Light scattering in intraocular lenses explanted 15 to 40 years after surgery.

The optical quality of intraocular lenses (IOLs) of different materials that have been implanted from 16 to 44 years in human eyes was studied. The IOLs were explanted due to other causes than loss of transparency. The scattered light from the IOLs was assessed in two angular regimes by using dark field images (for wide angles) and the optical integration method (for narrower angles).

Long-Term Outcomes of Patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019 at One Year after Hospital Discharge.

Background: The long-term effects of COVID-19 remain largely unclear. This study aims to investigate post-acute health consequences and mortality one year after hospital discharge.

Methods: All surviving adult patients who were discharged after hospital admission due to acute COVID-19 in the first wave of the pandemic underwent a comprehensive interview.

Assessing threats, regulations, and strategies to abate plastic pollution in LAC beaches during COVID-19 pandemic.

Plastic use and production have dramatically increased globally over the past 65 years with the improvement of life quality by the daily use of plastic products. Still, around 50% of the plastic produced is disposable products that generate substantial waste. Several reports pointed out the adverse effects of plastic litter in coastal environments in recent years, emphasizing single-use plastics (SUP).

Minor alterations in the intestinal microbiota composition upon Rotavirus infection do not affect susceptibility to DSS colitis.

Viral triggers at the intestinal mucosa can have multiple global effects on intestinal integrity, causing elevated intestinal barrier strength and relative protection from subsequent inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) induction in various models. As viruses can interfere with the intestinal immune system both directly and indirectly through commensal bacteria, cause-effect relationships are difficult to define. Due to the complexity of putatively causative factors, our understanding of such virus-mediated protection is currently very limited.

Dietary habits in patients with fibromyalgia: a cross-sectional study.

Objectives: To the scarce information on dietary habits in fibromyalgia (FM), it is added that there are no comparative studies with other rheumatic diseases. The objective of this study was to characterise the dietary habits of patients with FM by comparing, for the first time, with healthy controls (HC) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA).

Methods: This cross-sectional, observational study was based on data obtained from the Dietfibrom project for FM and from the IMID Consortium for RA and HC.

Novel Nonnucleoside Inhibitors of Zika Virus Polymerase Identified through the Screening of an Open Library of Antikinetoplastid Compounds.

Zika virus (ZIKV) is a mosquito-borne pathogen responsible for neurological disorders (Guillain-Barré syndrome) and congenital malformations (microcephaly). Its ability to cause explosive epidemics, such as that of 2015 to 2016, urges the identification of effective antiviral drugs. Viral polymerase inhibitors constitute one of the most successful fields in antiviral research.

The impact of aquaculture on the genetics and distribution of the onuphid annelid .

Aim: Evolutionary history of natural populations can be confounded by human intervention such as the case of decorator worm species (Onuphidae), which have a history of being transported through anthropogenic activities. Because they build tubes and act as ecosystem engineers, they can have a large impact on the overall ecosystem in which they occur. One conspicuous member, , which was only described in 2012, has a fragmented distribution that includes the Bay of Biscay and the Normanno-Breton Gulf in the English Channel.

Proton pump inhibitor therapy reverses endoscopic features of fibrosis in eosinophilic esophagitis.

Background: Long-standing inflammation leads to esophageal remodeling with stricture formation in patients with eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE). The ability of proton pump inhibitors (PPI) to reverse endoscopic features of fibrosis is still unknown.

Objective: To investigate the effect of a short course of PPI treatment in reducing endoscopic findings indicative of esophageal fibrosis in EoE patients.

Altered effective connectivity of the reward network during an incentive-processing task in adults with alcohol use disorder.

Background: Abnormalities of reward sensitivity and impulsivity are known to be correlated with each other and alcohol use disorder (AUD) risk, but the underlying aberrant neural circuitry involved is not clearly defined. We sought to extend the current knowledge of AUD pathophysiology by studying incentive processing in persons with AUD using functional neuroimaging data.

Methods: We utilized functional MRI data from the Human Connectome Project Database obtained during performance of a number-guessing incentive-processing task with win, loss, and neutral feedback conditions in 78 participants with either DSM-IV alcohol abuse or dependence (combined as the AUD group) and 78 age- and sex-matched control (CON) participants.

Akt Kinase Intervenes in Flavivirus Replication by Interacting with Viral Protein NS5.

Arthropod-borne flaviviruses, such as Zika virus (ZIKV), Usutu virus (USUV), and West Nile virus (WNV), are a growing cause of human illness and death around the world. Presently, no licensed antivirals to control them are available and, therefore, search for broad-spectrum antivirals, including host-directed compounds, is essential. The PI3K/Akt pathway controls essential cellular functions involved in cell metabolism and proliferation.

All That Glitters Is Not Gold: The Other Insects That Fall into the Asian Yellow-Legged Hornet 'Specific' Traps.

The introduction of invasive species is considered one of the major threats to the biodiversity conservation worldwide. In recent years, an Asian invasive species of wasp has set off alarms in Europe and elsewhere in the world, . The Asian wasp was accidentally introduced in France around 2004 and shortly thereafter it was able to colonise practically all of Europe, including the Iberian Peninsula.

Utilizing the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) as an Autism Spectrum Disorder Preliminary Screener and Outcome Measure for the PEERS® Intervention for Autistic Adolescents.

Exploration of potential preliminary screeners, and examination of social intervention outcomes for effects on comorbid symptoms is imperative. The Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL; Achenbach & Rescorla, Achenbach and Rescorla, Manual for the ASEBA school-age forms & profiles, University of Vermont, Research Center for Children, Youth & Families, 2001) provides a potential ASD screener and intervention outcome evaluation. This study had two aims: (1) to examine CBCL scales scores as a potential ASD screener; (2) to investigate PEERS® outcomes via the CBCL for Autistic adolescents.

