Newly synthesized chitosan nanoparticles loaded with caffeine/moringa leaf extracts Halt Her2, BRCA1, and BRCA2 expressions.

Breast cancer is among the highest morbidity and mortality rates in women around the world. In the present investigation we aimed to synthesis novel nanosystem combining two naturally important anticancer agents with different mechanism of action namely Moringa oleifera and caffeine. Firstly, chemical analysis of Moringa oleifera extract and caffeine was done by gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GC-MS) in order to assess the main chemical compounds present and correlate between them and the possible anticancer effect.

The implication of miR-200a and miR-132 expression and their correlations with NF-κB/TNF-alpha signaling in adults with diabetic nephropathy.

Aim: The primary factor causing chronic renal failure is diabetic nephropathy (DN) worldwide. However, the current biomarkers for DN have limited diagnostic utility. Thus, this work aimed to clarify the implications of microRNA-200a (miR-200a) and microRNA-132 (miR-132) and their correlation with NF-κB (nuclear factor- kappa beta), and, TNF-α (tumor necrosis factor -alpha) signaling to identify biomarkers able to distinguish late-stage from early- stage DN.

The amelioration effect of antidiabetic agents on cytokine expression in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Inflammation is a condition that is closely linked to diabetes mellitus type 2 (T2DM), short for T2DM several different antidiabetic medications have been produced to regulate hyperglycemia, with indications that these therapies may have anti-inflammatory effects along with their glucose-lowering efficacy. Thus, this research was planned to explore the impact of antidiabetic agents on the cytokine expression levels -interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, IL-17, and IL-37 when patients have T2DM. In this study, 168 eligible subject matter was split into two groups: 50 healthy individuals and 118 cases with T2DM, who were classified into two subgroups: 30 untreated patients and 88 patients treated with metformin-based therapy.

Fenpropathrin provoked kidney damage via controlling the NLRP3/Caspase-1/GSDMD-mediated pyroptosis: The palliative role of curcumin-loaded chitosan nanoparticles.

This study assessed the ability of formulated curcumin-loaded chitosan nanoparticles (CU-CS-NPs) to reduce the kidney damage resulting from fenpropathrin (FPN) in rats compared to curcumin (CU) in rats. Sixty male Sprague Dawley rats were separated into six groups and orally administered 1 mL/kg b.wt corn oil, 50 mg CU/kg b.

Synthesis and Characterization of a New Class of Chromene-Azo Sulfonamide Hybrids as Promising Anticancer Candidates with the Exploration of Their EGFR, CAII, and MMP-2 Inhibitors Based on Molecular Docking Assays.

In this study, novel selective antitumor compounds were synthesized based on their fundamental pharmacophoric prerequisites associated with EGFR inhibitors. A molecular hybridization approach was employed to design and prepare a range of 4-chromene-3-carboxylates -, , and - derivatives, each incorporating a sulfonamide moiety. The structures of these hybrid molecules were verified using comprehensive analytical and spectroscopic techniques.

Green Synthesized Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Attenuate Acrylamide-Induced Cardiac Injury via Controlling Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress-Associated Apoptosis Through ATF3/CHOP/BCL2 Signaling in Rats.

Due to their distinctive properties, several eco-friendly metal oxide nanoparticles were assessed for their possible cardioprotective properties. Acrylamide (ACD), a pervasive chemical in food and the environment, has been linked to cardiac toxicity. Therefore, this study examined the probable protective effect of green synthesized zinc oxide nanoparticles (GS-ZNPs) against ACD-oral exposure-induced cardiac damage in rats.

Curcumin-loaded chitosan nanoparticles alleviate fenpropathrin-induced hepatotoxicity by regulating lipogenesis and pyroptosis in rats.

In this study, the probable alleviative role of curcumin (CMN) (50 mg/kg b.wt) or curcumin-loaded chitosan nanoparticle (CLC-NP) (50 mg/kg b.wt) was assessed against the hepatotoxic effect of a widely used pyrethroid insecticide, fenpropathrin (FEN) (15 mg/kg b.

Enhancement of biochemical and genomic pathways through lycopene-loaded nano-liposomes: Alleviating insulin resistance, hepatic steatosis, and autophagy in obese rats with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: Involvement of SMO, GLI-1, and PTCH-1 genes.

