Comparative results of three short brachytherapy schedules as exclusive treatment in postoperative endometrial carcinoma.

Purpose: To compare vaginal control and treatment toxicity of three different high-dose-rate brachytherapy schedules as exclusive treatment in postoperative endometrial carcinoma.

Methods And Materials: From 2003 to 2015, three different schedules were used as postoperative treatment for 146 patients (p) with intermediate-risk endometrial carcinoma. Group 1 (41 p): six fractions of 4-6 Gy, 3-4 fractions per week; Group 2 (59 p): four fractions of 5-6 Gy administered daily; Group 3 (46 p): 6 Gy × 3 fractions in three consecutive days.

Bactericidal activity of the Ti-13Nb-13Zr alloy against different species of bacteria related with implant infection.

The Ti-6Al-4V alloy is one of the most commonly used in orthopedic surgery. Despite its advantages, there is an increasing need to use new titanium alloys with no toxic elements and improved biomechanical properties, such as Ti-13Nb-13Zr. Prosthetic joint infections (PJI) are mainly caused by Gram-positive bacteria; however, Gram-negative bacteria are a growing problem due to associated multidrug resistance.

Individualized 3D scanning and printing for non-melanoma skin cancer brachytherapy: a financial study for its integration into clinical workflow.

Purpose: Skin cancer is the most common tumor in the population. There are different therapeutic modalities. Brachytherapy is one of the techniques used, in which it is necessary to build customized moulds for some patients.

The usefulness of fleet rectal enemas on high-dose-rate intracavitary cervical cancer brachytherapy. A prospective trial.

Purpose: To evaluate the effects of rectal enemas on rectal doses during radical high-dose-rate (HDR) intracavitary cervical brachytherapy (BT).

Material And Methods: Twenty patients suffering from cervical cancer and treated with external beam radiotherapy and HDR-BT were included in a prospective trial. The first brachytherapy fraction was considered the basal status, and patients were instructed to self-administer two rectal cleansing enemas before the second fraction.

Evaluation of bacterial adherence of clinical isolates of using a competitive model: An approach to the "race for the surface" theory.

Objectives: Implant-related infection is one of the most devastating complications in orthopaedic surgery. Many surface and/or material modifications have been developed in order to minimise this problem; however, most of the studies did not evaluate bacterial adhesion in the presence of eukaryotic cells, as stated by the 'race for the surface' theory. Moreover, the adherence of numerous clinical strains with different initial concentrations has not been studied.

Argentine references for the assessment of body proportions from birth to 17 years of age.

Introduction: Abnormal body proportions may indicate skeletal disorders; therefore, their detection has great clinical significance.

Objetives: To estimate centiles for head circumference/height (HC/H) and sitting height/height (SH/H) ratios, and assess their diagnostic usefulness among a group of children with skeletal dysplasia.

Methods: Centiles 3, 10, 25, 50, 75, 90 and 97 for HC/H and SH/H ratios were estimated with the LMS method using Box-Cox transformation to normalize data distribution for each age.

Prognostic correlation of cell cycle progression score and Ki-67 as a predictor of aggressiveness, biochemical failure, and mortality in men with high-risk prostate cancer treated with external beam radiation therapy.

Objectives: Ki-67 is a proliferation marker in prostate cancer. A prognostic RNA signature was developed to characterize prostate cancer aggressiveness. The aim was to evaluate prognostic correlation of CCP and Ki-67 with biochemical failure (BF), and survival in high-risk prostate cancer patients (pts) treated with radiation therapy (RT).

Environmental exposure to low-doses of ionizing radiation. Effects on early nephrotoxicity in mice.

Nuclear accidents of tremendous magnitude, such as those of Chernobyl (1986) and Fukushima (2011), mean that individuals living in the contaminated areas are potentially exposed to ionizing radiation (IR). However, the dose-response relationship for effects of low doses of radiation is not still established. The present study was aimed at investigating in mice the early effects of low-dose internal radiation exposure on the kidney.

Cardio-Onco-Hematology in Clinical Practice. Position Paper and Recommendations.

Improvements in early detection and treatment have markedly reduced cancer-related mortality. However survival not only depends on effectively cure cancer, but prevention, diagnosis and treatment of cancer-related complications is also needed. Cardiovascular toxicity is a widespread problem across many classes of therapeutic schemes, however scientific evidence in the management of cardiovascular complications of onco-hematological patients is scarce, as these patients have been systematically excluded from clinical trials and current recommendations are based on expert consensus.

Understanding variations in the use of hypofractionated radiotherapy and its specific indications for breast cancer: A mixed-methods study.

Background And Purpose: Radiation oncology guidelines favour hypofractionated whole-breast radiotherapy (HWBRT) over more conventional schemes in the conservative treatment of breast cancer, but its adoption still varies in clinical practice. This study assessed the patterns of HWBRT adoption in Catalonia (Spain).

Material And Methods: We used a mixed-methods approach based on an explanatory sequential design, first collecting and analysing quantitative data on HWBRT use (>2.

ProtASR: An Evolutionary Framework for Ancestral Protein Reconstruction with Selection on Folding Stability.

The computational reconstruction of ancestral proteins provides information on past biological events and has practical implications for biomedicine and biotechnology. Currently available tools for ancestral sequence reconstruction (ASR) are often based on empirical amino acid substitution models that assume that all sites evolve at the same rate and under the same process. However, this assumption is frequently violated because protein evolution is highly heterogeneous due to different selective constraints among sites.

