Dermoscopic Nail Disorders in School-Going Children.

Introduction The majority of nail diseases in children are comparable to those in adults, while there are some physiological changes that start to happen around this age and go away over a few years. These conditions could be symptoms of infections and systemic illnesses. Pediatric nail disorders are typically easy to diagnose clinically, although there are occasionally conditions that masquerade as juvenile nail problems.

Comparing Dermatoscopic Features With Slit Skin Smear and Histopathology in Diagnosis of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis.

Objective: To evaluate dermatoscopic features of cutaneous leishmaniasis and to compare its diagnostic accuracy against slit skin smear and skin histopathology.

Methods:  This cross-sectional study was conducted at the Department of Dermatology, Pakistan Navy Station (PNS) Shifa Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan, from August 2021 to August 2022. A total of 200 lesions from 70 patients of cutaneous leishmaniasis diagnosed with slit skin smear for Leishmania-Donovan (LD) bodies and skin biopsy were included via non-probability consecutive sampling technique.

Dermatology Residency Training in COVID-19 Pandemic: Transition from Traditional to Online Teaching.

The novel coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic has placed unprecedented demands on the health profession; and unique challenges are emerging in almost all fields of medicine, including dermatology. This ongoing health crisis has also significantly disrupted medical education globally. As the pandemic continues to develop, traditional medical education of in-person lectures, seminars and bedside teaching is being rapidly replaced by various modalities of online education.

Harlequin Fetus in a Twin Pregnancy: An Extremely Rare Presentation.

Harlequin ichthyosis (HI) is a rare fatal type of congenital ichthyosis with autosomal recessive inheritance pattern. We report an uncommon presentation of a case of HI in a neonate, who was the second outcome of the dizygotic twin pregnancy of a Pakistani female. Whilst the first twin remained alive and healthy, HI baby was not able to survive beyond the third day of her life.

Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province of Pakistan: Clinical Diversity and Species-Level Diagnosis.

This study primarily aimed to identify the causative species of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province of Pakistan and to distinguish any species-specific variation in clinical manifestation of CL. Diagnostic performance of different techniques for identifying CL was assessed. Isolates of Leishmania spp.

Zosteriform cutaneous leiomyoma: a rare cutaneous neoplasm.

Cutaneous leiomyomas are firm, round to oval, skin-coloured to brownish papules and nodules that may present as a solitary, few discrete or multiple clustered lesions. Different uncommon patterns of multiple leiomyoma distribution have been noted as bilateral, symmetrical, linear, zosteriform, or dermatomal-like arrangement. One such rare presentation was seen in a 23-year-old patient who presented with zosteriform skin coloured, occasionally painful cutaneous lesions over left shoulder region.

Clinical spectrum of cutaneous leishmaniasis: an overview from Pakistan.

The clinical spectrum of leishmaniasis encompasses subclinical (inapparent), localized (skin lesions), and disseminated infection (cutaneous, mucosal, or visceral). The clinico-pathological picture of cutaneous leishmaniasis is variable and depends not only on the leishmania species but also on endemic region, host factors, and immuno-inflammatory responses. Symptomatic disease is subacute or chronic and diverse in presentation and outcome.

Churg-Strauss syndrome: a rare systemic vasculitis.

Churg-Strauss syndrome is a rare diffuse small/medium sized vessel vasculitis that is almost invariably accompanied by severe asthma. The cause is unknown, but its characteristic histological findings and association with asthma distinguish it from other vasculitides. We report here a middle aged lady who presented with sudden onset of vasculitic skin lesions in association with long standing asthma.

Mucosal lichen planus simultaneously involving oral mucosa, conjunctiva and larynx.

Lichen planus is an autoimmune disease that typically involves skin and the mucosa of the mouth and genitalia. The involvement of conjunctival and laryngeal is rare. A young patient presented with hoarseness of voice, oral ulcerative lesions and symblephron.

Malignant acanthosis nigricans: an early diagnostic clue.

Acanthosis nigricans (AN) is characterized by velvety, hyperpigmented, verrucous, symmetric and occasionally pruritic plaques along with papillomatous lesions which have a special predilection for neck, axillae, groin, umbilicu and mucosal regions. Rarely, it presents as a paraneoplastic syndrome and prompts a thorough search for an internal malignancy. We present here a case of malignant acanthosis nigricans seen in an elderly patient who was found to have underlying adenocarcinoma of the lower end of esophagus.

Lupoid cutaneous leishmaniasis: a report of 16 cases.

Background: Lupoid cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is known as the chronic form of CL. However, keeping its clinical presentation in view, there is a need to revisit this form of disease.

Aims: To redefine/describe lupoid CL in view of clinical features.

Fissure leishmaniasis: A new variant of cutaneous leishmaniasis.

Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) may appear at unusual sites or present with atypical morphologies. The lip is considered one of the unusual sites and a fissure of the lower lip is an atypical morphology that has not been described in CL. We report two cases of CL who presented as cutaneous fissures (on lower lip in one patient and dorsum of finger in another).

Frequency and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus.

Objective: To determine the frequency of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus and its antimicrobial susceptibility pattern in patients reporting to Combined Military Hospital (CMH), Pano Aqil.

Study Design: A non-interventional, cross-sectional study.

Place And Duration Of Study: Pathology Laboratory, Combined Military Hospital (CMH), Pano Aqil, from December 2005 to January 2008.

Rhinophymous leishmaniasis: A new variant.

Cutaneous leishmaniasis is known for its wide clinical spectrum. The nose is one of the usual sites where the disease can present in many forms, such as psoriasiform plaques, furunculoid nodules, lupoid plaques, and erysipeloid or mucocutaneous types. We present a new morphology, i.

Clinical spectrum of nasal leishmaniasis in Muzaffarabad.

Objective: To determine the frequency of nasal leishmaniasis and the presentation of disease involving nose as well as nasal mucosa in patients reporting from the Muzaffarabad district of Azad Jammu and Kashmir (AJK).

Study Design: Case series.

Place And Duration Of Study: Combined Military Hospital, Muzaffarabad, from January 2006 to May 2008.

Microscopic polyangiitis: a rare ANCA-associated small-vessel vasculitis.

Microscopic Polyangiitis (MPA) is an autoimmune disease characterized by pauci-immune, necrotizing, small-vessel vasculitis without clinical or pathological evidence of necrotizing granulomatous inflammation. Because many different organ systems may be involved, a wide range of symptoms are possible in MPA. Cutaneous involvement is not frequent.

Familial dysbetalipoproteinemia: a potentially fatal disorder.

Familial dysbetalipoproteinemia is an inherited disorder in which both cholesterol and triglycerides are elevated in the plasma of the blood, which pre-disposes people to coronary artery disease and peripheral vascular disease. We report two young boys with multiple cutaneous xanthomas and grossly abnormal serum cholesterol and triglycerides. Two of the family members had died of cardiovascular accidents in young age and rest of the family members had deranged lipid profile.

Colloid milium: a rare cutaneous deposition disease.

Colloid milium is a rare degenerative skin disorder known by the development of small translucent, yellowish brown pappular nodules or plaques, generally located in sun exposed areas. Clinically they are of two types, adult and juvenile type. We present a case of adult type Colloid milium in a 60 years old female patient with clinical and histological findings unmistakable of the condition.

Unilateral Blaschkoid lichen planus involving the entire half of the body, a unique presentation.

A large number of congenital as well as acquired skin disorders assume a characteristic morphological pattern following the Blaschko lines. Lichen planus (LP) is an acquired inflammatory disorder that can come with different faces. Linear lesions are frequently seen but cases of zonal (zosteriform) or whorled appearance have rarely been described in the literature.

Many faces of cutaneous leishmaniasis.

Background: Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is known for its clinical diversity and increasing numbers of new and rare variants of the disease are being reported these days.

Aim: The aim of this descriptive study was to look for and report the atypical presentations of this common disease occurring in Pakistan.

Methods: The study was carried out in three hospitals (MH, Rawalpindi; PAF Hospital, Sargodha; and CMH, Muzaffarabad) from 2002 to 2006.

Pseudoxanthoma elasticum and nephrolithiasis: a rare association.

Pseudoxanthoma elasticum (PXE) is a multi-systemic, genetic disorder of connective tissue characterized by progressive calcification and fragmentation of elastic fibers in skin, retina and cardiovascular system. A young patient reported to urologist in emergency with azotemia secondary to acute bilateral obstructive uropathy. Upon successful management, he was found to have full-blown skin and eye manifestations and was evaluated thoroughly regarding extent and potential systemic complications of Pseudoxanthoma elasticum.

Congenital erythropoietic porphyria in three siblings.

Congenital erythropoietic porphyria is a rare autosomal recessive disorder that usually presents with marked skin photosensitivity, hypertrichosis, blistering, scarring, milia formation and dyspigmentation of the photo-exposed areas. Three adult siblings (two sisters and one brother) are presented here with variable degree of skin manifestations. During early childhood, all the siblings started showing signs of photosensitivity with darkening of urine color followed by skin blistering over the face and hands.

Juvenile onset classical pityriasis rubra pilaris: every patient may not require systemic therapy.

Juvenile onset classical Pityriasis Rubra Pilaris (PRP), although rare, is the most common presentation of PRP in children. It has good prognosis and resolution over a few months. Use of potentially hazardous systemic drugs in a disease, that is likely to resolve spontaneously, needs to be assessed carefully.