Avian influenza at animal-human interface: One-health challenge in live poultry retail stalls of Chakwal, Pakistan.

Background: Live poultry retail stalls (LPRSs) are believed to be the source of human infection with avian influenza viruses (AIVs); however, little is known about epidemiology of these viruses in LPRSs of Pakistan.

Objectives: The current study was conducted to estimate the virological and serological prevalence of AIVs in humans and poultry and associated risk factors among seropositive butchers.

Methods: A field survey of LPRSs of Chakwal District was conducted between December 2015 and March 2016.