Antiproliferative Illudalane Sesquiterpenes from the Marine Sediment Ascomycete .

The new asperorlactone (), along with the known illudalane sesquiterpene echinolactone D (), two known pyrones, 4-(hydroxymethyl)-5-hydroxy-2-pyran-2-one () and its acetate , and 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde (), were isolated from a culture of , collected from Red Sea marine sediments. The structure of asperorlactone () was elucidated by HR-ESIMS, 1D, and 2D NMR, and a comparison between experimental and DFT calculated electronic circular dichroism (ECD) spectra. This is the first report of illudalane sesquiterpenoids from fungi and, more in general, from ascomycetes.

Montbresides A-D: antibacterial p-coumaroyl esters of a new sucrose-based tetrasaccharide from Crocosmia × crocosmiiflora (montbretia) flowers.

Crocosmia × crocosmiiflora (montbretia) flowers yielded four esters (montbresides A-D) of a new sucrose-based tetrasaccharide, 3-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl-4´-O-α-d-rhamnopyranosyl-sucrose [β-d-Glc-(1 → 3)-α-d-Glc-(1↔2)-β-d-Fru-(4 ← 1)-α-d-Rha]. All four possess O-p-coumaroyl residues on C-3 of fructose and C-4 of α-glucose, plus O-acetyl residues on C-2 and C-3 of rhamnose and C-6 of fructose. Montbresides A and B are additionally O-acetylated on C-1 of fructose.

Pharmacological Evaluation of Secondary Metabolites and Their Simultaneous Determination in the Arabian Medicinal Plant Using HPTLC Validated Method.

is an important genus of the Loranthaceae family, and it is a semiparasitic plant grown in Saudi Arabia, traditionally used as a cure for diabetes and cancer in human and for increasing lactation in cattle. A flavonoid quercetin (), (-)-catechin (), and a flavane gallate 2S,3R-3,3',4',5,7-pentahydroxyflavane-5-O-gallate () were isolated from the methanol extract of the aerial parts of (PCME). The PCME and the isolated compounds were subjected to pharmacological assays to estimate peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors PPAR and PPAR agonistic, anti-inflammatory, cytotoxic, and antimicrobial activities.

Antimicrobial guaianolide sesquiterpenoids from leaves of the Saudi Arabian plant Anvillea garcinii.

Anvillea garcinii is a medicinal plant used in the Arab region for intestinal diseases, lungs and liver diseases, digestive problems, and as an anti-diabetic. Repeated chromatographic purifications of A. garcinii leaves led to the isolation of two undescribed guaiane sesquiterpene lactones (1-2), along with four known germacranolides (3-6).

Biological Evaluation of Different Extracts of Aerial Parts of and Standardization of Active Extracts Using 8-Epi-7-Deoxyloganic Acid and Ursolic Acid by Validated HPTLC Method.

(Lamiaceae) is a well-known medicinal plant that grows in Saudi Arabia. This plant is used in Saudi and Yemeni folk medicine as an anti-inflammatory, carminative, and antirheumatic agent. In order to prove its use in folk medicine, four different extracts from the aerial parts of the plant: petroleum ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate, and -butanol extracts were subjected to biological assays to screen PPAR and PPAR agnostic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and cytotoxic activities.

CE-DAD Determination of Scutellarein and Caffeic Acid in Abelia triflora Crude Extract.

A precise, accurate, selective and sensitive capillary electrophoresis method using a diode array detector was developed for the first time for the determination of both scutellarein (SLN) and caffeic acid (CAA) in prepared Abelia triflora extract. Electrophoretic analysis was performed using a background electrolyte solution consisting of borax buffer (40 mM, pH 9.2) and a 200-nm detection wavelength.

Evaluation of Antiulcer and Cytotoxic Potential of the Leaf, Flower, and Fruit Extracts of and Isolation of a New Lignan Glycoside.

is traditionally used for treating many diseases including ulcers and tumors. It was thus deemed of interest to investigate and compare the antiulcer and cytotoxic activities of leaf, flower, and fruit extracts in an attempt to verify its traditional uses. Phytochemical studies on the fruits, flowers, and leaves of collected from the desert of Saudi Arabia, led to the isolation of one new lignan 7'-methoxy-3'--demethyl-tanegool-9---d-glucopyranoside and five known compounds from the flowers, four compounds from leaves, and a flavonoid glycoside and a lignan glycoside from the fruits.

Nepeta deflersiana attenuates isoproterenol-induced myocardial injuries in rats: Possible involvement of oxidative stress, apoptosis, inflammation through nuclear factor (NF)-κB downregulation.

Background: Nepeta deflersiana (Lamiaceae) is a perennial herb used in the Saudi and Yemeni folk medicine as an anti-inflammatory, carminative, and antirheumatic agent.

Purpose: This study explores the phytochemistry of the plant and the cardioprotective effect of N. deflersiana ethanolic extract (NDEE) against isoproterenol (ISP)-induced myocardial injury in rats.

Hepatoprotective and cytotoxic activities of Anvillea garcinii and isolation of four new secondary metabolites.

Anvillea garcinii is a medicinal plant traditionally used for the treatment of dysentery, gastrointestinal troubles, hepatitis, lung disease, colds, digestive problems and pulmonary affections and in liver diseases. Four new sesquiterpene lactones, garcinamines A-D, along with seven known compounds, were isolated from the leaves of A. garcinii.

