Targeting deoxycytidine kinase improves symptoms in mouse models of multiple sclerosis.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease driven by lymphocyte activation against myelin autoantigens in the central nervous system leading to demyelination and neurodegeneration. The deoxyribonucleoside salvage pathway with the rate-limiting enzyme deoxycytidine kinase (dCK) captures extracellular deoxyribonucleosides for use in intracellular deoxyribonucleotide metabolism. Previous studies have shown that deoxyribonucleoside salvage activity is enriched in lymphocytes and required for early lymphocyte development.

Endoscopic transaxillary first rib resection for thoracic outlet syndrome: a safe surgical option.

Background: Endoscopic-assisted transaxillary first rib resection is a novel approach in the management of thoracic outlet syndrome (TOS) and allows us to safely identify the neurovascular package and different structures. Our main objective is to assess the results of morbidity and mortality of the surgical treatment in TOS with this technique.

Methods: We carried out a prospective, longitudinal study with 22 surgical interventions of transaxillary first rib resection with endoscopic support in patients with TOS from January 2000 to January 2009 in a private hospital located in Puebla, Mexico.