Promising role of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors in respiratory disorders, a review.

Several studies indicate various pharmacological and therapeutic effects of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) in different disorders. The current review describes the influences of PPARs on respiratory, allergic, and immunologic diseases. Various databases, including PubMed, Science Direct, and Scopus, were searched regarding the effect of PPARs on respiratory and allergic disorders from 1990 to 2024.

Beta-adrenergic receptor stimulation, histamine receptor inhibition, and potassium channel opening contribute to the relaxant effects of crocetin on airway smooth muscle.

Objectives: In the present study, the relaxant effect of crocetin on tracheal smooth muscle cells (TSM) and its possible mechanisms were evaluated.

Materials And Methods: The study was conducted on 54 male Wistar rats in 8 groups. TSM was contracted by methacholine (10 μM) and KCl (60 mM), and the relaxant effects of four cumulative concentrations of crocetin, petal extract of saffron, and theophylline were examined on non-incubated and TSM incubated with propranolol, chlorpheniramine, diltiazem, atropine, glibenclamide, and indomethacin were investigated.

Systemic and Lung Inflammation and Oxidative Stress Associated With Behavioral Changes Induced by Inhaled Paraquat Are Ameliorated by Carvacrol.

Paraquat (PQ) is an herbicide toxin that induces injury in different organs. The anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects of carvacrol were reported previously. The effects of carvacrol and pioglitazone (Pio) alone and their combination on inhaled PQ-induced systemic and lung oxidative stress and inflammation as well as behavioral changes were examined in rats.

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors: Key regulators of tumor progression and growth.

One of the main causes of death on the globe is cancer. Peroxisome-proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) are nuclear hormone receptors, including PPARα, PPARδ and PPARγ, which are important in regulating cancer cell proliferation, survival, apoptosis, and tumor growth. Activation of PPARs by endogenous or synthetic compounds regulates tumor progression in various tissues.

Effects of and its constituent, safranal, and pioglitazone, on systemic inflammation and oxidative stress induced by paraquat aerosol in rats.

Objectives: The effects of , safranal, and pioglitazone on aerosolized paraquat (PQ)-induced systemic changes were examined.

Materials And Methods: Control (Ctrl) and PQ groups of rats were exposed to saline or PQ (27 and 54 mg/m3, PQ-L and PQ-H) aerosols eight times on alternate days. Nine PQ-H groups were treated with dexamethasone (0.

An overview of pharmacological effects of Crocus sativous and its constituents.

L. was used for the treatment of a wide range of disorders in traditional medicine. Due to the extensive protective and treatment properties of and its constituents in various diseases, the purpose of this review is to collect a summary of its effects, on experimental studies, both and .

Inhaled paraquat-induced lung injury in rat, improved by the extract of Zataria multiflora boiss and PPARγ agonist, pioglitazone.

The effects of a PPAR-γ agonist, pioglitazone and Zataria multiflora (Z. multiflora) on inhaled paraquat (PQ)-induced lung oxidative stress, inflammation, pathological changes and tracheal responsiveness were examined. The study was carried out in control rats exposed to normal aerosol of saline, PQl and PQh groups exposed to aerosols of 27 and 54 mg/m3 PQ, groups exposed to high PQ concentration (PQh) and treated with 200 and 800 mg/kg/day Z.

The effects of Crocus sativus extract on inhaled paraquat-induced lung inflammation, oxidative stress, pathological changes and tracheal responsiveness in rats.

Paraquat is a green liquid toxin that is used in agriculture and can induce multi-organ including lung injury. Various pharmacological effects of Crocus sativus (C. sativus) were indicated in previous studies.

Therapeutic effects of medicinal plants and their constituents on lung cancer, in vitro, in vivo and clinical evidence.

The most common type of cancer in the world is lung cancer. Traditional treatments have an important role in cancer therapy. In the present review, the most recent findings on the effects of medicinal plants and their constituents or natural products (NP) in treating lung cancer are discussed.

