Dosimetric impact of different multileaf collimators on cardiac and left anterior descending coronary artery dose reduction.

Introduction: Radiotherapy (RT) may increase the dose of heart structure like left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD). The purpose of this paper was to evaluate the impact of various multileaf collimators (MLCs) in shielding organ at risks (OARs), especially LAD, of patients with left breast cancer.

Materials And Methods: Forty-five patients with left breast cancer were selected.

The Efficacy of Multi-Leaf Collimator in the Reduction of Cardiac and Coronary Artery Dose in Left-Sided Breast Cancer Radiotherapy.

Background: Multi-leaf collimator (MLC) is one of the efficient and cost-effective methods for protecting sensitive tissues around the target. This study aimed to evaluate the protective effect of MLC on the protection of sensitive organs in patients with left breast cancer.

Materials And Methods: This study was performed on computed tomography (CT) scans of 45 patients with left breast cancer.

A review of bismuth-based nanoparticles and their applications in radiosensitising and dose enhancement for cancer radiation therapy.

About 50% of cancer patients receive radiation therapy. Despite the therapeutic benefits of this method, the toxicity of radiation in the normal tissues is unavoidable To improve the quality of radiation therapy, in addition to other methods such as IMRT, IGRT, and high radiation dose, nanoparticles have shown excellent potential when ionising radiation is applied to the target volume. Recently, bismuth-based nanoparticles (BiNPs) have become particularly popular in radiation therapy due to their high atomic numbers (Z), high X-ray attenuation coefficient, low toxicity, and low cost.

A radiobiological comparison of hypo-fractionation versus conventional fractionation for breast cancer 3D-conformal radiation therapy.

Background: The present research was aimed to compare the toxicity and effectiveness of conventional fractionated radiotherapy versus hypo-fractionated radiotherapy in breast cancer utilizing a radiobiological model.

Materials And Methods: Thirty-five left-sided breast cancer patients without involvement of the supraclavicular and axillary lymph nodes (with the nodal stage of N0) that had been treated with conventional or hypo-fractionated were incorporated in this study. A radiobiological model was performed to foretell normal tissue complication probability (NTCP) and tumor control probability (TCP).

Study on the Dose Enhancement of Gold Nanoparticles When Exposed to Clinical Electron, Proton, and Alpha Particle Beams by Means of Geant4.

Background: Various factors effecting deposited energy and dose enhancement ratio (DER) in the simplified model of cell caused by the interaction of a cluster of gold nanoparticles (GNPs) with electron beams were assessed, and the results were compared with other sources through Geant4 Monte Carlo simulation toolkit.

Method: The effect of added GNPs on the DNA strand breaks level, irradiated to electron, proton, and alpha beams, is assessed.

Results: Presence of GNPs in the cell makes DER value more pronounced for low-energy photons rather than electron beam.