Tolerability and Preliminary Outcomes of Adjuvant T-DM1 in HER2-Positive Breast Cancer After Neoadjuvant Therapy: The ATD Study.

Background/objectives: HER2-positive breast cancer (HER2BC) is an aggressive subtype, with neoadjuvant treatment (NAT) aiming to achieve a pathological complete response (pCR) to improve long-term outcomes. Trastuzumab emtansine (T-DM1) has been established as the standard of care in the adjuvant setting for HER2BC patients who do not obtain pCR. The ATD study aimed to evaluate the real-world tolerability of T-DM1 in this setting.

Breast and cervical cancer in transgender men: literature review and a case report.

Transgender individuals exhibit a higher prevalence of cancer-related risk factors, such as substance abuse and sexually transmitted infections. These factors, coupled with suboptimal adherence to cancer screening recommendations, may lead to a higher incidence of cancers, such as breast and cervical cancer, and contribute to delayed diagnoses in transgender patients. Herein, we report a unique case of a transgender man with a history of alcohol and drug abuse, undergoing gender-affirming exogenous testosterone therapy, who developed synchronous locally advanced breast cancer and human papilloma virus (HPV)-related cervical cancer.

DNA Damage Response in Early Breast Cancer: A Phase III Cohort in the Phobos Study.

We assessed the impact of DNA damage response and repair (DDR) biomarker expressions in 222 node-positive early breast cancer (BC) patients from a previous Phase III GOIM 9902 trial of adjuvant taxanes. At a median follow-up of 64 months, the original study showed no disease-free survival (DFS) or overall survival (OS) differences with the addition of docetaxel (D) to epirubicine-cyclophosphamide (EC). Immunohistochemistry was employed to assess the expression of DDR phosphoproteins (pATM, pATR, pCHK1, γH2AX, pRPA32, and pWEE1) in tumor tissue, and their association with clinical outcomes was evaluated through the Cox elastic net model.

HER2 mutation as an emerging target in advanced breast cancer.

HER2 activating mutations have emerged as oncogenic drivers and therapeutic targets in a variety of human tumors. In breast cancer, these deregulations occur at low frequency, and are mostly detected in HER2-nonamplified, metastatic disease. Preclinical evidence has clarified the role of hotspot mutations in HER2 constitutive activation, defining them as an alternative mechanism to HER2 gene amplification.

TRF2 as novel marker of tumor response to taxane-based therapy: from mechanistic insight to clinical implication.

Background: Breast Cancer (BC) can be classified, due to its heterogeneity, into multiple subtypes that differ for prognosis and clinical management. Notably, triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) - the most aggressive BC form - is refractory to endocrine and most of the target therapies. In this view, taxane-based therapy still represents the elective strategy for the treatment of this tumor.

DARPP-32 and t-DARPP in the development of resistance to anti-HER2 agents. Pre-clinical evidence from the STEP study.

The therapeutic scenario of Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2 positive advanced breast cancer (ABC) has been recently enriched by a number of innovative agents, which are reshaping treatment sequence. While randomized trials have documented an advantage in terms of efficacy, for the newly available agents we lack effectiveness and tolerability evidence from the real-world setting. Similarly, the identification of predictive biomarkers might improve clinical decision.

Labial repositioning using polymethylmethracylate (PMMA)-based cement for esthetic smile rehabilitation-A case report.

Introduction: One of the most common esthetic complaints among dental patients is a gingival smile, which may be of multifactorial etiology, e.g. gingival hyperplasia, skeletal deformities featuring overgrowth of the anterior maxilla, altered passive eruption, maxillary alveolar tooth extrusion, fine lip and hypermobility of lip elevator muscles, which must be diagnosed prior to treatment so that the appropriate management approach can be selected.

Subependymoma of the lateral ventricle presenting with sudden onset.

A 52-year-old man presented with sudden onset of severe headache, fever, mental confusion and mild signs of left hemisphere dysfunction. Computed tomographic and magnetic resonance imaging findings suggested a preoperative diagnosis of subependymoma of the left lateral ventricle, which was subsequently confirmed by surgery. The neoplasm could be totally removed and the postoperative clinical course was favourable.

Primary leiomyosarcoma of the oral tongue: magnetic resonance and ultrasonography findings with histopathologic correlation.

Leiomyosarcoma is a malignant smooth muscle tumor that frequently occurs in the gastrointestinal tract and female genital tract. It is aggressive and tends to recur and metastasize. Clinical behavior is unpredictable, mostly influenced by a proper surgical approach.

Blake's pouch cyst: an entity within the Dandy-Walker continuum.

