Auto-expandable metallic ureteral stents for complex ureteral stenosis: long term outcomes in a tertiary institution.

Introduction: Auto-expandable ureteral stents can be an alternative to percutaneous nephrostomy (PCN) in refractory ureteral stenosis. Our aim is to analyse results and complications of ureteral stents in our centre.

Methods: Retrospective review of OptiMed® expandable ureteral stents placed in our centre (1996-2022).

The challenging management of malignant ureteral obstruction: Analysis of a series of 188 cases.

Background: Malignant ureteral obstruction (MUO) is a common condition that complicates the course of advanced malignancies. The aims of this study are to analyze the causes, management, and survival of patients with obstructive nephropathy due to malignant ureteric obstruction and to determine prognostic factors. Furthermore, we studied the complications and outcomes in patients who underwent urinary diversion.

Is extracorporeal lithotripsy a first-line treatment for urinary stones today?

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and complications of extracorporeal lithotripsy (SWL) as a first-line treatment for renal and ureteral stones METHODS: Retrospective and observational study of all the patients treated with lithotripsy in a third level center between January 2014 and January 2021; characteristics of the patients, the stones, complications and results of SWL is recollected. Multivariate logistic regression of the factors associated with stone size reduction was performed. A statistical analysis of the factors associated with additional treatment after SWL and factors associated with complications is also executed.

Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy for lower calyx stones: predicting treatment success.

Introduction: The use of extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) for lower calyx stones is associated with a high rate of residual fragments. Our aim is to analyse the effectiveness and complications of ESWL for lower calyx stones.

Methods: Retrospective review of patients with lower renal calyx stones treated with ESWL between January-2014 and December-2020.

Lessons learned after the disruption caused by COVID-19 in the management of urolithiasis: An example of adaptation in a high-volume center.

Background: The aim was to determine the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on urolithiasis presentation and management.

Methods: In this retrospective study, we comparatively evaluated urgent and elective procedures due to urolithiasis during the early eight months of the COVID-19 pandemic (March 1, 2020, to October 31, 2020) compared to the same period a year before, and between waves. The student's t-test, chi-square test, Mann-Whitney U test and Fisher's exact test were used to compare the patients' characteristics and outcomes between the two periods and waves.

Kidney Autotransplantation and Orthotopic Kidney Transplantation: Two Different Approaches for Complex Cases.

Introduction: Transplantation surgery teams often have to face complex cases. In certain circumstances, such as occlusion of the iliac vessels or prior pelvic surgery, heterotopic kidney transplantation may not be feasible and orthotopic kidney transplantation (OKT) could be a good alternative. Kidney autotransplantation (KAT) has been described as a potential treatment for complex renovascular, ureteral, or neoplastic conditions.

[Lessons learned after the disruption caused by COVID-19 in the management of urolithiasis: An example of adaptation in a high-volume center].

Introduction: The aim was to determine the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on urolithiasis presentation and management.

Methods: In this retrospective study, we comparatively evaluated urgent and elective procedures due to urolithiasis during the early 8 months of the COVID-19 pandemic (March 1, 2020, to October 31, 2020) compared to the same period a year before, and between waves. Fisher's exact test, Student's t-test, chi-square test and Mann-Whitney U test were used to compare the patients' characteristics and outcomes between the 2 periods and waves.

Metabolic syndrome in calcium oxalate stones: Is it so important in this type of lithiasis?

Introduction And Objective: The association of the metabolic syndrome with lithogenesis has been described, especially in uric acid stones. The aim of the work was to analyze the role of the metabolic syndrome in oxalocalcic lithogenesis.

Materials And Methods: Metabolic evaluation of 151 patients including biochemical, hormonal and 24-urine urine parameters, as well as characteristics associated with metabolic syndrome.

Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis: a focus on microbiological and antibiotic resistance profiles.

Background: Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis (XGP) is an inflammatory condition of the kidney and its treatment most often involves a combination of antibiotics and nephrectomy. This study aimed to define the clinical features and management of XGP, focusing on microbiological aspects and antibiotic therapy.

Methods: We performed a retrospective study of 27 cases of XGP diagnosed between January 2001 and January 2020 to analyse their clinical and management characteristics.

Spontaneous urinoma debuting as retroperitoneal abscess: report of 2 cases and literature review.

Spontaneous urinoma is a urological entity that can be complicated by a retroperitoneal abscess. Urinoma can be iatrogenic, traumatic, or can be caused by obstructive uropathy. We report two cases of spontaneous urinomas, describing a not previously published cause of urinoma: pyeloureteritis.

Intraparenchymal renal artery pseudoaneurysm following nephrostomy tube insertion in a patient with a solitary kidney: A case report.

Intraparenchymal renal artery aneurysms are uncommon and represent less than 10% of all renal artery aneurysms. They are caused by trauma or iatrogenic injury, and their rupture can lead to life-threatening hemorrhage. We report the case of a 48-year-old male with history of left solitary kidney and orthotopic neobladder, who presented with massive hematuria 7 days after nephrostomy tube placement because of obstructive uropathy and acute renal failure due to ureteroileal stricture.

Well-Leg Compartment Syndrome After Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy in the Galdakao-Modified Supine Valdivia Position.

