The Effect of Music on Operative Anxiety markers in patients undergoing Cataract Surgery: Adual centre cross-sectional comparative study.

Objective: To determine the effect of intraoperative music on various markers of anxiety among adult patients undergoing small incision cataract surgery.

Methods: This was a hospital-based, age-sex matched, comparative cross-sectional study of consenting 144 adult participants aged 46 years and above with operable, age-related cataracts undergoing small incision cataract surgery under local anaesthesia in two ophthalmic centres. All participants were allotted into two equal groups consisting of 72 participants in the experimental group (exposed to music of their choice) and 72 participants in the control group (no music exposure).

Clinico-cytological analysis of conjunctiva and ocular surface symptoms of patients on topical anti-glaucoma medications attending Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Lagos, Nigeria: A case-control study.

Background: The long-term use of topical anti-glaucoma medications is often associated with ocular surface toxicity that can affect the patient's drug compliance and quality of life. This study assessed the effect of these medications, using cytological changes of the conjunctiva and ocular surface symptoms.

Materials And Methods: This was a clinic-based, case-control study that was conducted at the Lagos University Teaching Hospital that compared glaucoma patients on topical medications with age-sex-matched controls.

Prevalence of Presbyopia, Near-spectacle Use and Near Vision Spectacle Coverage among Cosmetologists in Mushin Local Government Area of Lagos State, Nigeria.

Objective: To determine the prevalence of presbyopia, near vision spectacle use, and near vision spectacle coverage among cosmetologists in Mushin Local Government Area of Lagos State with the view of creating awareness, improving productivity and quality of life.

Materials And Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study, conducted among 251 cosmetologists aged ≥ 30 years. All participants had a standardized protocol including visual acuity assessment (distance and near), anterior and posterior segment examinations, and refraction.

Sub-specialization among Nigerian ophthalmologists: status, disposition and barriers.

Purpose: To determine the status of sub-specialization among Nigerian ophthalmologists as well as their dispositions and barriers against sub-specialization with a view to providing valuable information for the purpose of human resources for eye care planning thereby providing useful insight into the future of ophthalmic practice in Nigeria.

Methods: This was a web-based, cross-sectional study conducted among ophthalmologists in Nigeria. An online questionnaire was distributed through e-mails using Qualtrics software (Qualtrics, Provo, UT, USA).

Assessment of eye drop instillation techniques among patients with primary open angle glaucoma in a Nigerian tertiary hospital.

Purpose: To assess the technique of eye drop instillation and its determinants among patients with primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) attending a Nigerian tertiary hospital.

Methods: This study was a cross-sectional observational study conducted among 130 participants. Systematic sampling technique was used.

Prevalence and causes of visual impairment among hearing impaired students in Lagos, Nigeria.

Objectives: To determine the prevalence and causes of visual impairment in hearing-impaired students in Lagos, Nigeria and to assess their level of ophthalmic care utilization.

Methods: Descriptive cross sectional study carried out in a primary school for hearing impaired students in Lagos, Nigeria. Socio-demographic characteristics, medical and ocular history were obtained.

Is primary open-angle glaucoma a risk factor for diabetic retinopathy?

Purpose: To compare the prevalences of diabetic retinopathy in diabetes mellitus patients, with and without primary open-angle glaucoma, with a view to determine if glaucoma is a risk factor for the development of diabetic retinopathy.

Methods: Cross-sectional, comparative study consisting of 86 diabetic patients with glaucoma matched with 86 diabetic patients without glaucoma. The two groups were matched by age, sex and duration of diabetes mellitus.

Relationship between corneal sensitivity and diabetic retinopathy among diabetics attending a Nigerian Teaching Hospital.

Purpose: To determine the relationship between corneal sensitivity and diabetic retinopathy among diabetics attending Lagos University Teaching Hospital, compared to their age-sex-matched non-diabetics, with a view to proposing its use as a screening tool for diabetic retinopathy.

Methods: The study was a hospital-based comparative cross-sectional study among diabetics aged 25-65 years and their age-sex-matched non-diabetics at Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Lagos, Nigeria. Interviewer-based questionnaire was administered.

