In vitro and in vivo susceptibility of two-drug and three-drug combinations of terbinafine, itraconazole, caspofungin, ibuprofen and fluvastatin against Pythium insidiosum.

The present study investigated the in vitro inhibitory activity of terbinafine, itraconazole, caspofungin, fluvastatin and ibuprofen against 15 isolates of Pythium insidiosum in double and triple combinations and determined in vivo correlations using rabbits with experimental pythiosis. The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) was determined in accordance with the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute M 38-A2 protocol (2008), and the in vitro interactions were evaluated using a checkerboard microdilution method. For the in vivo study, 20 rabbits inoculated with P.

Identification of Pythium insidiosum by nested PCR in cutaneous lesions of Brazilian horses and rabbits.

Pythium insidiosum is a fungus-like organism present in subtropical and tropical areas, such as Brazil, known to infect humans and various animal species. P. insidiosum is the etiological agent of pythiosis, an emerging and granulomatous disease characterized mainly by cutaneous and subcutaneous lesions in horses, the principal species affected.

In vitro paradoxical growth of Pythium insidiosum in the presence of caspofungin.

Pythium insidiosum is a zoosporic organism which causes pythiosis in humans and animals. This study aimed to report the paradoxical growth of Brazilian P. insidiosum strains when submitted to in vitro susceptibility tests with caspofungin.

In Vitro activity of terbinafine combined with caspofungin and azoles against Pythium insidiosum.

In this text we evaluated the in vitro antifungal activities of terbinafine combined with caspofungin, miconazole, ketoconazole, and fluconazole against 17 Pythium insidiosum strains by using the microdilution checkerboard method. Synergistic interactions were observed with terbinafine combined with caspofungin (41.2% of the strains), fluconazole (41.

Diversity of yeasts from bovine mastitis in Southern Brazil.

Mastitis is one of the most serious problems in the dairy cattle farms. The great majority of the cases are caused by bacteria, but lately there have been an increasing number of reports about cases of mycotic etiology. The objective of this work was to characterize the yeasts and yeast-like fungi associated with milk of cows with mastitis.

In vitro activities of voriconazole, itraconazole, and terbinafine alone or in combination against Pythium insidiosum isolates from Brazil.

We evaluated the in vitro activities of voriconazole, itraconazole, and terbinafine against 30 clinical isolates of Pythium insidiosum using a checkerboard macrodilution method. The combined activity of terbinafine plus itraconazole or plus voriconazole was synergic against 17% of the strains. Antagonism was not observed.

Caspofungin in vitro and in vivo activity against Brazilian Pythium insidiosum strains isolated from animals.

Objectives: The present study evaluated the susceptibility of 27 clinical isolates of Pythium insidiosum to caspofungin in vitro and correlated the results with the therapeutic response in vivo in rabbits with experimental pythiosis.

Methods: The macrodilution method was performed in accordance with the CLSI document M38-A technique. Three reading criteria for MICs were adopted: MIC0, MIC1 and MIC2 (100%, 90% and 50% growth inhibition, respectively).

The use of negative-pressure wound therapy (NPWT) in the temporary treatment of soft-tissue injuries associated with high-energy open tibial shaft fractures.

Objectives: To evaluate the utility of negative-pressure wound therapy (NPWT) in the setting of high-energy open tibial shaft fractures. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PATIENTS/PARTICIPANTS: This was a retrospective consecutive series in a level 1 university-based trauma center. Forty-nine consecutive patients presenting to a level 1 trauma center between 1996 and 2004 with 50 grade/type III open tibial shaft fractures were assessed.

Subatmospheric pressure dressings in the temporary treatment of soft tissue injuries associated with type III open tibial shaft fractures in children.

Purpose: This study was designed to evaluate the use of subatmospheric pressure dressings on high-energy open tibial shaft fractures in children. We hypothesized that the use of a negative-pressure dressing in these fractures would result in a decreased incidence of infection and decreased need for pedicled muscle flaps and free tissue transfer.

Methods: A retrospective case series of 15 consecutive pediatric patients with 16 type III open tibial shaft fractures (8 type IIIA, 7 type IIIB, and 1 type IIIC).

Vacuum-assisted closure: state of basic research and physiologic foundation.

A tremendous amount of research has been conducted in recent years investigating the mechanisms of action by which the application of subatmospheric pressure to wounds increases the rate of healing. Similarly, numerous studies have also been conducted examining the physiologic response of wounds to the applied subatmospheric pressure. However, many more need to be conducted.

Use of subatmospheric pressure to prevent doxorubicin extravasation ulcers in a swine model.

Unlabelled: Application of subatmospheric pressure to sites injected with doxorubicin prevented ulcer formation in treated sites (0 ulcers/16 sites) compared to control wounds (10 ulcers/16 sites) in a pig model.

Background And Objectives: Extravasation of doxorubicin hydrochloride (Adriamycin) frequently causes chronic ulcers, which usually progress and expose underlying structures such as tendons and bone. The exact mechanism of action that causes cell death and the chronic ulcers is unknown.

Distinctive fibroblastic subpopulations in skin and oral mucosa demonstrated by differences in glycosaminoglycan content.

The glycosaminoglycan (GAG) content of rabbit skin, oral mucosa, and cultured [3H]-glucosamine-labeled dermal and submucosal fibroblasts was compared. Skin contained predominantly dermatan sulfate (DS) and a small amount of hyaluronic acid (HA), whereas mucosa contained primarily keratan sulfate (KS) and smaller quantities of HA and DS. Culture medium from dermal and submucosal fibroblasts contained GAGs co-electrophoresing with DS, HA, and chondroitin sulfate (CS), although the relative proportions of these GAG differed.

Interleukin-1-induced changes in extracellular glycosaminoglycan composition of cutaneous scar-derived fibroblasts in culture.

Fibroblast cultures established from explants of mature scar and skin tissue were analyzed with regard to extracellular glycosaminoglycan (GAG) composition and response to interleukin-1 (IL-1). Following a serum-free 48 hour label with [3H]glucosamine, pericellular and medium GAGs were isolated by precipitation with cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC) and analyzed by cellulose acetate electrophoresis. In addition, susceptibility of the precipitates to Streptomyces hyaluronidase, chondroitinase ABC and heparitinase was determined.