A scoping review of decision regret in non-communicable diseases: The emerging roles of patient-clinician communication, psychological aspects, and medical outcomes.

Objective: To map the existing literature on decision regret among patients with non-communicable diseases (NCDs) and develop an integrated framework to understand its impact on patient outcomes and healthcare processes.

Methods: A systematic search of PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, Cochrane Library, Google Scholar, and Scopus databases was conducted until January 2024 using the "Population, Concept, Context" framework. The review identified and analyzed 28 studies published between 2005 and 2023 in North America and Europe.

Decision Regret and Vaccine Hesitancy among Nursing Students and Registered Nurses in Italy: Insights from Structural Equation Modeling.

This study focused on vaccine hesitancy and decision regret about the COVID-19 vaccine among nursing students (BScN and MScN) and Registered Nurses (RNs) in Italy. The primary aim was to describe decision regret and vaccine hesitancy among these groups and to understand what influences vaccine hesitancy. Data were collected through an e-survey conducted from March to June 2024.

Shaping the future research agenda of Cancer Nursing in Italy: Insights and strategic directions.

This report analyzes the evolution of cancer nursing research in Italy, focusing on 207 publications from nursing journals indexed in MEDLINE. Using Latent Dirichlet Allocation, we identified four primary research topics from the included abstracts: Patient-Centered Care, Clinical Nursing Practice, Healthcare Institutions and Systems, and Research and Data Analysis. The temporal trends reveal a shift from foundational studies on healthcare systems in the late 1990s to more recent emphases on patient-centered care and clinical practice.

The Public's Perception of Florence Nightingale's Legacy in the Digital Media: A Critical Discourse Analysis.

This study critically examines the public's perception of Florence Nightingale's legacy through a critical discourse analysis (CDA) of digital media, specifically podcasts and YouTube. Nightingale, who is often remembered as "The Lady with the Lamp", holds a complex identity within modern narratives that is celebrated for her pioneering contributions to nursing and public health, even if there are some disagreements about her, given the colonialist setting that may have shaped some of her opinions and decisions. This research employed CDA to analyze 25 podcasts and 18 YouTube videos, which were systematically included according to a priori inclusion criteria.

[BRCA mutations and decision regret: a comprehensive analysis of existing research through a scoping review and reflections from a nursing perspective.].

Introduction: Given the significance of healthcare decisions in women with BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations and their impact on patients' lives, this study aims to map the existing literature on decision regret in women with BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations.

Methods: A scoping review was conducted in the following databases: PubMed, Embase, Scopus, CINAHL, Cochrane, and Google Scholar. Inclusion criteria focused on decision regret in the female population with BRCA1 and/or BRCA2 mutations, with no restrictions on the methodologies of the included studies, but only in the English language.

Synbiotics in Oncology: A Scoping Review Protocol on Their Impact and Outcomes in Cancer Care.

Symptom management remains challenging in cancer care. Emerging from nutritional science, nutritional metabolomics has seen exponential growth over recent years, aiming to discern the relationship between dietary habits and health consequences. This protocol aims to present the rationale and methodology for conducting a scoping review to summarize the extent of evidence on synbiotics utilization in cancer symptom management among adults.

Enhancing Urban Wastewater Treatment through Isolated Strain-Based Phytoremediation in Centrate Stream: An Analysis of Algae Morpho-Physiology and Nutrients Removal Efficiency.

The release of inadequately treated urban wastewater is the main cause of environmental pollution of aquatic ecosystems. Among efficient and environmentally friendly technologies to improve the remediation process, those based on microalgae represent an attractive alternative due to the potential of microalgae to remove nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) from wastewaters. In this work, microalgae were isolated from the centrate stream of an urban wastewater treatment plant and a native -like species was selected for studies on nutrient removal from centrate streams.

[Malnutrition and dialytic adequacy in patients on peritoneal dialysis: two sides of the same coin?].

Dialysis adequacy and a state of "eunutrition" are two essential elements to consider in the evaluation of patient undergoing dialysis treatment. Dialysis inadequacy is often associated with malnutrition, and the combination of these two factors significantly worsens the prognosis. In the following monocentric and prospective study, the correlation between nutritional markers and dialytic adequacy was tested in a cohort of patients permanently followed by the peritoneal dialysis clinic, followed consistently for two years.

A Systematic Review of Systematic Reviews and Pooled Meta-Analysis on Psychosocial Interventions for Improving Cancer-Related Fatigue.

Objectives: Psychosocial care is essential in oncology to address specific cancer-related fatigue dimensions. Psychosocial interventions have been defined as nonpharmacologic interventions that address psychological or social factors rather than biological mechanisms and might positively influence symptoms, quality of life, and social functioning. This systematic review of systematic reviews pooled the effects from the recent systematic reviews describing the relationships between psychosocial interventions and fatigue in adult patients with cancer, providing an overall estimate of their effect on cancer-related fatigue.

