Hydro-geochemistry and age-dependent health risk assessment of nitrate, nitrite, and fluoride in health facilities water: a multivariate analysis.

Groundwater from alluvial fan plains is the prevailing water source, especially for arid/semiarid regions, but its contamination poses substantial risks to water supply and public health. The recent study aims to assess the hydro-geochemistry, distribution, and potential health risks of NO, NO, and F concentrations in the groundwater of previously unexplored health facilities in District Vehari, Punjab, Pakistan. In total, 75 groundwater samples were evaluated for NO, NO, and F levels as well as pH, EC, TDS, CO, HCO, Cl, Na, Fe, K, Ca, Mg, taste, odor, color, and turbidity.