B Chromosome Transcriptional Inactivation in the Spermatogenesis of the Grasshopper .

Background/objectives: We analyzed the relationship between synapsis, recombination, and transcription during the spermatogenesis of the grasshopper carrying B chromosomes (type B1).

Methods: The progression of synapsis was interpreted according to the dynamics of the cohesin subunit SMC3 axes. DNA double-strand breaks were revealed by RAD51 immunolabeling, while transcriptional activity was determined by the presence of RNA polymerase II phosphorylated at serine 2 (pRNApol II) immunolabeling.

Longitudinal associations between biopsychosocial stress indicators and sleep in older Puerto Rican adults.

Objectives: To examine the association of biopsychosocial stress indicators (perceived stress, perceived discrimination, stressful life events, and allostatic load) with sleep outcomes (sleep duration and insomnia symptoms) and to examine sex and age interactions for associations between stress and sleep in older Puerto Rican adults.

Methods: Secondary analyses were performed with 830 participants (72% female) from wave 2 (2006-2011) of the Boston Puerto Rican Health Study (BPRHS), a prospective population-based cohort study (45-75years at baseline) and Boston Puerto Rican Osteoporosis Study (BPROS) (2007-2012), an ancillary study of the BPRHS. Recruitment occurred in randomly selected census blocks using door-to-door and community-based activities.

Lifetime Polyvictimization and Mental Health Outcomes in Women With vs Without Incarceration Histories: A Population-Based Latent Class Analysis.

We use latent class analysis, a life course framework, and information on the type, frequency, and timing of trauma exposure to identify distinct polytrauma groups in a national sample of women (AddHealth). We compare the identified polytrauma groups and their associations with mental health in adulthood in women with and without incarceration histories. A unique group with polyvictimization (neglect, physical, sexual) exposure in childhood by a caregiver in women with incarceration histories was not identified in women without incarceration histories.

Genome Engineering by RNA-Guided Transposition for sp. PCC 7120.

In genome engineering, the integration of incoming DNA has been dependent on enzymes produced by dividing cells, which has been a bottleneck toward increasing DNA insertion frequencies and accuracy. Recently, RNA-guided transposition with CRISPR-associated transposase (CAST) was reported as highly effective and specific in . Here, we developed Golden Gate vectors to test CAST in filamentous cyanobacteria and to show that it is effective in sp.

FurC (PerR) contributes to the regulation of peptidoglycan remodeling and intercellular molecular transfer in the cyanobacterium sp. strain PCC 7120.

Microbial extracellular proteins and metabolites provide valuable information concerning how microbes adapt to changing environments. In cyanobacteria, dynamic acclimation strategies involve a variety of regulatory mechanisms, being ferric uptake regulator proteins as key players in this process. In the nitrogen-fixing cyanobacterium sp.

The Arabin cervical pessary for the prevention of preterm birth in twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome treated by fetoscopic laser coagulation: a multicenter randomized controlled trial.

Background: Miscarriage and preterm birth are leading causes of loss and disability in monochorionic twins after laser treatment of twin-twin transfusion syndrome.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the use of cervical pessary to reduce preterm birth before 32 weeks of gestation in monochorionic diamniotic twin pregnancies after fetal surgery for twin-twin transfusion syndrome.

Study Design: In this open-label multicenter randomized trial, pregnant women carrying monochorionic diamniotic twins requiring fetoscopic laser coagulation for twin-twin transfusion syndrome were randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to pessary placement or conservative management.

A One Health approach based on genomics for enhancing the surveillance in Colombia.

Objectives: This study aimed to provide evidence of the domestic benefits of introducing an integrative genomic analysis from the One Health approach in the national surveillance of between 1997-2017 in Colombia.

Methods: Data on from clinical laboratory-based surveillance between 1997-2017 and from a national cross-sectional study at chicken retail stores in Colombia were compared using a phenotypic, molecular, and genomic approaches. Additional analysis by serovar using single nucleotide polymorphism was developed to increase the resolution of the relatedness between the interfaces.

Untapped Potential of Deep Eutectic Solvents for the Synthesis of Bioinspired Inorganic-Organic Materials.

Since the discovery of deep eutectic solvents (DESs) in 2003, significant progress has been made in the field, specifically advancing aspects of their preparation and physicochemical characterization. Their low-cost and unique tailored properties are reasons for their growing importance as a sustainable medium for the resource-efficient processing and synthesis of advanced materials. In this paper, the significance of these designer solvents and their beneficial features, in particular with respect to biomimetic materials chemistry, is discussed.

Angiogenic imbalance in maternal and cord blood is associated with neonatal birth weight and head circumference in pregnancies with major fetal congenital heart defect.

Objectives: To ascertain whether abnormalities in neonatal head circumference and/or body weight are associated with levels of angiogenic/antiangiogenic factors in the maternal and cord blood of pregnancies with a congenital heart defect (CHD) and to assess whether the specific type of CHD influences this association.

Methods: This was a multicenter case-control study of women carrying a fetus with major CHD. Recruitment was carried out between June 2010 and July 2018 at four tertiary care hospitals in Spain.