Paraquat-induced systemic inflammation and oxidative stress in rats improved by Curcuma longa ethanolic extract, curcumin and a PPAR agonist.

The effect of Curcuma longa (Cl) ethanolic extract, nano-curcumin (Cu) and a PPARγ activator, pioglitazone on inhaled paraquat (PQ)-induced systemic inflammation and oxidative stress was examined in the present study. Control rats were exposed to normal saline and PQ groups to 27 and 54 mg/m (PQ-L and PQ-H) aerosols. Nine other PQ-H groups were treated with Curcuma longa (Cl, 150 and 600 mg/kg/day), nano-curcumin (Cu, 2 and 8 mg/kg/day), pioglitazone (Pio, 5 and 10 mg/kg), low dose of Pio + Cl and Cu and dexamethasone (0.

Comparative effects of and curcumin on paraquat-induced systemic and lung oxidative stress and inflammation in rats.

Objective: Comparative effect of () ethanolic extract and curcumin on paraquat (PQ)-induced systemic and lung oxidative stress and inflammation were evaluated in the present study.

Materials And Methods: Control animals were exposed to normal saline and PQ group to 54 mg/m PQ aerosols (8 times, each time for 30 min). Treatment groups were exposed to PQ and treated with 150 and 600 mg/kg/day , or 30 and 120 mg/kg/day curcumin after PQ exposure period for 16 days.

The effect of 3-year parental smoking on asthma status of their children.

Objective: Whilst the prevalence and severity of asthma influenced by environmental factors, the effect of parental smoking on asthma status of their children was examined.

Patients And Methods: Ninety asthmatic children, 32 with smoker and 58 with non-smoker parents (baseline age, 8.5 ± 3.

The Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory and Immunomodulatory Effects of Camel Milk.

Camel milk (CM) has been found to have several health benefits, including antiviral, antibacterial, anti-tumor, anti-fungal, antioxidant, hypoglycaemic and anti-cancer activities. In addition, CM can counter signs of aging and may be a useful naturopathic treatment for autoimmune diseases. The composition of CM varies with geographic origin, feeding conditions, seasonal and physiological changes, genetics and camel health status.

Intraperitoneal Lavage with Prevents Postoperative-Induced Peritoneal Adhesion in a Rat Model: Evidence from Animal and Cellular Studies.

Postoperative peritoneal adhesions are considered the major complication following abdominal surgeries. The primary clinical complications of peritoneal adhesion are intestinal obstruction, infertility, pelvic pain, and postoperative mortality. In this study, regarding the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities of we aimed to evaluate the effects of on the prevention of postsurgical-induced peritoneal adhesion.

Curcuma longa and curcumin affect respiratory and allergic disorders, experimental and clinical evidence: A comprehensive and updated review.

Curcuma longa and its constituents, mainly curcumin, showed various of pharmacological effects in previous studies. This review article provides updated and comprehensive experimental and clinical evidence regarding the effects of C. longa and curcumin on respiratory, allergic, and immunologic disorders.

Systemic inflammation and oxidative stress induced by inhaled paraquat in rat improved by carvacrol, possible role of PPARγ receptors.

Control rats were exposed to saline aerosol, two groups were exposed to paraquat (PQ), 27 (PQ-L) and 54 (PQ-H) mg/m aerosols and six groups were treated with carvacrol, 20 (C-L) and 80 (C-H) mg/kg/day, pioglitazone, 5 (Pio-L) and 10 (Pio-H) mg/kg/day, C-L+Pio-L and dexamethasone, 0.03 mg/kg/day, for 16 days after the end of exposure to PQ-H. Different variables were measured after the end of treatment period.

and Pioglitazone Affect Systemic Inflammation and Oxidative Stress Induced by Inhaled Paraquat in Rats.

