Lack of fibro-inflammatory response in human mammary adipose tissue in obesity.

Background: Understanding how obesity impacts human mammary adipose tissue (MAT) biology is crucial for deciphering its role in mammary epithelium during both physiological and pathophysiological processes, including breast cancer. Hypertrophic mammary adipocytes and Crown-Like Structures are present in MAT of patients with obesity but whether these changes initiate a fibro-inflammatory response at the tissue level remains insufficiently explored.

Objective: We investigated the markers of adipose tissue dysfunction (immune cell infiltration, secretion pattern and fibrosis) in tumor-free MAT of patients with obesity versus patients who are lean.

Tumor-associated macrophages confer resistance to chemotherapy (Trifluridine/Tipiracil) in digestive cancers by overexpressing thymidine phosphorylase.

Pyrimidine analogs are part of the first-line chemotherapy regimen for gastrointestinal cancers. Trifluridine combined with tipiracil, a specific thymidine phosphorylase inhibitor, in TAS-102 has recently emerged as a potential alternative in the face of primary or secondary chemoresistance to 5-fluorouracil. Despite its promise, we report that macrophage-specific overexpression of thymidine phosphorylase results in macrophage-induced chemoresistance to TAS-102 that is insensitive to tipiracil inhibition.

Evaluation of the Humoral Response after Immunization with a Chimeric Subunit Vaccine against Shiga Toxin-Producing in Pregnant Sows and Their Offspring.

Shiga toxin-producing (STEC) poses a significant public health risk due to its zoonotic potential and association with severe human diseases, such as hemorrhagic colitis and hemolytic uremic syndrome. Ruminants are recognized as primary reservoirs for STEC, but swine also contribute to the epidemiology of this pathogen, highlighting the need for effective prevention strategies across species. Notably, a subgroup of STEC that produces Shiga toxin type 2e (Stx2e) causes edema disease (ED) in newborn piglets, economically affecting pig production.

Distribution of and Variants among Genotypes: Association with Major Extraintestinal Pathogenic Lineages.

The pyelonephritis-associated fimbria (P fimbria) is one of the most recognized adhesion determinants of extraintestinal pathogenic strains (ExPECs). Twelve variants have been described for the gene encoding the P fimbria major structural subunit PapA and three variants for the gene encoding the adhesin subunit PapG. However, their distribution among the ExPEC diversity has not been comprehensively addressed.

Exploring How the Arms Can Help the Legs in Facilitating Gait Rehabilitation.

Inspired by the ideas from the fields of gait rehabilitation, neuroscience, and locomotion biomechanics and energetics, a body of work is reviewed that has led to propose a conceptual framework for novel "self-assistive" walking devices that could further promote walking recovery from incomplete spinal cord injuries. The underlying rationale is based on a neural coupling mechanism that governs the coordinated movements of the arms and legs during walking, and that the excitability of these neural pathways can be exploited by actively engaging the arms during locomotor training. Self-assistive treadmill walking rehabilitation devices are envisioned as an approach that would allow an individual to actively use their arms to help the legs during walking.

Metabolic Costs of Walking with Weighted Vests.

Introduction: The US Army Load Carriage Decision Aid (LCDA) metabolic model is used by militaries across the globe and is intended to predict physiological responses, specifically metabolic costs, in a wide range of dismounted warfighter operations. However, the LCDA has yet to be adapted for vest-borne load carriage, which is commonplace in tactical populations, and differs in energetic costs to backpacking and other forms of load carriage.

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to develop and validate a metabolic model term that accurately estimates the effect of weighted vest loads on standing and walking metabolic rate for military mission-planning and general applications.

Estimating Metabolic Energy Expenditure During Level Running in Healthy, Military-Age Women and Men.

Looney, DP, Hoogkamer, W, Kram, R, Arellano, CJ, and Spiering, BA. Estimating metabolic energy expenditure during level running in healthy, military-age women and men. J Strength Cond Res 37(12): 2496-2503, 2023-Quantifying the rate of metabolic energy expenditure (Ṁ) of varied aerobic exercise modalities is important for optimizing fueling and performance and maintaining safety in military personnel operating in extreme conditions.

Graft-Host Interaction and Its Effect on Wound Repair Using Mouse Models.

Autologous skin grafting has been commonly used in clinics for decades to close large wounds, yet the cellular and molecular interactions between the wound bed and the graft that mediates the wound repair are not fully understood. The aim of this study was to better understand the molecular changes in the wound triggered by autologous and synthetic grafting. Defining the wound changes at the molecular level during grafting sets the basis to test other engineered skin grafts by design.

Here Puppy, Chew on This: Short-Term Provision of Toys Does Not Improve Welfare in Companion Dogs.

Retail dog toys are often provided to companion animals to provide cognitive and physical stimu- lation and improve the animals' quality of life. These toys, sometimes known as "enrichment toys", have been shown to play a role in increasing appetite and activity levels and decreasing undesirable behaviors (e.g.

Cannabis use following bariatric surgery is associated with anxiety and maladaptive eating.

Background: There are limited data regarding the association of cannabis use with outcomes after bariatric surgery. As such, it is challenging to know how to counsel patients using cannabis.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to examine whether postsurgical cannabis use was associated with psychiatric symptoms and maladaptive eating among individuals up to 4 years after bariatric surgery.

REPSOL oil spill off Central Perú in January 2022: A modeling case study.

This study simulates the spillage of 1460 metric tons of oil that occurred in January 2022 off La Pampilla Refinery, in central Perú. The oil slick was predominantly displaced northward along the coastline, driven by prevailing currents and winds in the region. The weathering analysis revealed that the removal of oil was mainly due to evaporation (28%) and beaching processes (70%) within 96 h after the initial release.