An overview of the tribological and mechanical properties of PEEK and CFR-PEEK for use in total joint replacements.

Poly-ether-ether-ketone (PEEK) and PEEK composites are outstanding candidates for biomedical applications, such as orthopedic devices, where biocompatibility and modulus match with surrounding tissue are requisite for long-term success. The mechanical properties can be optimized by incorporating fillers such as continuous and chopped carbon fibers. While much is known about the mechanical and tribological behavior of PEEK composites, there are few articles that summarize the viability of using PEEK reinforced with carbon fibers in orthopedic implants.

Longitudinal Associations Between Sleep and Cognitive Function in a Cohort of Older Puerto Rican Adults: Sex and Age Interactions.

Background: Evidence on sleep duration or quality and cognitive function in diverse older adults is limited. We examined prospective associations between subjective sleep measures and cognitive function, with modifying effects of sex and age (<65 vs ≥65 years).

Methods: Data are from the longitudinal Boston Puerto Rican Health Study, Waves 2 (n = 943) and 4 (n = 444), with mean follow-up of 10.

Fetal abdominal cysts: Predicting adverse outcomes.

Introduction: The primary aim of the study was to identify risk factors associated with fetal or neonatal loss, neonatal morbidity, and the need for surgery in fetuses diagnosed with an abdominal cyst. The secondary aim was to compare the characteristics of the cyst according to trimester at diagnosis.

Material And Methods: This was an observational retrospective study performed at Vall d'Hebron University Hospital.

Presurgery motor level assessment for prediction of motor level at birth in fetuses undergoing prenatal repair of open spina bifida: time to abandon anatomical level in counseling.

Objectives: First, to investigate the correlation between prenatal presurgery anatomical and motor levels of the lesion with motor level at birth in cases undergoing prenatal repair of open spina bifida and, second, to identify factors leading to a loss of two or more motor levels between the presurgery and postnatal assessments.

Methods: This was an observational study of singleton pregnancies undergoing prenatal repair of open spina bifida, conducted between March 2011 and May 2022. All fetuses underwent an ultrasound assessment at 20-24 weeks of gestation to determine the motor and anatomical levels of the lesion before surgery.

Caregiving for Foreign-Born Older Adults With Dementia.

Objectives: This study examines how nativity, dementia classification, and age of migration (AOM) of older foreign-born (FB) adults are associated with caregiver psychological well-being and care burden.

Methods: We used linked data from Round 1 and Round 5 of the National Health and Aging Trends Study and Round 5 of the National Study of Caregiving for a sample of nondementia caregivers (n = 941), dementia caregivers (n = 533), and matched care recipients. Ordinary least squares regression models were estimated, adjusting for caregiver characteristics.

Gestational age-based reference ranges for cervical length and preterm birth prediction in triplet pregnancies: an observational retrospective study.

Objectives: To develop gestational age-based reference ranges for cervical length in triplet pregnancies. The secondary objective was to assess the performance of cervical length measured between 18 and 20 + 6 days for the prediction of preterm delivery before 28 and 32 weeks, respectively.

Methods: Observational retrospective study of triplet pregnancies in three Spanish tertiary-care hospitals between 2001 and 2019.

A methodological framework for nanomechanical characterization of soft biomaterials and polymers.

Nanoindentation utilizes a hard indenter probe to deform the sample surface in order to measure local properties, such as indentation modulus and hardness. Initially intended for characterization of elastic and elastic-plastic materials, nanoindentation has more recently been utilized for viscoelastic solids as well as hydrated and soft biological materials. An advantage to nanoindentation is the ability to determine the nano- and microscale properties of materials with complex microstructures as well as those of limited sample dimension.

X Chromosome Inactivation during Grasshopper Spermatogenesis.

Regulation of transcriptional activity during meiosis depends on the interrelated processes of recombination and synapsis. In eutherian mammal spermatocytes, transcription levels change during prophase-I, being low at the onset of meiosis but highly increased from pachytene up to the end of diplotene. However, X and Y chromosomes, which usually present unsynapsed regions throughout prophase-I in male meiosis, undergo a specific pattern of transcriptional inactivation.

Integrating Scalable Genome Sequencing Into Microbiology Laboratories for Routine Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance.

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is considered a global threat, and novel drug discovery needs to be complemented with systematic and standardized epidemiological surveillance. Surveillance data are currently generated using phenotypic characterization. However, due to poor scalability, this approach does little for true epidemiological investigations.

Complexity of Genomic Epidemiology of Carbapenem-Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae Isolates in Colombia Urges the Reinforcement of Whole Genome Sequencing-Based Surveillance Programs.

Background: Carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) is an emerging public health problem. This study explores the specifics of CRKP epidemiology in Colombia based on whole genome sequencing (WGS) of the National Reference Laboratory at Instituto Nacional de Salud (INS)'s 2013-2017 sample collection.

Methods: A total of 425 CRKP isolates from 21 departments were analyzed by HiSeq-X10®Illumina high-throughput sequencing.