Unravelling the Extent of Diversity within the Iberian Medicinal Leeches (Hirudinea: ) Using Molecules and Morphology.

Until the beginning of the 21st century, the famous medicinal leech was thought to be represented by only one species, . However, recent publications have demonstrated that under that name, at least five different species of medicinal leeches were hidden. During the last decade, the biogeography of Western-Palaearctic leeches has begun to unravel, untangling their diversity in practically all of Europe, except for its westernmost peninsula, Iberia.

Major determinants of death in patients hospitalized with COVID-19 during the first epidemic wave in Madrid, Spain.

Spain is one of the European countries most largely affected by COVID-19, being Madrid the epicenter. A good knowledge of the main features of hospitalized patients during the complete lockdown should improve the management of new COVID-19 surges.All patients hospitalized at one large tertiary hospital in Madrid for suspected COVID-19 pneumonia from March 1 to May 31 were retrospectively identified.

Pediatric Inflammatory Multisystem Syndrome Associated With SARS-CoV-2: A Retrospective Cohort Study From Argentina.

Objective: To evaluate the differential characteristics of SARS-COV-2 associated inflammatory multisystem syndrome (MIS-C) in children.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted.  The definition of MIS- C was based on WHO criteria.

Respiratory Syncytial Virus Bronchiolitis Complicated by Necrotizing Enterocolitis: A Case Series.

In rare instances, severe respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infections of the lower respiratory tract can cause life-threatening extrapulmonary complications. In this report, we describe 4 previously healthy, term and late-preterm infants admitted to the PICU with respiratory failure due to RSV bronchiolitis who developed necrotizing enterocolitis shortly after admission. All infants exhibited progressive abdominal distention, had typical radiographic findings, and developed simple or complex ascites.

Short Communication: Integrase Strand Transfer Inhibitors Drug Resistance Mutations in Puerto Rico HIV-Positive Individuals.

The HIV-1 integrase viral protein is responsible for incorporating the viral DNA into the genomic DNA. The inhibition of viral integration into host cell DNA is part of recent therapeutic procedures. Combination therapy with protease and reverse transcriptase inhibitors has demonstrated good synergistic results in reducing viral replication.

Effect of brine concentration on physico-chemical characteristics, texture, rheological properties and proteolysis level of cheeses produced by an optimized wild cardoon rennet.

The main objective of this study was to test the efficiency of a wild cardoon () rennet, previously optimized by response surface methodology, in cheese making process; then to select the best brine concentration, leading to excellent cheese quality. Results showed that the optimized rennet and chymosin produced curds with similar properties (yield, colour, texture, viscoelasticity), suggesting that this coagulant could replace successfully calf rennet. After brining at different salt concentrations (5, 7, 10 and 15%), we concluded that the use of 15% of salt in brine was an efficient way to reduce considerably the proteolysis level in cheeses, stored for 28 d at 4 °C.

Quantitative anatomy mimicking slice phantoms.

Purpose: To present a reproducible methodology for building an anatomy mimicking phantom with targeted T and T contrast for use in quantitative magnetic resonance imaging.

Methods: We propose a reproducible method for creating high-resolution, quantitative slice phantoms. The phantoms are created using gels with different concentrations of NiCl and MnCl to achieve targeted T and T values.

Job Tension Growth and Emotional Intelligence in Challenge-Based Learning.

This paper presents a study that aims to identify the trajectory of job tension during a challenge-based learning (CBL) activity and study the role of student workgroup emotional intelligence in such a context. More longitudinal research on student stress is deemed necessary. The authors used Karasek's demand-control model (1979), collected longitudinal data (gathered at ten time points) from a 73-member team participating in an international student competition, and analyzed the data using the latent growth model approach.

Body temperature fatigue behaviour of reciprocating and rotary glide path instruments in sodium hypochlorite solutions alone or combined with etidronate.

The aim of the study was to compare cyclic fatigue (CF) resistance of reciprocating and rotary glide path instruments in the presence of irrigation solutions at body temperature. CF resistance of 100 instruments (50 ProGlider and 50 WaveOne Gold Glider) was tested in sodium hypochlorite solutions alone (NaOCl) or in combination with etidronate (NaOCl/HEBP). The CF platform with a simulated canal (curvature = 60°/radius = 3 mm) was submerged in a temperature-controlled bath with the solutions kept at 37 ± 1°C controlled by a precision mercury glass thermometer.

Immune cell profiling of the cerebrospinal fluid enables the characterization of the brain metastasis microenvironment.

Brain metastases are the most common tumor of the brain with a dismal prognosis. A fraction of patients with brain metastasis benefit from treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) and the degree and phenotype of the immune cell infiltration has been used to predict response to ICI. However, the anatomical location of brain lesions limits access to tumor material to characterize the immune phenotype.

apical pressure created by 2 irrigation needles and a multisonic system in mandibular molars.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the apical pressure generated by 2 endodontic irrigation needles and the GentleWave system in mandibular molars.

Materials And Methods: The mesial and distal root canals of 12 mandibular molars were irrigated with a 30-gauge close-end needle or with a 30-gauge open-end needle. Procedures were performed in the mesial and distal canals.

Akt Interacts with Usutu Virus Polymerase, and Its Activity Modulates Viral Replication.

Usutu virus (USUV) is a flavivirus that mainly infects wild birds through the bite of Culex mosquitoes. Recent outbreaks have been associated with an increased number of cases in humans. Despite being a growing source of public health concerns, there is yet insufficient data on the virus or host cell targets for infection control.