Vitamin D Treatment Prevents Uremia-Induced Reductions in Aortic microRNA-145 Attenuating Osteogenic Differentiation despite Hyperphosphatemia.

In chronic kidney disease, systemic inflammation and high serum phosphate (P) promote the de-differentiation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) to osteoblast-like cells, increasing the propensity for medial calcification and cardiovascular mortality. Vascular microRNA-145 (miR-145) content is essential to maintain VSMC contractile phenotype. Because vitamin D induces aortic miR-145, uremia and high serum P reduce it and miR-145 directly targets osteogenic osterix in osteoblasts, this study evaluated a potential causal link between vascular miR-145 reductions and osterix-driven osteogenic differentiation and its counter-regulation by vitamin D.

Influence of Culture Conditions on In Vitro Asymbiotic Germination of and (Orchidaceae).

This study is the first approach to in vitro asymbiotic germination of two species of Sicilian threatened terrestrial orchids, and Seeds were collected in the wild and cultured in two different media-Orchimax medium (OM) and Murashige and Skoog (MS)-and exposed to different photoperiods and temperatures to evaluate the best conditions for the specific stages of development. The germination of was very high on OM (95.5%) and lower on MS medium (21.

Novel Immune Cell Subsets Exhibit Different Associations With Vascular Outcomes in Chronic Kidney Disease Patients-Identifying Potential Biomarkers.

Alterations in novel immune cell subsets, such as angiogenic T cells (Tang), senescent T cells (CD4CD28), and monocyte subsets are associated with impaired vascular homeostasis in several inflammatory conditions. However, mediators underlying vascular deterioration in chronic kidney disease (CKD) are poorly characterized. This study assessed their role in the vascular deterioration of CKD using a broad spectrum of surrogate markers ranging from altered functionality to overt calcification.

A systematic review of systematic reviews and pooled meta-analysis on pharmacological interventions to improve cancer-related fatigue.

Background: Evidence regarding the pharmacological interventions to manage cancer-related fatigue (CRF) is currently synthesized in several systematic reviews, portraying a fragmented literature synthesis. Thus, we aimed to critically appraise the available systematic reviews on pharmacological intervention for improving CRF in adult cancer patients.

Methods: Three databases were systematically searched from January 2010 to July 2020.

Barley-ß-glucans reduce systemic inflammation, renal injury and aortic calcification through ADAM17 and neutral-sphingomyelinase2 inhibition.

In chronic kidney disease (CKD), hyperphosphatemia-induced inflammation aggravates vascular calcification (VC) by increasing vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) osteogenic differentiation, ADAM17-induced renal and vascular injury, and TNFα-induction of neutral-sphingomyelinase2 (nSMase2) to release pro-calcifying exosomes. This study examined anti-inflammatory β-glucans efficacy at attenuating systemic inflammation in health, and renal and vascular injury favoring VC in hyperphosphatemic CKD. In healthy adults, dietary barley β-glucans (Bβglucans) reduced leukocyte superoxide production, inflammatory ADAM17, TNFα, nSMase2, and pro-aging/pro-inflammatory STING (Stimulator of interferon genes) gene expression without decreasing circulating inflammatory cytokines, except for γ-interferon.

Upregulation of the alternative splicing factor NOVA2 in colorectal cancer vasculature.

Background: Tumor-specific isoforms generated by alternative splicing (AS) are demonstrated to contribute to tumor progression and can represent potential biomarkers. NOVA2 is an AS factor that in physiological conditions regulates endothelial cells' (ECs) polarity and vessel lumen maturation, likely by mediating AS of apical-basal polarity regulators. However, NOVA2 expression in tumor ECs and its regulation have never been investigated.

Relationship between low levels of circulating TRAIL and atheromatosis progression in patients with chronic kidney disease.

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients experience a high risk of cardiovascular disease (CV); however, the factors involved in CV-related morbidity and mortality in these patients have not been fully defined. Tumor necrosis factor related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) is a cytokine, which exhibits pleiotropic activities on endothelial, vascular smooth muscle and inflammatory cells, with relevant effects on atheromatous plaque formation. On this basis, the present study aims to investigate the role of TRAIL in atheromatosis progression in CKD patients.

High Levels of Hemoglobin Promote Carotid Adventitial Vasa Vasorum Neoangiogenesis in Chronic Kidney Disease.

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients, characterized by traditional and nontraditional risk factors, are prone to develop atheromatosis and thus cardiovascular events and mortality. The angiogenesis of the adventitial vasa vasorum (aVV) surrounding the carotid has been described as the atheromatosis initiator. Therefore, the aim of the study was to (1) evaluate if the carotid aVV in CKD patients increases in comparison to its physiological value of healthy patients; (2) explore which traditional or nontraditional risk factor including inflammation, bone and mineral metabolism, and anemia could be related to the aVV angiogenesis.

