Predictive Prioritization of Enhancers Associated with Pancreas Disease Risk.

Genetic and epigenetic variations in regulatory enhancer elements increase susceptibility to a range of pathologies. Despite recent advances, linking enhancer elements to target genes and predicting transcriptional outcomes of enhancer dysfunction remain significant challenges. Using 3D chromatin conformation assays, we generated an extensive enhancer interaction dataset for the human pancreas, encompassing more than 20 donors and five major cell types, including both exocrine and endocrine compartments.

Hippo pathway-mediated YAP1/TAZ inhibition is essential for proper pancreatic endocrine specification and differentiation.

The Hippo pathway plays a central role in tissue development and homeostasis. However, the function of Hippo in pancreatic endocrine development remains obscure. Here, we generated novel conditional genetically engineered mouse models to examine the roles of Hippo pathway-mediated YAP1/TAZ inhibition in the development stages of endocrine specification and differentiation.

Cell type- and transcription-independent spatial proximity between enhancers and promoters.

Cell type-specific enhancers are critically important for lineage specification. The mechanisms that determine cell-type specificity of enhancer activity, however, are not fully understood. Most current models for how enhancers function invoke physical proximity between enhancer elements and their target genes.

Serum GAS6, sAXL, IL-10, NO, and BCL-2 levels are decreased in patients with Behçet's disease.

Purpose: Behçet's disease (BD) is an autoimmune chronic systemic inflammatory disease characterized by a versatile clinical spectrum. Growth arrest specific protein 6 (GAS6)/soluble AXL (sAXL) signaling pathway draws attention in the resolution of inflammation, and its deficiency is associated with chronic inflammatory, autoimmune diseases, as well as clearance of apoptotic cells by phagocytes - efferocytosis. In this study, it was aimed to investigate whether GAS6/sAXL, interleukin (IL)-10, nitric oxide (NO), and BCL-2 levels were associated with inflammation and efferocytosis contributes to the pathogenesis of BD.

The Frequency of Intraocular Pressure Elevation, Incidence of Secondary Glaucoma, and Surgical Treatment With Postoperative Complications in Pediatric and Adult Patients With Uveitis.

Purpose To determine the etiology and anatomic localization of uveitis, the frequency of intraocular pressure (IOP) elevation, and the type of secondary glaucoma and to assess the medical, surgical, and postoperative complications in adult and pediatric patients with acute or chronic uveitis. Methods A total of 307 eyes of 186 patients who were followed up in the Uvea-Behçet Unit of the Ophthalmology Department, Erciyes University, Turkey, were included in the study. Demographic, ocular, and systemic data were recorded; ophthalmological examinations were performed; and recurrences and complications of uveitis were identified.

Advances in management strategies for large and persistent macular hole: An update.

The standard of care to treat small- and medium-sized macular holes (<400 µm diameter) consists of a conventional transconjunctival sutureless pars plana vitrectomy followed by ILM peeling and endotamponade, mainly with gas or in some cases with silicone oil, resulting in closure rates of over 90% and good functional results. Large (>400 µm diameter), chronic and persistent macular holes remain a surgical challenge since closure rates and functional results decrease with larger macular hole diameters. Various modifications of the conventional surgical technique were introduced to improve anatomic and functional success in refractory cases not suitable for conventional macular hole surgery.

PancrESS - a meta-analysis resource for understanding cell-type specific expression in the human pancreas.

Background: The human pancreas is composed of specialized cell types producing hormones and enzymes critical to human health. These specialized functions are the result of cell type-specific transcriptional programs which manifest in cell-specific gene expression. Understanding these programs is essential to developing therapies for pancreatic disorders.

The Methyltransferases METTL7A and METTL7B Confer Resistance to Thiol-Based Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors.

Histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACi) are part of a growing class of epigenetic therapies used for the treatment of cancer. Although HDACis are effective in the treatment of T-cell lymphomas, treatment of solid tumors with this class of drugs has not been successful. Overexpression of the multidrug resistance protein P-glycoprotein (P-gp), encoded by ABCB1, is known to confer resistance to the HDACi romidepsin in vitro, yet increased ABCB1 expression has not been associated with resistance in patients, suggesting that other mechanisms of resistance arise in the clinic.

Evaluation of Agreement Between Sweep Visual Evoked Potential Testing and Subjective Visual Acuity.

Objectives: The primary objective of this study was to evaluate the agreement of visual acuity (VA) obtained with the sweep visual evoked potential (sVEP) method with the VA obtained with the Snellen chart. The secondary objective was to examine the effect of age and gender on agreement.

Materials And Methods: Best corrected VAs of subjects were recorded with the Snellen chart, and sVEP testing was performed according to the recommendations of the International Society for Clinical Electrophysiology of Vision (ISCEV).

Retinal dysfunction in Parkinson's disease-results of the extended protocol for photopic negative response (PHNR) full-field electroretinogram (ERG).

Background: We investigated whether the photopic negative response (PhNR) in the electroretinogram (ERG) was affected in Parkinson's disease (PD) patients and whether it was associated with retinal changes on optical coherence tomography (OCT).

Methods: Thirty-two patients with PD and 31 age and sex-matched healthy controls from a single tertiary centre were included in the study. Hoehn and Yahr scale scores and the presence of REM sleep behaviour were recorded.

Efficacy and Safety of Different Types of Intraocular Pressure-Lowering Surgeries in Patients with Primary Angle Closure (PAC) or PAC Glaucoma: Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials.

Objective: To compare the intraocular pressure (IOP)-lowering effect of different types of surgery available in the literature using a network meta-analysis (NMA) based on a systematic review.

Methods: PubMed and the Cochrane database were searched. Randomized clinical trials involving surgical interventions for high IOP for PAC (primary angle closure) or PACG (primary angle closure glaucoma) were included.

Comparison of the Rate of Posterior Capsule Opacification Following Combined Treatment With Topical Dexamethasone 0.1% Plus Ketorolac 0.5% Eye Drops Versus Dexamethasone 0.1% Alone: A Two-Year, Randomized Clinical Investigation.

Background and aim The use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in animals decreases the incidence of posterior capsular opacification (PCO) following cataract surgery. We evaluated the rate of PCO in patients with cataract surgery and foldable "in the bag" posterior chamber intraocular lens (PC-IOL) implantation treated with combined dexamethasone 0.1% ketorolac tromethamine 0.

Modified external revision-DCR in previous failed endonasal, transcanalicular or external-DCR: technical strategy and teaching Pearls for success.

To report perioperative findings of patients with multiple failed-dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR) and to determine the success rate of revision external (rEx-DCR) performed by a modified technique. Thirty-one eyes of 31 patients (19 women, 12 men) with recurrent dacryocystitis or epiphora following at least one previous failed-DCR were assessed regarding the time from initial surgery to recurrence and revision surgery, type of primary surgery (endoscopic, transcanalicular, Ex-DCR), recurrence number, stent usage and the success rate. Relief of epiphora and positive dye test were established as functional and anatomical successes, respectively.