Enhancing detection of various pancreatic lesions on endoscopic ultrasound through artificial intelligence: a basis for computer-aided detection systems.

Background And Aim: Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) is the most sensitive method for evaluation of pancreatic lesions but is limited by significant operator dependency. Artificial intelligence (AI), in the form of computer-aided detection (CADe) systems, has shown potential in increasing accuracy and bridging operator dependency in several endoscopic domains. However, the complexity of integrating AI into EUS is far more challenging.

[TEN-HOUR INTERMITTENT FASTING PLUS MEDITERRANEAN DIET VERSUS MEDITERRANEAN DIET ALONE FOR TREATMENT OF NONALCOHOLIC FATTY LIVER DISEASE (NAFLD)].

Introduction: Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) has become the leading cause of liver morbidity. The Mediterranean diet can improve NAFLD and may be offered as treatment. Intermittent fasting has been shown to improve aspects of the metabolic syndrome, but its effect on NAFLD is inconclusive.

A computer-aided polyp detection system in screening and surveillance colonoscopy: an international, multicentre, randomised, tandem trial.

Background: Studies on the effect of computer-aided detection (CAD) in a daily clinical screening and surveillance colonoscopy population practice are scarce. The aim of this study was to evaluate a novel CAD system in a screening and surveillance colonoscopy population.

Methods: This multicentre, randomised, controlled trial was done in ten hospitals in Europe, the USA, and Israel by 31 endoscopists.

Increased Risk of Celiac Disease in Patients with Uveitis.

Purpose: To examine whether patients with non-infectious uveitis (NIU) are at increased risk for celiac disease (CeD).

Methods: Celiac antibody testing was completed in 112 patients. The control group included patients who had undergone upper endoscopy for suspicion of CeD.

Impact of Pregnancy on Weight Loss After Endoscopic Sleeve Gastroplasty.

Purpose: Obesity and pregnancy are strictly related: on the one hand, obesity-one of the most common comorbidities in women of reproductive age-contributes to infertility and obesity-related pregnancy complications, whereas pregnancy is a condition in which, physiologically, the pregnant woman undergoes weight gain. Endoscopic sleeve gastroplasty (ESG) may be used for the treatment of obesity in women of childbearing age.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted to evaluate weight trajectories, the evolution of obesity-related comorbidities, and lifestyle modification in women who became pregnant after ESG.

Treatment of esophagogastric junction outflow obstruction with concomitant hypercontractile esophagus: A case series.

Hypercontractile esophagus with concomitant esophagogastric junction outflow obstruction (EGJOO) is a rare entity that is characterized by both esophageal hypercontractility and lack of relaxation of the EGJ. The clinical characteristics of these patients are not well-described and there is no strict recommendation regarding the treatment of this condition. We report four cases of patients with hypercontractile esophagus and concomitant to EGJOO.

Endoscopic Ultrasound-guided Radiofrequency Ablation Versus Surgical Resection for Treatment of Pancreatic Insulinoma.

Background & Aims: Endoscopic ultrasound-guided radiofrequency ablation (EUS-RFA) is emerging as a safe and effective treatment for pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors. We aimed to compare EUS-RFA and surgical resection for the treatment of pancreatic insulinoma (PI).

Methods: Patients with sporadic PI who underwent EUS-RFA at 23 centers or surgical resection at 8 high-volume pancreatic surgery institutions between 2014 and 2022 were retrospectively identified and outcomes compared using a propensity-matching analysis.

Post-POEM Contrast-Enhanced Swallow Study: Is It Always Necessary?

Background: Peroral endoscopic myotomy (POEM) is rapidly becoming the procedure of choice for treating esophageal achalasia. In most centers, contrast-enhanced swallow studies (CESS) are routinely performed postoperatively to confirm mucosal integrity. The aim of this study was to determine the necessity of performing these studies routinely after POEM.

Ashkenazi Jewish and Other White I1307K Carriers Are at Higher Risk for Multiple Cancers.

Purpose: APC I1307K has a higher prevalence among Ashkenazi Jews (AJ), and a two-fold increased risk for colorectal cancer (CRC) compared to non-Jewish populations. We assessed CRC and extracolonic malignancies among I1307K carriers from AJ and non-AJ whites (NAW). Methods: We compared the rate of I1307K in cancer patients who underwent germline genetic testing via a multi-gene panel with healthy subjects retrieved from the gnomAD database.

The effect of atrophied pancreas as shown in the preoperative imaging on the leakage rate after pancreaticoduodenectomy.

Backgrounds/aims: The soft texture of the pancreas parenchyma may influence the incidence of pancreatic leakage after pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD). One possible method to assess pancreatic texture and atrophy, is via computed tomography (CT) scan of the abdomen. The purpose of our study was to evaluate the relation between the preoperative CT scan and the incidence of pancreatic fistula after PD.