Purpose: The objective is to present a case of well-leg compartment syndrome in the Galdakao-modified supine Valdivia position.

Results: The case of a 32-year-old male, obese (105 Kg) and a former smoker is presented. The patient was positioned in the Galdakao-modified supine Valdivia position, with lower limbs bandaged, to perform a right percutaneous nephrolithotomy.

Long-term results of the treatment of complex ureteral stenosis with extra-anatomic ureteral bypasses.

Introduction: Complex ureteral obstruction is a pathology that has always been a challenge for the urologist, especially in patients with high surgical risk or with a short life expectancy.

Material And Methods: Between 2002 and 2017, 13 extra-anatomical bypasses were placed. A descriptive retrospective study was carried out.

[Evaluation of the PI-RADSv2 classification in a cohort of patients who underwent a prostate fusion biopsy.].

Introduction: Prostate Fusion biopsy (MRI + prostate ultrasound) is described in literature as superior to classic random transrectal biopsy in order to identify suspicious lesion.

Objectives: To evaluate the Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System (PI-RADS) proposed by the European Society of Urogenital Radiology (ESUR) for detection of prostate cancer by multiparametric MRI in a consecutive cohort of patients with MRI and transrectal ultrasound prostate fusion-guided biopsy.

Material And Methods: 87 patients with suspected Prostatic Cancer on prostate MRI underwent fusion transperineal prostate biopsy in our Department.

Urinary sepsis after endourological ureterorenoscopy for the treatment of lithiasis.

Objective: To evaluate the incidence, clinical presentation and factors associated with the development of urinary sepsis after performing ureterorenoscopy.

Material And Methods: Retrospective study of patients undergoing ureterorenoscopy for the treatment of lithiasis between July 2015 and October 2017. Patients who developed urinary sepsis during the 30 days following the intervention were identified.

Comparison between percutaneous nephrolithotomy and flexible ureteroscopy for the treatment of 2 and 3cm renal lithiasis.

Context And Objectives: The first-line treatment for >2cm lithiasis is percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PNL), leaving flexible ureteroscopy (fURS) as a second option. In the present review, the stone-free rate and the complications of both techniques were evaluated in the treatment of 2-3cm stones.

Material And Methods: Systematic review of studies that compared both techniques.

Cryotherapy versus high-intensity focused ultrasound for treating prostate cancer: Oncological and functional results.

Context And Objective: The increasingly early diagnosis of prostate cancer requires a search for therapeutic alternatives with good oncological results that in turn facilitate a good long-term quality of life. This review analyses 2 minimally invasive therapies for treating localised prostate cancer in terms of oncological and functional results, as well as the complications resulting from the therapies.

Acquisition Of Evidence: A systematic literature review was conducted of the treatment of localised prostate cancer with 2 ablative techniques as the primary therapy: cryosurgery or cryotherapy and high intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU).

Cryotherapy for primary treatment of prostate cancer: intermediate term results of a prospective study from a single institution.

Purpose. Published data about cryotherapy for prostate cancer (PC) treatment are based on case series with a lack of clinical trials and the inexistence of a validated definition of biochemical failure. A prospective study with standardized followup protocol was conducted in our institution.

Bibliographic review about the usefulness of ultrasound contrast media in the study of renal masses.

Objectives: The microbubbles enhanced ultrasound contrast is a novel technique that informs us in real time of renal perfusion and microcirculation.

Method: We reviewed the literature about its use in the study of renal masses in order to show their actual clinical performance in this condition.

Result: This technique is useful in the differential diagnosis of pseudotumors, characterization and monitoring of small renal masses, the study of complex renal cysts and controlling the progression of renal masses that underwent ablative treatments.

[Testicular ultrasonography].

Objectives: To review the contribution of ultrasound to the differential diagnosis of scrotal pathology, both testicular and adnexal.

Methods: We performed a bibliographic review on the topic, adding the experience of our Unit over the years; we classified the pathology in testicular and extratesticular, separating liquid and solid lesions, and a miscellaneous group of unclassifiable cases.

Results: Currently, ultrasonography with high frequency equipment allows not only to differentiate between intra and extratesticular lesions, but also to identify specific lesions, the manage of which may include follow-up without need of unavoidable surgery.

[The role of transrectal ultrasound on prostatic cryotherapy and brachytherapy].

Transrectal ultrasound is the method that gives a direct image of the prostate, its limits, structural and morphologic anomalies, and anatomical relations. Therefore, prostate volume is easily determined, being the first step for the application of certain therapeutic procedures. Prostatic cryotherapy and brachytherapy have been developed over the last years as minimally invasive options for the treatment of prostate cancer.

[Transrectal ultrasound-guided prostatic biopsy: contribution of an ultrasound diagnostic unit after ten years of experience].

Objectives: Although transrectal ultrasound-guided (TRUS) prostatic biopsy is the procedure of choice for the diagnosis of prostate cancer (PC), neither the ideal number of cores nor the number of repeated biopsies, nor the required diagnostic yield have been established. After our experience of ten years with TRUS biopsy we perform a review of the technique and its indications.

Methods: PSA, ultrasound features, and pathologic data of 6000 patients undergoing modified sextant TRUS biopsy between 1994 to December 2002 were collected.