Contributing Factors for Calcium Changes During Hospitalization in COVID-19: A Longitudinal Study.

Background: Hypocalcemia is highly prevalent in Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). There is limited evidence about the course and roles of different parameters in the occurrence of new or worsening hypocalcemia.

Objectives: This prospective longitudinal study was conducted on hospitalized COVID-19 patients in Qazvin, Iran, in 2021.

Hypocalcemia in hospitalized patients with COVID-19: roles of hypovitaminosis D and functional hypoparathyroidism.

Introduction: Despite the high prevalence of hypocalcemia in patients with COVID-19, very limited studies have been designed to evaluate etiologies of this disorder. This study was designed to evaluate the status of serum parameters involved in calcium metabolism in patients with COVID-19 and hypocalcemia.

Materials And Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 123 hospitalized patients with COVID-19.

Wide Spectrum of Thyroid Function Tests in COVID-19: From Nonthyroidal Illness to Isolated Hyperthyroxinemia.

Background: Changes in thyroid function test (TFT) in COVID-19 patients have been reported in several studies. However, some features such as thyrotoxicosis are inconsistent in these studies. In addition, some drugs such as heparin interfere with the free T4 assay.

Association of weekly or biweekly use of 50 000 IU vitamin D3 with hypervitaminosis D.

Since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, many Iranian people have been taking 50 000 IU of vitamin D3 on weekly or biweekly bases in order to enhance their immune system function. This cross-sectional study was conducted on the patients of endocrinology clinic to compare 25(OH)D levels of weekly or biweekly consumption with the monthly users of vitamin D3 50 000 IU. The level >100 ng/mL of 25(OH)D was defined as hypervitaminosis D.

Atopic dermatitis and systemic autoimmune diseases: a descriptive cross sectional study.

Atopic dermatitis (AD) has a Th2 (T-helper 2) immune-reactivity pattern. However, the majority of systemic autoimmune diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis, and insulin dependent diabetes mellitus show a Th1 (T-helper 1) reactivity pattern. From this, one may hypothesize that AD and the Th1 autoimmune diseases could be inversely associated and AD may be more common in the minority of autoimmune diseases with a Th2 overactivity pattern such as systemic lupus erythematosus.