Non-alcoholic fatty liver (NAFL) is a prevalent hepatic disorder of global significance that can give rise to severe complications. This research endeavor delves into the potential of nano-liposomal formulated Lycopene (Lip-Lyco) in averting the development of obesity and insulin resistance, both of which are major underlying factors contributing to NAFL. The investigation further scrutinizes the impact of Lip-Lyco on intricate cellular pathways within the liver tissue of rats induced with NAFL, specifically focusing on the progression of steatosis and fibrosis.

Blockade of L-Type Ca Channel Activity Alleviates Oligodendrocyte Pathology following Brain Injury in Male Rats.

A growing body of studies suggests that Ca signaling controls a variety of biological processes in brain elements. Activation of L-type voltage-operated Ca channels (VOCCs) plays a role in the development of oligodendrocyte (OL) lineage loss, and indicates that the blocking of these channels may be an effective way to inhibit OL lineage cell loss. For this study, 10.

Evaluation of Antidiabetic Effect of Combined Leaf and Seed Extracts of () on Alloxan-Induced Diabetes in Mice: A Biochemical and Histological Study.

() is a medicinal plant rich in biologically active compounds. The aim of the present study was to screen methanolic leaf (L) extract, seed (S) extract, and a combined leaf/seed extract (2L : 1S ratio) for antidiabetic and antioxidant activities in mice following administration at a dose level of 500 mg/kg of body weight/day. Diabetes was induced by alloxan administration.

Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction of Protein from Seeds and Its Impact on Techno-Functional Properties.

Plant proteins can be an important alternative to animal proteins subject to minor modification to address sustainability issues. The impact of ultrasound application on the yield, techno-functional properties, and molecular characteristics of protein extracted from seeds was studied. For this purpose, a central composite design (CCD) was applied to optimize ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) parameters such as amplitude (25-75%), solute-to-solvent ratio (1:10-1:30), and pH (9-13) for obtaining the maximum protein yield.

Therapeutic potential of vitamin D against bisphenol A-induced spleen injury in Swiss albino mice.

Bisphenol A (BPA), a ubiquitous plasticizer, is capable of producing oxidative splenic injury, and ultimately led to spleen pathology. Further, a link between VitD levels and oxidative stress was reported. Hence the role of VitD in BPA-induced oxidative splenic injury was investigated in this study.

Nutritional and Nonnutritional Content of Underexploited Edible Seaweeds.

Macroalgae are a valuable source of highly bioactive primary and secondary metabolites that may have useful bioapplications. To investigate the nutritional and nonnutritional contents of underexploited edible seaweeds, proximate composition, including protein, fat, ash, vitamins A, C, and E, and niacin, as well as important phytochemicals, including polyphenols, tannins, flavonoids, alkaloids, sterols, saponins, and coumarins, were screened from algal species using spectrophotometric methods. Ash content ranged from 3.

Green Synthesized Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Using Ethanolic Extract Lessens Acrylamide-Induced Testicular Damage, Apoptosis, and Steroidogenesis-Related Gene Dysregulation in Adult Rats.

This study assessed the possible protective role of green synthesized zinc oxide nanoparticles using leaf extract (MO-ZNPs) in acrylamide (ACR)-induced reproductive dysfunctions in male rats. ACR (20 mg/kg b.wt/day) and/or MO-ZNPs (10 mg/kg b.

Extraction of Bioactive Compounds from Different Vegetable Sprouts and Their Potential Role in the Formulation of Functional Foods against Various Disorders: A Literature-Based Review.

In this review, we discuss the advantages of vegetable sprouts in the development of food products as well as their beneficial effects on a variety of disorders. Sprouts are obtained from different types of plants and seeds and various types of leafy, root, and shoot vegetables. Vegetable sprouts are enriched in bioactive compounds, including polyphenols, antioxidants, and vitamins.

A Narrative Review on Various Oil Extraction Methods, Encapsulation Processes, Fatty Acid Profiles, Oxidative Stability, and Medicinal Properties of Black Seed ().