New ellagic acid derivative from the fruits of heat-tolerant plant Conocarpus lancifolius Engl. and their anti-inflammatory, cytotoxic, PPAR agonistic activities.

Conocarpus lancifolius (Combretaceae), is distributed in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. It is a heat-tolerant Saudi medicinal plant, demonstrates prominent antidiabetic potential and the fruit extract fruits showed cytotoxicity against MRC-5 cancer cell line, as well as prominent antiprotozoal and antibacterial activities. The objective of this study is to isolate the compounds and evaluate the anti-inflammatory, cytotoxic, PPAR agonistic and antioxidant activities of extracts and pure constituents from C.

Bioactivity and chemical characterization of Forssk. growing in Saudi Arabia.

is an important genus of the Euphorbiaceae family. The genus is represented by five species in Saudi Arabia. Forssk.

Cytotoxic glucosphingolipid from Celtis Africana.

Background: Literature survey proved the use of the powdered sun-dried bark and roots of Celtis africana for the treatment of cancer in South Africa.

Objective: The aim of this study was to do further isolation work on the ethyl acetate fraction and to investigate the cytotoxic activities of the various fractions and isolated compound.

Materials And Methods: Cytotoxicity of petroleum ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate, n-butanol fractions and compound 1 were tested on mouse lymphoma cell line L5178Y using the microculture tetrazolium assay.

Cytotoxicity Assessment of Six Different Extracts of Abelia triflora leaves on A-549 Human Lung Adenocarcinoma Cells.

The present investigation was designed to assess the anticancer activity of six different leaf extracts (ethyl acetate, methanol, chloroform, petroleum ether, n-butanol, and water soluble) of Abelia triflora on A-549 human lung adenocarcinoma epithelial cells. A-549 cells were exposed to 10-1000 μg/ml concentrations of the leaf extracts of A. triflorafor 24 h and then percentage cell viability was assessed by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2yl)-2,5-biphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay.

Abeliaside, a new phenolic glucoside from Abelia triflora.

A new phenolic glucoside, abeliaside, along with four known compounds, 5,6,7,4'-tetrahydroxy flavones, caffeic acid, 4-O-caffeoylquinic acid and caffeic acid glucoside, was isolated from the leaves of Abelia triflora R. Br. (Caprifoliaceae).

Molecular mechanisms that underlie the sexual stimulant actions of Avicennia marina (Forssk.) Vierh. and Crocus sativus L.

The effects of extracts and sub-fractions of Avicennia marina, Crocus sativus and sildenafil on the sexual behavior of male rats and their effects on the intracavernosal pressure (I.CV), intracavernosal cyclic GMP and dihydrotestosterone plasma level were examined. The sexual behavior was followed for four hours using infra-red video cameras to quantify the effects on various male sexual behaviors.

New flavonol glycosides from the leaves of Caragana brachyantha.

Two new flavonol glycosides, brachysides C and D, together with three known flavonol glycosides, were isolated from the leaves of Caragana brachyantha. The structures of brachysides C and D were elucidated on the basis of detailed spectroscopic analysis as quercetin 5-O-[α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 → 6)-β-D-glucopyranoside]-7-O-[α-L-rhamnopyranoside] and quercetin 5-O-[α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 → 6)-β-D-glucopyranoside]-7-O-[α-L-rhamnopyranoside]-4'-O-[α-L-rhamnopyranoside], respectively. The presence of flavonol tetra- and triglycosides bearing a sugar moiety at position 5 was the first report from this genus Caragana.

Anticancer activity of flavane gallates isolated from Plicosepalus curviflorus.

Background: Previous investigation of the methanol extract of Plicosepalus curviflorus leaves led to the isolation of two new flavane gallates (1, 2), together with other compounds including quercetin (3). The stems of P. curviflorus are used traditionally for the treatment of cancer in Yemen.

New flavane gallates isolated from the leaves of Plicosepalus curviflorus and their hypoglycemic activity.

Two new flavane gallates were isolated from the leaves of Plicosepalus curviflorus. The structure of the new compounds was established as 2S,3R-3,3',4',5,7-pentahydroxyflavane-5-O-gallate (1) and 2S,3R-3,3',4',5,5',7-hexahydroxyflavane-4',5-di-O-gallate (2), respectively. In addition, seven known compounds (-)-catechin (3), quercetin (4), lupeol (5), β-sitosterol (6), pomolic acid (7), β-sitosterol 3-O-β-d-glucopyranoside (8) and 4-methoxycinnamic acid (9) were reported for the first time from the genus Plicosepalus.

Bioactive phenolic amides from Celtis africana.

Nine compounds have been isolated for the first time from Celtis africana, namely trans-N-coumaroyltyramine (1), trans-N-feruloyltyramine (2), trans-N-caffeoyltyramine (3), lauric acid (4), oleic acid (5), palmitic acid (6), lupeol (7), β-sitosterol (8) and oleanolic acid (9), respectively. Their structures have been elucidated by different spectroscopic techniques. The isolated compounds were screened for their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and acetylcholinestrease enzyme inhibitory activities.

Hepatoprotective constituents from Cleome droserifolia.

The effect of ethanol extract from aerial parts of Cleome droserifolia was investigated against carbon tetrachloride induced liver injury. The hepatoprotective activity was evaluated through the quantification of biochemical parameters and confirmed using histopathology analysis. Efficient hepatoprotective effect was achieved by crude extract, fractions and some pure compounds.