Maternal Circulating Vitamin D Level, Targeted Supplementation, and Perinatal Outcomes in Twin Pregnancy.

Background: Vitamin D deficiency is associated with several obstetric complications in singleton pregnancy. The aim of this study was to assess whether vitamin D levels affect the outcomes of twin pregnancy and if targeted supplementation can improve perinatal outcomes.

Methods: The serum vitamin D levels of 143 women with twin pregnancies were measured during their first trimester.

Retrospective comparison of monochorionic diamniotic twin pregnancies stratified by spontaneous or artificial conception.

Objectives: To compare outcomes of monochorionic diamniotic (MCDA) twin pregnancies by fertilization (IVF) vs. spontaneously conceived counterparts.

Methods: Retrospective comparison.

Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Does Not Worsen Obstetrical and Neonatal Outcomes of Twin Pregnancy.

The specific effects of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) on twin pregnancy outcomes, which are at high risk per se, are unclear. The present study analyzes outcomes of twin pregnancies complicated by GDM (n = 227) by comparing them with GDM singleton pregnancies (n = 1060) and with twin pregnancies without GDM (n = 1008), all followed up at Sant'Anna Hospital, Turin (Italy), between January 2010 and March 2020. The prevalence of GDM among twin pregnancies (n = 1235) was 18.

Accuracy assessment and screening of a dairy herd with paratuberculosis by three different ELISAs.

Although the culture of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosisis is the gold standard for the diagnosis of paratuberculosis, this bacterium is difficult to grow. In contrast, serological tests like ELISAs are inexpensive, rapid, and easy to perform.

[Identification of immunoreactive antigens of Leptospira interrogans].

A batch of 28 llama (Lama gama) sera from Jujuy province in Argentina was studied in order to identify immune reactive antigens to Leptospira interrogans. Different antigenic preparations from the bacterium were used to study the immune reactivity by the microagglutination (MAT), ELISA and Western immunoblot tests. A control pool of positive bovine sera was used.

Characterization of the Apa antigen from M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis: a conserved Mycobacterium antigen that elicits a strong humoral response in cattle.

Johne's disease or paratuberculosis is widespread in almost all countries and remains difficult to eradicate. Nowadays, diagnosis of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MPTB) infection is one of the main concerns.

Protection levels in vaccinated heifers with experimental vaccines Brucella abortus M1-luc and INTA 2.

Brucella abortus M1-luc is a mutant strain derived from S19 vaccine strain in which most of bp26 sequence has been replaced by the luciferase coding gene. Strain I2 is a double mutant derived from M1-luc in which most of omp19 has been deleted without introduction of any genetic markers. In BALB/c mice, M1-luc presented equivalent performance to S19 regarding persistence, splenomegaly and protection against challenge.

Development of an optical immunosensor based on the fluorescence of Cyanine-5 for veterinarian diagnostics.

A model optical immunosensor was developed to quantify an antibody present in a sample by measuring the fluorescence of Cyanine-5 conjugated with the antibody, using a competitive and a sandwich immunoreaction configuration, with the antigen immobilised in controlled pore glass beads. At pH 2, 94% of the antigen-antibody complex was dissociated, allowing reutilisation. Photobleaching had no effect on the fluorescence.

Brucella abortus INTA2, a novel strain 19 (Delta)bp26::luc (Delta)bmp18 double mutant lacking drug resistance markers.

Brucella abortus INTA2, a novel mutant strain, was constructed by inactivation of two B. abortus S19 genes: bp26 and bmp18, with the objective of obtaining a mutant strain that could be compatible with a diagnostic test and have less residual virulence than strain 19. The double mutant was constructed by replacing a large section of the bp26 coding region with the luciferase (luc) coding gene, resulting in mutant strain B.

Protection against infection in mice vaccinated with a Brucella abortus mutant.

This study determines whether a genetically engineered mutant of Brucella abortus, strain M-1, possesses differences in protective properties compared to the parental strain, vaccine S19. M-1 is a mutant unable to express BP26, a periplasmic protein with potential use in diagnosis. Mice vaccinated with S19 developed antibodies against BP26, while those vaccinated with M-1 did not.

Cloning of Brucella abortus gene and characterization of expressed 26-kilodalton periplasmic protein: potential use for diagnosis.

Brucella spp. are the causative agents of brucellosis in many different hosts, including humans. Most of the serological methods of diagnosis are based on the detection of antilipopolysaccharide antibodies, which makes the differentiation of vaccinated animals from infected animals difficult.

[Comparison of various methods for the measurement of the humoral immune response in mice vaccinated with aphthous fever virus].

Kinetics of the humoral immune primary response and seven-day secondary response of adult CF1 mice to FMDV O1 Campos adjuvanted in aluminium hydroxide-saponin (AHS) or in oil emulsion (OE) were evaluated by means of ELISA and passive hemagglutination (PH). Analysis of the response to AHS vaccine showed that ELISA measured maximal titres of primary response at 23 days post-vaccination (dpv), and at day 17 of secondary response, while PH detected maximal titres for primary as well as secondary response around day 60 pv. Mice immunized with OE vaccine studied by ELISA presented a plateau of primary response around 40 dpv, while secondary response was maximal around 80 dpv.

Development and application of a nonradioactive nucleic acid hybridization system for simultaneous detection of four potato pathogens.

cDNA clones of potato virus X (PVXcp strain), potato virus Y (PVYo strain), potato leaf roll virus (PLRV) and potato spindle tuber viroid (PSTV) were used separately or combined for the detection of the corresponding RNAs in extracts of infected plants. A general method for the rapid preparation of RNA extracts without use of organic solvents (i.e.

[Use of sarcoma 180 TG cells for obtaining ascitic fluid from mice hyperimmune to the foot-and-mouth disease virus].

Mice immunized with FMDV C3 Arg 84 antigen were inoculated intraperitoneally with sarcoma 180 TG. The ascitic fluid obtained by ventral puncture contained high titers of antibodies, similar to those obtained from serum, as determined by neutralization and ELISA tests. Ascitic volumes were 10 to 20 times greater than those obtainable with.

[Neutralization of foot-and-mouth disease virus O1 Campos by antibodies induced by a synthetic peptide].

Foot-and-Mouth disease virus (FMDV), contains a positive single-stranded RNA enclosed in a protein capsid. Previous studies have shown that a synthetic peptide located at the carboxyterminal end of VP1 of FMDV strain O1 Kaufbeuren (O1K) at the amino acid positions 144-159, and coupled to KLH was able to elicit high titers of neutralizing antibodies in guinea pigs and protected them against challenge with the homologous virus (8, 15). FMDV strain O1 Campos (O1 Ca) has a similar amino acid sequence to O1K, differing in amino acid 144 (leucin instead valine).

Biotinylated nucleic acid hybridization probes for potato virus detection.

cDNA libraries, representative of potato viruses X (PVXc strain) and Y (PVY degrees strain) genomes were obtained. A PVX cDNA cloned fragment was sequenced and biotinylated to be used as hybridization probe for the detection of purified virus or nucleic acid extracts of infected plants. Dot hybridization assay was sensitive to detect 4 ng of viral particles, corresponding to about 200 pg of viral RNA.