The current review investigates the effects of black seed () on human health, which is also used to encapsulate and oxidative stable in different food products. In recent decades, many extraction methods, such as cold pressing, supercritical fluid extraction, Soxhlet extraction, hydro distillation (HD) method, microwave-assisted extraction (MAE), ultrasound-assisted extraction, steam distillation, and accelerated solvent extraction (ASE) have been used to extract the oils from black seeds under optimal conditions. Black seed oil contains essential fatty acids, in which the major fatty acids are linoleic, oleic, and palmitic acids.

Histone deacetylase 2 inhibitor valproic acid attenuates bisphenol A-induced liver pathology in male mice.

Accumulating evidence indicates the role of endocrine disruptor bisphenol A (BPA) in many pathological conditions. Histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibition has potential for the treatment of many diseases/abnormalities. Using a mouse BPA exposure model, this study investigated the hepatoprotective effects of the Food and Drug Administration-approved HDAC2 inhibitor valproic acid (VPA) against BPA-induced liver pathology.

Oil Alleviates Mouse Testis and Sperm Abnormalities Induced by BPA Potentially through Redox Homeostasis.

Background & Aim: Significant evidence indicates that endocrine disrupted bisphenol A (BPA) seriously endangers human health. In males, BPA affects testis architecture and sperm quality, and ultimately reduces fertility. This study explored the therapeutic potential of Nigella sativa (NS) seed extract on testis and sperm abnormalities in BPA-exposed mice and characterized the underlying mechanism.

Novel Clotrimazole and loaded chitosan nanoparticles: Antifungal and wound healing efficiencies.

Chitosan integrated nanoparticles of clotrimazole and Egyptian juice extract was evaluated in order to maximize the antifungal activity and reduce the gross side effects. In the present study Egyptian Thompson Seedless and Clotrimazole (Cz) loaded chitosan nanoparticles (NCs/VJ/Cz) showed a promising antifungal effect with average inhibition zone diameters of 74 and 72 mm against and respectively. NCs/VJ /Cz was stable with significant drug entrapment efficiency reached 94.

COVID-19 Candidate Genes and Pathways Potentially Share the Association with Lung Cancer.

COVID-19 is considered as the most challenging in the current situation but lung cancer is also the leading cause of death in the global population. These two malignancies are among the leading human diseases and are highly complex in terms of diagnostic and therapeutic approaches as well as the most frequent and highly complex and heterogeneous in nature. Based on the latest update, it is known that the patients suffering from lung cancer, are considered to be significantly at higher risk of COVID-19 infection in terms of survival and there are a number of evidences which support the hypothesis that these diseases may share the same functions and functional components.

Effect of supplementing fava bean (.) on ulcerative colitis and colonic mucosal DNA content in rats fed a high-sucrose diet.

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is an inflammatory bowel disease with high morbidity. Acetic acid-induced damage of colonic mucosa in rats is a commonly used experimental animal model of UC. This research aimed to explore for the first time the ameliorative effect of dietary supplementation with fava bean on the incidence of UC in rats fed with sucrose containing diet.

Paternal bisphenol A exposure induces testis and sperm pathologies in mice offspring: Possibly due to oxidative stress?

Bisphenol A (BPA), an endocrine and metabolic disruptor, is widely used to manufacture polycarbonate plastics and epoxy resins. Accumulating evidence suggests that paternal BPA exposure adversely affects male germlines and results in atypical reproductive phenotypes that might persist for generations to come. Our study investigated this exposure on testicular architecture and sperm quality in mouse offspring, and characterised underlying molecular mechanism(s).

Selective adenosine A receptor inhibitor SCH58261 reduces oligodendrocyte loss upon brain injury in young rats.

Cellular elements of maturing brain are vulnerable to insults, which lead to neurodevelopmental defects. There are no established treatments at present. Here we examined the efficacy of selective adenosine A receptor inhibitor SCH58261 to combat brain injury, particularly oligodendrocyte (OL) lineage cells, in young rats.

Chemoprotective effects of inositol hexaphosphate against cyclophosphamide-induced testicular damage in rats.

Cyclophosphamide (CP) is commonly used as an anticancer agent but has been associated with high toxicity in several animal organs, including the testes. Inositol hexaphosphate (IP6) is a polyphosphorylated carbohydrate that is present in foods with high fibre contents and has a wide range of essential physiological and pathological activities. Thus, we estimated the defensive effects of IP6 against CP-related testicular toxicity in rats.