A new short daily brachytherapy schedule in postoperative endometrial carcinoma. Preliminary results.

Purpose: To evaluate the preliminary results of vaginal-cuff relapses (VCR) and complications of a short brachytherapy (BT) schedule in postoperative endometrial carcinoma.

Methods And Materials: From September 2011 to December 2014, 102 patients were treated with postoperative BT for endometrial carcinoma. Seventy-four patients received a single 7 Gy dose after external beam irradiation (Group 1), and 28 intermediate-risk patients received three daily fractions of 6 Gy (Group 2).

Bacterial and fungal biofilm formation on anodized titanium alloys with fluorine.

Orthopaedic device-related infections are closely linked to biofilm formation on the surfaces of these devices. Several modified titanium (Ti-6Al-4V) surfaces doped with fluorine were studied in order to evaluate the influence of these modifications on biofilm formation by Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria as well as a yeast. The biofilm studies were performed according to the standard test method approved by ASTM (Designation: E2196-12) using the Rotating Disk Reactor.

The 2016 Assisi Think Tank Meeting on breast cancer: white paper.

Purpose: To identify weak points in daily routine use of radiation therapy (RT) for non-metastatic breast cancer patients, particularly when data are lacking or equivocal, a "think tank" of experts met in Assisi.

Methods: Before the meeting, controversial issues on non-metastatic breast cancer were identified and reviewed, and clinical practice investigated by means of an online questionnaire. During the 3-day meeting, topics were discussed in-depth with attendees and potential sponsors that are involved in breast cancer treatment.

Relationships Between Metformin, Paraoxonase-1 and the Chemokine (C-C Motif) Ligand 2.

Metformin is a biguanide used in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus and obesity. The main mechanism of action is to decrease the intestinal glucose absorption and the hepatic glucose production, however, it does not influence insulin secretion. Metformin also increases the affinity of the insulin receptor, reduces high insulin levels and improves insulin resistance.

Radiotherapy for Graves' disease. The possible role of low-dose radiotherapy.

Immunomodulatory effects of low-dose radiotherapy (LD-RT) have been used for the treatment of several benign diseases, including arthrodegenerative and inflammatory pathologies. Graves' disease is an autoimmune disease and radiotherapy (RT) is a therapeutic option for ocular complications. The dose recommended in the clinical practice is 20 Gy (2 Gy/day).

Topiramate increases the rewarding properties of cocaine in young-adult mice limiting its clinical usefulness.

Rationale: Topiramate is an anticonvulsant drug which has been evaluated as a therapeutic option for the treatment of cocaine addiction during the last decade.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of topiramate on the reinforcing actions of cocaine. To this aim, the topiramate-mediated regulation of acquisition and extinction phases of the cocaine conditioned place preference (CPP) was assessed in young-adult mice using three experimental designs.

Radiation Oncology Teaching Programmes as Part of the Undergraduate Degree in Medicine in Spanish Universities: the Need for an Update of the Contents and Structure.

The relevance of radiation oncology (RO) teaching in the Faculty of Medicine Degree Plan is justified by the high number of cancer patients who will require it at some point in their evolution of radiotherapy (RT). About 40 % of the population who will suffer cancer will be cured by RT alone or other related treatment modalities. Therefore, cancer education and RT teaching needs to have an in depth impact in the undergraduate medicine programmes.

Over-irradiation.

Decreasing the burden of radiation therapy (RT) for breast cancer includes, next to complete omission, several ways to tailor the extent of RT. Possible options for this include lowering of the total dose, such as selective omission of the boost, hypofractionated RT to shorten the duration of treatment, the selective introduction of partial breast irradiation and anatomy based target volume contouring to decrease the size of the irradiated volumes. Elective regional nodal irradiation showed in several randomised trials and meta-analyses to significantly impact on local-regional control, disease-free survival, breast cancer mortality and overall survival.

Anti-proliferative and pro-apoptotic effects of GHRH antagonists in prostate cancer.

Growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH) and its receptors have been implicated in the progression of various tumors. In vitro and in vivo studies have demonstrated that GHRH antagonists inhibit the growth of several cancers. GHRH antagonists, JMR-132 and JV-1-38 inhibit the growth of androgen-independent prostate tumors.

Analysing the integration of MR images acquired in a non-radiotherapy treatment position into the radiotherapy workflow using deformable and rigid registration.

Aim: Our aim was to analyse the feasibility of integrating an MRI acquired in a non-radiotherapy set-up into the prostate cancer radiotherapy workflow.

Material And Methods: The MRIs of 15 prostate cancer patients, acquired with a flat table-top (MRI-flat), and with a curved tabletop (MRI-curve) were analysed. MRIs were rigidly (RIR) and non-rigidly registered (DIR) with CT images.

Effect of rectal enemas on rectal dosimetric parameters during high-dose-rate vaginal cuff brachytherapy: A prospective trial.

Purpose: To evaluate the effects of rectal enemas on rectal doses during postoperative high-dose-rate (HDR) vaginal cuff brachytherapy (VCB).

Patients And Methods: This prospective trial included 59 patients. Two rectal cleansing enemas were self-administered before the second fraction, and fraction 1 was considered the basal status.