Post-surgical cannabis use is associated with weight loss among individuals up to 4 years after bariatric surgery.

Introduction: Although cannabis is known to stimulate appetite, it is not clear whether cannabis use may impact weight loss outcomes following bariatric surgery. Although some work has suggested that pre-surgical cannabis use is not associated with post-surgical weight loss, the role of post-surgical cannabis use has not yet been examined. The purpose of this study was to measure pre- and post-surgical cannabis use and determine whether cannabis use was associated with weight loss outcomes following bariatric surgery.

A novel 3D culture model for human primary mammary adipocytes to study their metabolic crosstalk with breast cancer in lean and obese conditions.

Obesity is a negative prognosis factor for breast cancer. Yet, the biological mechanisms underlying this effect are still largely unknown. An emerging hypothesis is that the transfer of free fatty acids (FFA) between adipocytes and tumor cells might be altered under obese conditions, contributing to tumor progression.

"Floating" Stent in a Coronary Aneurysm Presenting as ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction.

Coronary artery aneurysm (CAA) presenting as an ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) represents a clinical challenge due to the technical difficulties in the percutaneous management of this specific situation. Appropriate treatment for CAA depends on the precise clinical situation and consists of medical management, surgical resection, or/and stent placement. The high rate of complications during percutaneous intervention (distal thrombus embolization, no-reflow phenomenon, stent malposition, or dissection) makes emergent surgery a frequent situation in these cases.

Fast Arthroscopic Biceps Tenodesis Without Penetrating Grasper.

Long head of the biceps pathology is a common cause of shoulder pain and dysfunction. Surgical treatment can be either a tenotomy or a tenodesis. Long-term results may be similar in both surgical techniques; however, the latest systematic reviews indicate that tenodesis offers superior clinical and functional results in young patients and athletes.

Heteropolymetallic [FeFe]-Hydrogenase Mimics: Synthesis and Electrochemical Properties.

The synthesis and electrochemical properties of tetranuclear [FeS]-hydrogenase mimic species containing Pt(II), Ni(II), and Ru(II) complexes have been studied. To this end, a new tetranuclear [FeS] complex containing a 5,5'-diisocyanide-2,2'-bipyridine bridging ligand has been designed and coordinated to the metal complexes through the bipyridine moiety. Thus, the tetranuclear [FeS] complex () coordinates to Pt(II), Ni(II) and Ru(II) yielding the corresponding metal complexes.

Safety and Immunogenicity of a Chimeric Subunit Vaccine against Shiga Toxin-Producing in Pregnant Cows.

Shiga toxin-producing (STEC) is a zoonotic pathogen that causes gastroenteritis and Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome. Cattle are the main animal reservoir, excreting the bacteria in their feces and contaminating the environment. In addition, meat can be contaminated by releasing the intestinal content during slaughtering.

Clinical and economic burden of benign and malignant skin lesions in renal transplant recipients.

Background: Studies evaluating the economic burden of dermatological care in the transplant setting are currently not available in Australia.

Aims: To evaluate the clinical and economic burden of benign and malignant skin lesions in renal transplant recipients in Central Queensland.

Methods: A bottom-up approach was used to determine the clinical burden and direct costs from patient-level Medicare data obtained from Service Australia for skin lesions.

Platelet lysate can support the development of a 3D-engineered skin for clinical application.

Safety concerns associated with foetal bovine serum (FBS) have restricted its translation into clinics. We hypothesised that platelet lysate (PL) can be utilised as a safe alternative to produce serum-free 3D-engineered skin. PL supported a short-term expansion of fibroblasts, with negligible replication-induced senescence and directed epidermal stratification.

Biological Role of Pazopanib and Sunitinib Aldehyde Derivatives in Drug-Induced Liver Injury.

Tyrosine kinase inhibitors pazopanib and sunitinib are both used to treat advanced renal cell carcinoma but expose patients to an increased risk of hepatotoxicity. We have previously identified two aldehyde derivatives for pazopanib and sunitinib (P-CHO and S-CHO, respectively) in liver microsomes. In this study, we aimed to decipher their role in hepatotoxicity by treating HepG2 and HepaRG hepatic cell lines with these derivatives and evaluating cell viability, mitochondrial dysfunction, and oxidative stress accumulation.

New Variants of Pseudomonas High-Risk Clone ST233 Associated with an Outbreak in a Mexican Paediatric Hospital.

Recent multidrug resistance in has favoured the adaptation and dissemination of worldwide high-risk strains. In June 2018, 15 strains isolated from patients and a contaminated multi-dose meropenem vial were characterized to assess their association to an outbreak in a Mexican paediatric hospital. The strains were characterized by antibiotic susceptibility profiling, virulence factors' production, and biofilm formation.

A simple method reveals minimum time required to quantify steady-rate metabolism and net cost of transport for human walking.

The U-shaped net cost of transport (COT) curve of walking has helped scientists understand the biomechanical basis that underlies energy minimization during walking. However, to produce an individual's net COT curve, data must be analyzed during periods of steady-rate metabolism. Traditionally, studies analyze the last few minutes of a 6-10 min trial, assuming that steady-rate metabolism has been achieved.

Step-to-step variability indicates disruption to balance control when linking the arms and legs during treadmill walking.

We recently discovered that a rope-pulley system that mechanically coupling the arms, legs and treadmill during walking can assist with forward propulsion in healthy subjects, leading to significant reductions in metabolic cost. However, walking balance may have been compromised, which could hinder the potential use of this device for gait rehabilitation. We performed a secondary analysis by quantifying average step width, step length, and step time, and used their variability to reflect simple metrics of walking balance (n = 8).