Background: Aphasia is a central disorder of comprehension and expression of language that cannot be attributed to a peripheral sensory deficit or a peripheral motor disorder. The diagnosis and treatment of aphasia are complex. Interventions that facilitate this process can lead to an increase in the number of assisted patients and greater precision in the therapeutic choice by the health professional.

Neural Networks to Recognize Patterns in Topographic Images of Cortical Electrical Activity of Patients with Neurological Diseases.

Software such as EEGLab has enabled the treatment and visualization of the tracing and cortical topography of the electroencephalography (EEG) signals. In particular, the topography of the cortical electrical activity is represented by colors, which make it possible to identify functional differences between cortical areas and to associate them with various diseases. The use of cortical topography with EEG origin in the investigation of diseases is often not used due to the representation of colors making it difficult to classify the disease.

Motor Rehabilitation of Upper Limbs Using a Gesture-Based Serious Game: Evaluation of Usability and User Experience.

Gesture-based serious games can be based on playful and interactive scenarios to enhance user engagement and experience during exercises, thereby increasing efficiency in the motor rehabilitation process. This study aimed to develop the (RG) as a complementary therapy tool for upper limb rehabilitation in clinics and home environments and to evaluate aspects of usability and user experience of it. The evaluation consisted of the use of a gesture-based serious game with motor rehabilitation sessions managed in a web platform.

Sensing Apps and Public Data Sets for Digital Phenotyping of Mental Health: Systematic Review.

Background: Mental disorders are normally diagnosed exclusively on the basis of symptoms, which are identified from patients' interviews and self-reported experiences. To make mental health diagnoses and monitoring more objective, different solutions have been proposed such as digital phenotyping of mental health (DPMH), which can expand the ability to identify and monitor health conditions based on the interactions of people with digital technologies.

Objective: This article aims to identify and characterize the sensing applications and public data sets for DPMH from a technical perspective.

A computer vision-based mobile tool for assessing human posture: A validation study.

Background And Objective: Non-invasive methods for postural assessment are tools used for tracking and monitoring the progression of postural deviations. Different computer-based methods have been used to assess human posture, including mobile applications based on images and sensors. However, such solutions still require manual identification of anatomical points.

Dempster-Shafer Theory for Modeling and Treating Uncertainty in IoT Applications Based on Complex Event Processing.

The Internet of Things (IoT) has emerged from the proliferation of mobile devices and objects connected, resulting in the acquisition of periodic event flows from different devices and sensors. However, such sensors and devices can be faulty or affected by failures, have poor calibration, and produce inaccurate data and uncertain event flows in IoT applications. A prominent technique for analyzing event flows is Complex Event Processing (CEP).

Recognizing Context-Aware Human Sociability Patterns Using Pervasive Monitoring for Supporting Mental Health Professionals.

Traditionally, mental health specialists monitor their patients' social behavior by applying subjective self-report questionnaires in face-to-face meetings. Usually, the application of the self-report questionnaire is limited by cognitive biases (e.g.

Mental health ubiquitous monitoring supported by social situation awareness: A systematic review.

Traditionally, the process of monitoring and evaluating social behavior related to mental health has based on self-reported information, which is limited by the subjective character of responses and various cognitive biases. Today, however, there is a growing amount of studies that have provided methods to objectively monitor social behavior through ubiquitous devices and have used this information to support mental health services. In this paper, we present a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) to identify, analyze and characterize the state of the art about the use of ubiquitous devices to monitor users' social behavior focused on mental health.

Can human posture and range of motion be measured automatically by smart mobile applications?

Human posture and Range of Motion (ROM) are important components of a physical assessment and, from the collected data, it is possible to identify postural deviations such as scoliosis or joint and muscle limitations, hence identifying risks of more serious injuries. Posture assessment and ROM measures are also necessary metrics to monitor the effect of treatments used in the motor rehabilitation of patients, as well as to monitor their clinical progress. These evaluation processes are more frequently performed through visual inspection and manual palpation, which are simple and low cost methods.

Time estimation exposure modifies cognitive aspects and cortical activity of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder adults.

Aim: This study investigated whether time-estimation task exposure influences the severity of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), as well as theta band activity in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and ventrolateral prefrontal cortex.

Material And Methods: Twenty-two patients with ADHD participated in a crossover experiment with a visual time-estimation task under control conditions (without exposure to time estimation tasks) and experimental (thirty days exposure to time-estimation tasks) in association with electroencephalographic analysis of theta band.

Results: ADHD patients with thirty days of time-estimation task exposure presented a worse performance of the time-estimation task, as revealed by the measurements of the absolute error and relative error ( ≤ 0.

Methylphenidate modifies activity in the prefrontal and parietal cortex accelerating the time judgment.

Methylphenidate produces its effects via actions on cortical areas involved with attention and working memory, which have a direct role in time estimation judgment tasks. In particular, the prefrontal and parietal cortex has been the target of several studies to understand the effect of methylphenidate on executive functions and time interval perception. However, it has not yet been studied whether acute administration of methylphenidate influences performance in time estimation task and the changes in alpha band absolute power in the prefrontal and parietal cortex.