The Association Between Proton Pump Inhibitors and COVID-19 is Confounded by Hyperglycemia in a Population-Based Study.

There is conflicting evidence regarding the association between proton pump inhibitors (PPI) and the risk of acquisition and severity of acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. To evaluate the association between PPI exposure and infection and development of severe disease in patients infected with SARS-CoV2in a large population-based historical cohort. Data were extracted from a health maintenance organization database in Israel that insures over 1,200,000 individuals from across the country.

Gastrointestinal manifestations of synthetic cannabinoids: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: Synthetic cannabinoids (SC) are chemical substances which activate cannabinoid receptors similarly to tetrahydrocannabinol, but with a higher efficacy. These substances are used as illicit recreational drugs, often smoked as herbal mixtures. The continuing availability and rapid evolution of SC is an ongoing health risk.

The POEM bottom-up technique for achalasia.

Background: POEM (Per Oral Endoscopic Myotomy) is rapidly becoming a valid option for surgical myotomy in achalasia patients. Several techniques to perform POEM are described, but all concentrate on the division of the circular muscle fibers in a proximal-to-distal fashion. Our aim is to present the distal-to-proximal, or the bottom-up technique using the Flush/Dual knife, which overcomes the disadvantages of the standard technique.

Reproductive Outcomes Among Women of Childbearing Age with Achalasia After Peroral Endoscopic Myotomy: A Single-Center Experience.

Achalasia may occasionally occur among women of childbearing age. Pregnancy may lead to deterioration of the disease and negatively affect maternal and perinatal outcomes. However, the impact of peroral endoscopic myotomy (POEM) on reproductive outcomes has been understudied.

Long-term outcomes in MEN-1 patients with pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms: an Israeli specialist center experience.

Purpose: The decreased life expectancy of MEN-1 patients is mainly related to pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (pNETs). At best, limited data is available on the natural history of MEN-1-associated pNETs, as these tumors are rare and have a wide range of biologic behavior. Our study aims to explore the clinical course of patients with MEN-1-associated pNETs and the long-term outcomes.

Inflammatory bowel disease patient profiles are related to specific information needs: A nationwide survey.

Background: Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) is a heterogenous, lifelong disease, with an unpredictable and potentially progressive course, that may impose negative psychosocial impact on patients. While informed patients with chronic illness have improved adherence and outcomes, previous research showed that the majority of IBD patients receive insufficient information regarding their disease. The large heterogeneity of IBD and the wide range of information topics makes a one-size fits all knowledge resource overwhelming and cumbersome.

Clinical and Radiologic Characteristics of Intra-Abdominal Fistulizing Crohn's Disease.

Background: Few studies describe the radiological and laboratory characteristics of patients with Crohn's disease (CD) with intra-abdominal fistulae.

Objectives: We aimed to describe a cohort of CD patients with intra-abdominal fistulae and determine characteristics associated with complex fistulae.

Methods: Data were gathered from medical records and imaging studies of patients.

Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Radiofrequency Ablation: A New Therapeutic Approach for Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors.

Context: Endoscopic ultrasound-guided radiofrequency ablation (EUS-RFA) is rapidly emerging as feasible therapy for patients with pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (pNETs) in selected cases, as a result of its favorable safety profile.

Objective: To assess the feasibility, safety, and efficacy of EUS-RFA in a cohort of patients with functional and nonfunctional pNETs (NF-pNETs).

Design: Data on pNET patients treated with EUS-RFA between March 2017 and October 2018 at two tertiary centers was retrospectively analyzed.

[PER-ORAL ENDOSCOPIC MYOTOMY - SUMMARY OF FIVE YEARS EXPERIENCE].

Introduction: Esophageal achalasia is a rare condition, characterised by progressive dysphagia due to innervation of the esophageal muscles and non-relaxation of the lower esophageal sphincter. The standard of care of surgical treatment is laparoscopic Heller myotomy. POEM-Peroral endoscopic myotomy is a new approach offering incision-less and selective myotomy.

A Validated Score Assessing the Risk of an Intra-Abdominal Abscess in Patients with Crohn's Disease Presenting at the Emergency Department.

Background And Aims: A majority of acutely ill Crohn's disease [CD] patients who present to Emergency Department [ED] will undergo an abdominal CT to rule out disease complications. We aimed to generate a simple non-invasive scoring model to predict the presence of an intra-abdominal abscess in CD patients in the ED.

Methods: We performed a retrospective case-control study at four Israeli hospitals from January 1, 2010 to May 30, 2018.

Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Angiotherapy for Gastric Varices: A Single Center Experience.

There are limited efficacious therapeutic options for management of gastric variceal bleeding. Treatment modalities include transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt, surgical shunts, and endoscopic interventions, including the recent advancement of endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)-guided coiling. We present a case series of 10 patients with portal hypertension (7 with liver cirrhosis and 3 without cirrhosis), complicated by gastric varices (GV) with bleeding.