Correlation between clinical and cytological parameters of dry eye among diabetics in a Nigerian tertiary hospital.

Purpose: To correlate the clinico-cytological features of dry eye among diabetic patients attending Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Lagos.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional, comparative study among 104 diabetic and 104 age-/sex-matched non-diabetic participants. Demographics were obtained using interviewer-administered questionnaire.

Ocular manifestations of leukaemia: A teaching hospital experience.

Background: Knowledge of the ophthalmic manifestations of leukaemia is important not only because of the frequency with which changes are seen but because the eye often reflects the disease state of the illness, and once identified, prompt referral, early treatment can be instigated, blindness can be averted and a life may be saved. These manifestations are often overlooked because of the underestimation of the magnitude of the ocular sequelae which may be blinding.

Aim: This study aims to describe the ophthalmic findings in adult leukaemic patients at two teaching hospitals in Lagos, Nigeria.

Ocular morbidity and utilisation of protective eyewear among carpenters in Mushin local government, Lagos, Nigeria.

Context: Proper use of protective eyewear (PEW) is important in the prevention of occupational eye injury.

Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the ocular morbidity and utilisation of PEW among carpenters in Mushin Local Government, Lagos, with a view to promoting ocular health and safety in the workplace.

Subject And Methods: This was a cross-sectional study of one hundred and fourteen (114) carpenters that were enrolled into the study.

Outcome of training of maternal and child health workers in Ifo Local Government Area, Ogun State, Nigeria, on common childhood blinding diseases: a pre-test, post-test, one-group quasi-experimental study.

Background: Maternal and child health workers (MCHWs) are often the first point of contact with pregnant women, children, and caregivers. Therefore, they can play a significant role in early detection of causes of childhood blindness, facilitate prompt referral to specialized centers and provide health education to caregivers for preventive eye care.

Methods: This is a pre-test, post-test, single group, quasi-experimental study to evaluate the outcome of training MCHWs on common blinding childhood diseases.

Visual impairment and ocular morbidities among schoolchildren in Southwest, Nigeria.

Aim: The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of visual impairment and ocular morbidities among primary and secondary schoolchildren aged 5 years to
Materials And Methods: The study was a population-based descriptive cross-sectional study conducted among schoolchildren aged 5 years to <16 years old attending primary and secondary schools in Ifo, Ifo Local Government Area of Ogun State. Multistage sampling technique was used for the study.

Pattern of childhood visual impairment and blindness among students in schools for the visually impaired in Lagos State: An update.

Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the pattern of childhood visual impairment and blindness (VI and BL) among students attending schools for the visually impaired in Lagos State, with a view to providing information on avoidable causes as well as emerging trends that would be useful to policy-makers for the planning and implementation of strategies for the control of avoidable childhood BL in Lagos State.

Subjects And Methods: The study was conducted among students enrolled in two schools for the visually impaired in Lagos State who developed VI/BL before the age of 16 years. Participants and their parents/guardians were interviewed to obtain medical history.

Prevalence and pattern of amblyopia among primary school pupils in Kosofe town, Lagos state, Nigeria.

Objective: The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence and pattern of amblyopia in primary school pupils in Kosofe town of Lagos State with a view to providing baseline data that may facilitate the establishment of routine school eye screening programs in primary schools in Lagos State.

Materials And Methods: A descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted among pupils from public and private primary schools in Kosofe town. The pupils underwent visual acuity assessment with the HOTV charts, detailed ocular examinations and cycloplegic refractions.

Two cases of Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada's disease in sub-Saharan Africa.

Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada's (VKH) disease has been reported to be rare in sub-Saharan Africa. Two Nigerians with the disease are presented in this report. The first patient, a 32-year-old pregnant Nigerian woman presented with a 1-month history of bilateral blurring of vision, persistent headache, and alopecia.

Presbyopia and near spectacle correction coverage among public school teachers in Ifo Township, South-West Nigeria.

Background: Presbyopia is an age-related loss of lens accommodation resulting in difficulty in performing near task with attendant effect on the quality of life.