The effects of () and pioglitazone (a PPAR- agonist) alone and in combination, on systemic inflammation and oxidative stress induced by inhaled paraquat (PQ) as a herbicide, which induced inflammation in rats, were examined. Rats were exposed to (1) saline (control) and (2) 54 mg/m PQ aerosols (8 times, every other day, each time for 30 min) without treatment or treated with (3 and 4) two doses of (200 and 800 mg/kg/day), (5 and 6) two doses of pioglitazone (5 and 10 mg/kg/day), (7) low doses of . + pioglitazone, (Pio-5+Z-200 mg/kg/day) or (8) dexamethasone (0.

Relaxant Effect of on Tracheal Smooth Muscle Mediated by the Effect on Beta-2 Adrenergic, Muscarinic Receptors and Calcium and Potassium Channels.

() showed anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antibacterial, diuretic, vasodilatation, and wound-healing effects on fungal infections, cardiac disorders, digestive disorders, rheumatoid disease, and respiratory disorders such as bronchitis, bronchial nosocomial infections, and severe cough. To examine the bronchodilatory effect of , the relaxant effect of its extract on rat tracheal smooth muscle (TSM) and its possible mechanism was examined in this study. Male Wistar rats' TSM were divided into eight groups ( = 8 in each group).

Thymoquinone Ameliorates Lung Inflammation and Pathological Changes Observed in Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Lung Injury.

Anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and immunomodulatory effects of thymoquinone (TQ) have been shown. The effects of TQ on lipopolysaccharide- (LPS-) induced inflammation and pathological changes in rats' lung were investigated in this study. Four groups of rats included (1) control (saline treated); (2) LPS (treated with 1 mg/kg/day i.

Carvacrol and PPARγ agonist, pioglitazone, affects inhaled paraquat-induced lung injury in rats.

Exposed rats to normal saline and paraquat (PQ) aerosol as control and PQ group, rats exposed to PQ and treated with 20 and 80 mg/kg/day carvacrol, 5 and 10 mg/kg/day pioglitazone, low dose of pioglitazone + carvacrol and 0.03 mg/kg/day dexamethasone (Dexa) for 16 days after the end of PQ exposure were studied (n = 6 in each group). Lung pathological changes, tracheal responsiveness to methacholine and ovalbumin (OVA) as well as transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) and interleukin (IL)-6 level in the lung tissue homogenize as well as TGF-β, IL-6, oxidant and antioxidant levels oxidant and antioxidants were increased in PQ group (p < 0.

Immediate and late systemic and lung effects of inhaled paraquat in rats.

The immediate and the late effects of inhaled Paraquat (PQ) on systemic and lung inflammation and oxidative stress were investigated. Rats were exposed to saline (control group) and two doses of inhaled PQ (27 and 54 mg/m) and studied variables were measured: 1) one day after the end of PQ exposure as "immediate condition", 2) 16 days after the end of PQ exposure as "late condition". Total and differential white blood cells (WBC) counts, lipid peroxidation and nitrite were increased but thiol, superoxide dismutase and catalase in the blood and BALF as well as methacholine EC50 was reduced in both conditions in the animals exposed to PQ compared to control groups (p < 0.

Experimental and clinical reports on anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and immunomodulatory effects of Curcuma longa and curcumin, an updated and comprehensive review.

Curcuma longa (C. longa) or turmeric is a plant with a long history of use in traditional medicine, especially for treating inflammatory conditions C. longa and its main constituent, curcumin (CUR), showed various pharmacological effects such as antioxidant and anti-microbial properties.

Paraquat-induced systemic inflammation and increased oxidative markers in rats improved by extract and carvacrol.

Objective: Paraquat (PQ) is a herbicide which induces oxidative stress and inflammation. Anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant effects were shown for (Z) and carvacrol previously. The effects of Z hydroalcoholic extract and carvacrol on systemic inflammation and oxidative stress induced by inhaled PQ were examined in this study.