Destructive effect of fluctuations on the performance of a Brownian gyrator.

The Brownian gyrator (BG) is often called a minimal model of a nano-engine performing a rotational motion, judging solely upon the fact that in non-equilibrium conditions its torque, specific angular momentum  and specific angular velocity  have non-zero mean values. For a (with time-step ) model we calculate here the previously unknown probability density functions (PDFs) of  and . We show that for finite , the PDF of  has exponential tails and all moments are therefore well-defined.

Tonic-Clonic Seizure in Patient With SLE: Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome, or a Neuropsychiatric Manifestation of SLE?

Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) is a clinically and radiologically diagnosed reversible sudden onset disease with many neurological symptoms. SLE is the most common cause of PRES among autoimmune diseases. Many factors, such as SLE activity, hypertension, hematological and renal diseases, lymphopenia dyslipidemia, and immunosuppressive treatments, can trigger PRES in SLE.

Roadmap on Deep Learning for Microscopy.

Through digital imaging, microscopy has evolved from primarily being a means for visual observation of life at the micro- and nano-scale, to a quantitative tool with ever-increasing resolution and throughput. Artificial intelligence, deep neural networks, and machine learning are all niche terms describing computational methods that have gained a pivotal role in microscopy-based research over the past decade. This Roadmap is written collectively by prominent researchers and encompasses selected aspects of how machine learning is applied to microscopy image data, with the aim of gaining scientific knowledge by improved image quality, automated detection, segmentation, classification and tracking of objects, and efficient merging of information from multiple imaging modalities.

Highly Specific Detection of Oxytocin in Saliva.

Oxytocin is a peptide neurophysin hormone made up of nine amino acids and is used in induction of one in four births worldwide (more than 13 percent in the United States). Herein, we have developed an antibody alternative aptamer-based electrochemical assay for real-time and point-of-care detection of oxytocin in non-invasive saliva samples. This assay approach is rapid, highly sensitive, specific, and cost-effective.

A novel biosensor for ultrasensitive detection of fungal genes.

Fungal infections are a rapidly increasing public health problem due to their high morbidity and mortality rates, especially in populations with compromised immune systems. Rapid and accurate diagnosis of these diseases is, therefore, necessary to improve the prognosis of afflicted patients. Unfortunately, current clinical chemistry practice relies on lengthy culturing methods that are insufficient to meet the fast turnaround requirements.

Rapid, Multianalyte Detection of Opioid Metabolites in Wastewater.

By monitoring opioid metabolites, wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) could be an excellent tool for real-time information on the consumption of illicit drugs. A key limitation of WBE is the reliance on costly laboratory-based techniques that require substantial infrastructure and trained personnel, resulting in long turnaround times. Here, we present an aptamer-based graphene field effect transistor (AptG-FET) platform for simultaneous detection of three different opioid metabolites.

Objective comparison of methods to decode anomalous diffusion.

Deviations from Brownian motion leading to anomalous diffusion are found in transport dynamics from quantum physics to life sciences. The characterization of anomalous diffusion from the measurement of an individual trajectory is a challenging task, which traditionally relies on calculating the trajectory mean squared displacement. However, this approach breaks down for cases of practical interest, e.

Clinical and radiological results of surgically treated patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis and the effects of pulmonary rehabilitation on respiration functions.

Background: In the present study, we aimed to evaluate the effects of pulmonary rehabilitation on respiratory functions after the surgery on the basis of early radiological findings, pain degree, function, and satisfaction scores in operated patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS).

Methods: Thirty patients with AIS were included in the present study, who were divided into 2 groups. Scoliosis surgery and diaphragmatic breathing and pursed lip exercises were applied in Group 1 (n = 15), whereas merely scoliosis surgery was applied in Group 2 (n = 15).

Relationship between Serum YKL-40 Level and Forearm Arterial Patency after Repair.

Background: The study aimed to assess the effects of serum YKL-40 level on patency at the repair site in patients who underwent arterial repair at the level of the forearm.

Methods: The study included 58 subjects, including 29 patients (aged 18-50 years) who had ulnar or radial artery injury secondary to cut injury to wrist between June 2015 and November 2019 and no comorbid disease and 29 age- and sex-matched healthy controls. The vascular patency was assessed using Doppler sonography in patients who underwent arterial repair at the level of the forearm.

Experimental realization of a minimal microscopic heat engine.

Microscopic heat engines are microscale systems that convert energy flows between heat reservoirs into work or systematic motion. We have experimentally realized a minimal microscopic heat engine. It consists of a colloidal Brownian particle optically trapped in an elliptical potential well and simultaneously coupled to two heat baths at different temperatures acting along perpendicular directions.

Non-Boltzmann stationary distributions and nonequilibrium relations in active baths.

Most natural and engineered processes, such as biomolecular reactions, protein folding, and population dynamics, occur far from equilibrium and therefore cannot be treated within the framework of classical equilibrium thermodynamics. Here we experimentally study how some fundamental thermodynamic quantities and relations are affected by the presence of the nonequilibrium fluctuations associated with an active bath. We show in particular that, as the confinement of the particle increases, the stationary probability distribution of a Brownian particle confined within a harmonic potential becomes non-Boltzmann, featuring a transition from a Gaussian distribution to a heavy-tailed distribution.

Closed reduction and fixation of locked symphysis pubis using tubular external fixator: a case report.

Locked symphysis pubis is a kind of pelvic injury in which one pubic bone is jammed in the back of the other or opposite the obturator foramen following lateral compression forces. In this article, we present a 31-year-old female case of locked symphysis pubis which was treated by closed reduction using tubular external fixator. We believe that tubular external fixators are useful devices to perform closed reduction maneuvers for locked pelvic injuries and also help to reduce the need for open reduction and internal implant usage.

Highly sensitive detection of urinary cadmium to assess personal exposure.

A series of Boron-Doped Diamond (BDD) ultramicroelectrode arrays were fabricated and investigated for their performance as electrochemical sensors to detect trace level metals such as cadmium. The steady-state diffusion behavior of these sensors was validated using cyclic voltammetry followed by electrochemical detection of cadmium in water and in human urine to demonstrate high sensitivity (>200 μA ppb(-1) cm(-2)) and low background current (<4 nA). When an array of ultramicroelectrodes was positioned with optimal spacing, these BDD sensors showed a sigmoidal diffusion behavior.

Relationship of some endogenous sex steroid hormones to leukocyte arylsulphatase A activities in pre- and postmenopausal healthy women.

This study was planned to investigate whether the physiological variations in endogenous gonadal steroid hormones during fertile period to menopause might affect the Arylsulphatase A (ARS-A) activities in leukocytes in healthy women. In premenopausal women, means of the leukocyte ARS-A activity were significantly highest at ovulatory phase, and lowest at early follicular phase. In contrast, the mean leukocyte ARS-A activity in postmenopausal women was approximately equivalent to the mean leukocyte enzyme in cycling women at early follicular phase in whom the lowest enzymatic activity was observed.

Growth hormone secretion in protein energy malnutrition.

Plasma hGH levels were assessed in 15 infants with protein energy malnutrition following insulin induced hypoglycemia, arginine and L-Dopa provocation tests and intravenous glucose tolerance test. Fasting hGH levels were high in 85.7% of the cases.