Objective: The objective of the study was to determine the prevalence of presbyopia and presbyopic spectacle correction coverage among public school teachers in Ifo township, with a view to providing a baseline information that could be useful for advocacy and planning appropriate intervention.

Study Design: The study was a descriptive, cross-sectional study.

Indications for destructive eye surgeries at a Nigerian tertiary eye care centre: A ten-year review.

Background: Destructive eye surgeries are terminal treatment modalities for some ophthalmic conditions with psychological, emotional and cosmetic implications, especially for the patients and their relatives.

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the frequency and indications for destructive eye surgeries at an Eye Centre of a Nigerian Tertiary Hospital with a view to identifying the preventable indications for which appropriate preventive measures could be recommended.

Patients And Methods: A retrospective, descriptive study of all patients who underwent evisceration, enucleation or exenteration at the Guinness Eye Centre, Lagos University Teaching Hospital from January 2003 to December 2012 was performed.

Nucleus drop during small incision cataract surgery: A report of four cases.

Small incision cataract surgery (SICS) offers the benefits of a phacoemulsification (phaco) surgery without the attendant high cost, but it is not without certain risk such as nucleus drop into the vitreous as seen in phaco. A retrospective study of SICS and associated factors leading to nucleus drop during surgery, challenges of management and the visual outcomes. Of 793 eye surgeries performed during the study 586 were SICSs.

Retinopathy of prematurity and associated factors in Lagos, Nigeria.

Background: Screening and early treatment of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is important to reduce visual impairment in at risk infants.

Aim: To determine the frequency and risk factors associated with ROP in preterm infants in Lagos University Teaching Hospital.

Methods: This was a prospective cohort study of preterm infants with gestational age (GA) less than 32 weeks and birthweight 1500 g or less conducted from November 2011 to May 2014.

Visual acuity, safe/unsafe practices and self-reported road traffic crash experiences among commuter bus drivers from two motor parks in Lagos, Nigeria.

Background: Road Traffic injuries remain a significant public health problem with serious health and economic implications. This study was conducted to determine visual acuity, safety practices and road traffic crash (RTC) experiences of commercial bus drivers in Lagos, Nigeria.

Methods: This cross-sectional study involved visual acuity screening and interviewer- administered questionnaire survey.

The Pattern of Uveitis In An African Tertiary Eye Care Centre.

Objective: To determine the pattern of presentation of uveitis at the Guinness Eye Centre of the Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Lagos, Nigeria.

Materials And Methods: The case files of all patients with the diagnosis of uveitis who presented at the center from January 2006 to December 2010 were reviewed. Data on age, sex, ethnicity, symptoms, duration of symptoms before presentation, eye affected, anatomical type of uveitis and clinical type of uveitis were extracted onto a form for analysis.

Central corneal thickness changes following manual small incision cataract surgery.

Aim: To determine changes in post-cataract surgery central corneal thickness (CCT) at Lagos University Teaching Hospital by assessing the time it takes for the cornea to return to its preoperative thickness value.

Methods: This study is a prospective, hospital-based open within-patient controlled study with the unoperated eye controlling for the operated one.

Results: Two hundred patients with 400 eyes were analyzed, with bilateral mature cataract in 47.

A ten year review of diabetic retinopathy at the Guinness Eye Centre, Lagos University Teaching Hospital (LUTH), Idi-Araba, Lagos.

Background: Diabetic retinopathy is an important complication of diabetes mellitus, which may lead to blindness.

Objective: The study is to analyze posterior segment lesions in Diabetes Mellitus patients seen in Guinness Eye Centre, Lagos University Teaching Hospital in relation to the number, duration and severity.

Methods: All the case files of Diabetes Mellitus patients seen during the period of study were retrieved and data extracted from them were analyzed.

Hydrocephalus and the eyes: a teaching hospital experience.

Background: The eye developes from prosencephalon, the primitive forebrain and hence share similar embryonic origin with brain. This gives insight into primary or secondary involvement of eyes in intra-cranial pathology.

Objective: The study was done to describe ocular findings in hydrocephalus patients and effect of intervention on the complications.