Vascular Calcification Induced by Chronic Kidney Disease Is Mediated by an Increase of 1α-Hydroxylase Expression in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells.

Vascular calcification (VC) is a complication of chronic kidney disease that predicts morbidity and mortality. Uremic serum promotes VC, but the mechanism involved is unknown. A role for 1,25(OH) D in VC has been proposed, but the mechanism is unclear because both low and high levels have been shown to increase it.

Ibrutinib synergizes with MDM-2 inhibitors in promoting cytotoxicity in B chronic lymphocytic leukemia.

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the anti-leukemic activity of the Bruton tyrosine kinase inhibitor Ibrutinib in combination with the small molecule MDM-2 inhibitor Nutlin-3 in preclinical models.

Methods: The potential efficacy of the Ibrutinib/Nutlin-3 combination was evaluated in vitro in a panel of B leukemic cell lines (EHEB, JVM-2, JVM-3, MEC-1, MEC-2) and in primary B-chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL) patient samples, by assessing cell viability, cell cycle profile, apoptosis and intracellular pathway modulations. Validation of the combination therapy was assessed in a B leukemic xenograft mouse model.

Increased Burden of Cerebral Small Vessel Disease in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes and Retinopathy.

Objective: We sought to examine the presence and severity of brain small vessel disease (SVD) in patients with type 2 diabetes and diabetic retinopathy (DR) compared with those without DR.

Research Design And Methods: We evaluated 312 patients with type 2 diabetes without previous cardiovascular disease (men 51%; mean age 57 years; age range 40-75 years); 153 patients (49%) had DR. MRI was performed to evaluate the presence and severity (age-related white matter changes scale) of white matter lesions (WMLs) and lacunes, and transcranial Doppler ultrasound was used to measure the Gosling pulsatility index (PI) of the middle cerebral artery (MCA).

Differential Effects of Dabigatran and Warfarin on Bone Volume and Structure in Rats with Normal Renal Function.

Background: Warfarin, a widely used anticoagulant, is a vitamin K antagonist impairing the activity of vitamin K-dependent Bone Gla Protein (BGP or Osteocalcin) and Matrix Gla Protein (MGP). Because dabigatran, a new anticoagulant, has no effect on vitamin K metabolism, the aim of this study was to compare the impact of warfarin and dabigatran administration on bone structure and vascular calcification.

Methods: Rats with normal renal function received for 6 weeks warfarin, dabigatran or placebo.

Microangiopathy of common carotid vasa vasorum in type 1 diabetes mellitus.

Objective: We hypothesize that in type 1 diabetes vasa vasorum (VV) are affected by microangiopathic changes. For this purpose, we assessed the status of the VV signal in patients with type 1 diabetes.

Methods: The VV signal at the arterial adventitia of the common carotid artery was evaluated by contrast-enhanced ultrasound imaging.

Left carotid adventitial vasa vasorum signal correlates directly with age and with left carotid intima-media thickness in individuals without atheromatous risk factors.

Objective: The early identification of the onset of subclinical atheromatosis is essential in reducing the high mortality risk from cardiovascular disease (CVD) worldwide. Although carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) is the most commonly used early predictor of ongoing atherosclerosis, an experimental model of atherosclerosis, demonstrated that increases in adventitial microvessels (vasa vasorum (VV)) precede endothelial dysfunction. Using the reported accuracy of contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEU) to measure carotid adventitial VV, this study assessed whether measurements of carotid adventitial VV serve as a marker of subclinical atherosclerotic lesions in a control population with none of the classical risk factors for CVD.

A novel rat model of vitamin D deficiency: safe and rapid induction of vitamin D and calcitriol deficiency without hyperparathyroidism.

Vitamin D deficiency is associated with a range of clinical disorders. To study the mechanisms involved and improve treatments, animal models are tremendously useful. Current vitamin D deficient rat models have important practical limitations, including time requirements when using, exclusively, a vitamin D deficient diet.

Parathyroid-specific epidermal growth factor-receptor inactivation prevents uremia-induced parathyroid hyperplasia in mice.

Background: In chronic kidney disease (CKD), parathyroid hyperplasia contributes to high serum parathyroid hormone (PTH) and also to an impaired suppression of secondary hyperparathyroidism by calcium, vitamin D and fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23). In rats, systemic inhibition of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) activation markedly attenuated uremia-induced parathyroid hyperplasia and vitamin D receptor (VDR) loss, hence restoring the response to vitamin D. Therefore, we propose that parathyroid-specific EGFR inactivation should prevent CKD-induced parathyroid hyperplasia.