Abnormal cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) collections within the posterior fossa are defined by the Dandy-Walker complex (DWC) and by arachnoid cysts (AC). The DWC includes the Dandy-Walker malformation (DWM), the Dandy-Walker variant (DWV) and the mega-cisterna magna (MCM). In addition, Tortori-Donati et al.

[Brain magnetic resonance with magnetization transfer in multiple sclerosis. Lesion hyperintensity before and after intravenous gadolinium administration].

Purpose: To evaluate lesion contrast enhancement in brain magnetic resonance (MR) images with and without magnetization transfer pulse (MT) in patients affected with multiple sclerosis (MS).

Material And Methods: Ten patients affected with relapsing-remitting MS underwent a 1.5-T (Magnetom Vision, Siemens) MR examination with T1-weighted spin-echo sequences without MT (TR/TE = 630/14 ms) and with MT (840/14 ms) using the following common parameters: 21 para-axial slices (thickness 5 mm, 10% gap); matrix 256 x 256; field of view 25 cm (rectangular 5/8); 2 excitations.

Lateral ventricle subependymomas. Case report taking into particular consideration the aspects of magnetic resonance and review of the literature.

Subependymomas are rare neuroectodermic tumours. The authors report a case of a patient he had a subendymoma in the left lateral ventricle, with particular attention to the MR aspects on these lesions and review of the literature.

Anterior clinoid mucocele: a trans-nasal endoscopic approach.

The goals of the treatment of paranasal sinuses mucocele are the relief of the symptoms due to compression and the prevention of recurrence. Because of the benignity of the pathology, it is mandatory to choose the approach that minimizes the surgical trauma. When an anterior clinoid mucocele is found, the conventional approaches are the trans-nasoethmoidal, the subtemporal or the pterional ones: we think that as a really mini-invasive approach, the transnasal endoscopy may be proposed.

Orbital pseudotumor as a presenting sign of temporal arteritis.

Both unilateral proptosis (2 cases) and radiological evidence of orbital inflammatory pseudotumor in the absence of exophthalmos (1 case) have been separately described as presenting signs of temporal arteritis. We report a patient presenting with bilateral exophthalmos associated with CT and MRI signs of orbital inflammation, who had biopsy-proven temporal arteritis. Our case is unique in view of the association of the above clinical and radiological features, and the bilateral involvement of orbital tissues.

Gas bubbles within acute intracranial epidural haematomas.

In order to assess the actual incidence of gas bubbles trapped within acute intracranial epidural haematomas, as revealed by computed tomography (CT) of the skull, a series of 204 patients with surgically verified epidural haematomas was retrospectively reviewed. Gas bubbles were observed on CT scan in 22.5% of the cases, with the incidence rising to 37% when CT scanners of the last generation were employed.

Degenerative changes in hypophyseal adenomas: CT features.

16 patients with hypophyseal adenoma undergoing degenerative changes, namely necrotic-cystic changes, bleeding and calcification, were subjected to CT and the resulting density values studied. The cases were verified at operation and at histological examination. Evaluation of these features, despite the limitations of the method, proved to be very useful in differential diagnosis and in the planning of treatment.

[Altered plasma lipid and protein patterns in schizophrenic patients (author's transl)].

The plasma lipid and lipoprotein pattern (total cholesterol, triglycerides and total lipid concentration; electrophoretic separation of the lipoproteins) and plasma protein profile (total protein concentration; electrophoretic separation of the plasma proteins) have been determined in a group of 60 chronic schizophrenic patients (47 men and 13 women, mean age 30,3 +/- 22 years). When compared to a control group matched for age and sex, the schizophrenic patients exhibited significantly lower cholesterol concentration and altered distribution pattern of the plasma lipid fractions. Similarly, the plasma a1,- a2,- and beta-globulin patterns are also altered in schizophrenic group.

[Neuropsychological aspects of schizophrenic mental deterioration].

The authors have administered a test of intelligence (WAIS) and a test of attention (Color Naming) to a group of patients affected by chronic schizophrenic impairment. The scores give shape to a picture of mental deterioration, especially characterized by a decrease of attentive power. This results validates the possibility of a neuropsychological approach to the etiopatogenesis of schizophrenia and supports the hypothesis that an impairment of mental synthesis power may explain both clinical and psychometric features of the disease.

Regional cerebral mode transit time and the derivative of the regional cerebral function recorded for intravenous administration of a non-diffusible tracer.

The meaning of the time from origin to first peak and from peak to peak of the derivative of the regional cerebral functions recorded after intravenous administration of a non-diffusible tracer is analyzed. Data obtained by cerebral and cardiac monitoring and evaluation of both times in patients with carotid thrombosis, indicates that the time from origin to first peak may be a better estimate of regional cerebral mode transit time than the time from peak to peak.