Publications by authors named "Archana Sharma"

Molecular profiling is a crucial aspect of cancer therapy selection, underscoring the necessity for representative sampling of both tumor and normal tissues. While much attention has been given to representative tumor sampling, there has been a notable lack of exploration into the issue of poor RNA quality in normal breast tissue processing. Normal breast tissue from the same patient is often used as a negative control for most "-omics" experiments.

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  • South Asian women have a heightened risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) after experiencing gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) compared to white Nordic women, potentially linked to low-grade immune activation.
  • A study compared plasma levels of certain immune markers (sTIM-3, sCD25, sCD27, sLAG-3) in 266 women with a history of GDM and found higher sTIM-3 levels in South Asian women, especially those with normal glucose tolerance.
  • The research indicated that differences in adipose insulin resistance between the ethnic groups might be partially explained by sTIM-3 levels and waist-height ratio, emphasizing the role of immune cell activation in metabolic issues among South Asian
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Purpose: Unlike most childhood cancers, therapy for ALL includes a prolonged maintenance phase during which children typically resume regular activities. Physicians need data regarding the persistent impact of COVID-19 in this population to help guide families after the pandemic.

Methods: The Pediatric Oncology COVID-19 Case Report (POCC) collects deidentified data (sociodemographics, clinical data [cancer, COVID-19 course]) on children, adolescents, and young adults with cancer and COVID-19 from 104 US pediatric oncology institutions.

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Background: Individuals of South Asian origin have a greater risk of cardiovascular disease after gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) than European individuals. B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) and the amino-terminal fragment of its prohormone (NT-proBNP) are commonly used for heart failure screening and diagnosis, but biologically BNP exerts several beneficial cardiovascular effects primarily by counteracting the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone-system. We asked whether ethnic differences in circulating NT-proBNP levels could be explained by the differences in cardiometabolic and inflammatory risk markers?

Methods: We examined 162 South Asian and 107 Nordic women in Norway 1-3 years after GDM with a clinical examination, fasting blood samples and an oral glucose tolerance test.

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Rapid global urbanization and economic growth have significantly increased solid waste volumes, with hazardous waste posing substantial health and environmental risks. Co-processing strategies for industrial solid and hazardous waste as alternative fuels highlight the importance of integrated waste management for energy and material recovery. This study identifies and characterizes solid and hazardous industrial wastes with high calorific values from various industrial processes at Nirma Industries Limited.

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Background: Adolescents and Young Adult (AYA) cancer survivors are at risk for psychological distress due to their unique developmental and medical needs. Healthcare providers can leverage the convenience and appeal of technology to provide supportive care for this vulnerable population. Using evidence-based mindfulness-based mobile interventions as a case example, the goal of this study was to identify key patient-, provider-, and organization-level barriers and facilitators to supportive care and implementing digital health interventions in AYA survivorship care.

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  • Hookah use is increasing among youth in the U.S., but there is limited research on the factors driving this trend, prompting a study to identify these determinants using the Social Ecological Model.
  • The study involved 20 participants aged 18-24 from Virginia and California, utilizing surveys, interviews, and focus groups, revealing that participants smoked hookah a median of 5 times in the past month.
  • Key factors influencing hookah use included a lack of awareness about health risks, peer and family influence, cultural acceptance, and the easy availability of hookah bars, highlighting the need for public health interventions to educate young people about the dangers of hookah smoking.
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Introduction: Children, adolescents, and young adults (CAYAs) with Down syndrome (DS) and hematologic malignancies are particularly vulnerable to infections and related complications. There are limited data regarding COVID-19 infections in this group. We aimed to understand the clinical course of COVID-19 in this population.

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Background: Adolescent and young adult (AYA) survivors of childhood cancer are increasingly recognized as a vulnerable group with unique emotional, social, and practical needs due to the intersection of cancer survivorship and normal developmental processes. Mindfulness meditation has shown early efficacy in improving psychological distress among cancer patients. However, the overall scientific study of app-based mindfulness-based interventions is still in its early stages.

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South Asians (SAs) have a higher risk of developing type 2 diabetes (T2D) than white Europeans, especially following gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Despite similar blood glucose levels post-GDM, SAs exhibit more insulin resistance (IR) than Nordics, though the underlying mechanisms are unclear. This study aimed to assess markers of adipose tissue (AT) IR and liver fat in SA and Nordic women post-GDM.

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Background: Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is recognized as the most lethal and most highly invasive tumor. The high likelihood of treatment failure arises from the presence of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and stem cells around GBM, which avert the entry of chemotherapeutic drugs into the tumor mass.

Objective: Recently, several researchers have designed novel nanocarrier systems like liposomes, dendrimers, metallic nanoparticles, nanodiamonds, and nanorobot approaches, allowing drugs to infiltrate the BBB more efficiently, opening up innovative avenues to prevail over therapy problems and radiation therapy.

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Adolescents and young adults (ie, individuals aged 15-39 years, known as AYAs) with cancer face unique vulnerabilities yet remain underrepresented in clinical trials, including adult registries of COVID-19 in cancer (AYAs: 8%-12%). We used the Pediatric Oncology COVID-19 Case Report to examine the clinical course of COVID-19 among AYAs with cancer. The Pediatric Oncology COVID-19 Case Report collects deidentified clinical and sociodemographic data regarding individuals aged from birth to 39 years with cancer (37%) and COVID-19 from more than 100 institutions.

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Viruses are acellular, microscopic, and mobile particles containing genetic particles, either DNA/RNA strands as nucleoproteins, responsible for 69,53,743 deaths till the year 2023. Curcumin and related compounds are among the areas of pivotal interest for researchers because of their versatile pharmacological profile. Chemically known as diferuloylmethane, which is a main constituent of turmeric along with demethoxycurcumin and bisdemethoxycurcumin, they have a broad spectrum of antiviral activity against viruses such as human immunodeficiency virus, herpes simplex virus, influenza virus (Avian influenza) and Hepatitis C virus HIV.

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Extracellular matrix (ECM) plays central roles in cell architecture, innate defense and cell wall integrity (CWI) signaling. During transition to multicellularity, modular domain structures of ECM proteins and proteoforms have evolved due to continuous adaptation across taxonomic clades under different ecological niche. Although this incredible diversity has to some extent been investigated at protein level, extracellular phosphorylation events and molecular evolution of ECM proteoform families remains unexplored.

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  • Electro-permeablization is a new non-invasive cancer therapy that uses electrical pulses to make cancer cells more permeable, enhancing treatment effectiveness.
  • The study focused on the effects of different electric field intensities (1.0 kV/cm, 1.5 kV/cm, and 2.0 kV/cm) on MCF-7 cancer cells, investigating both electroporation and the impact of combining curcumin with the electrical pulses.
  • Results indicated that a 2 kV/cm electric field was particularly effective in causing cell death and improving the uptake of curcumin, suggesting a promising strategy for cancer treatment.
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Objective: Dietary assessment tools should be designed for the target population. We developed an FFQ designed to assess diet in South Asian women in Norway. The study objective was to evaluate this FFQ using 24-h dietary recalls as reference method.

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  • Thrombocytopenia is a key issue in dengue, impacting platelets' activation and their interaction with blood vessel lining cells (endothelium), although the specific role of platelet-derived exosomes (PLT-EXOs) in this process is unclear.
  • This study involved 28 healthy subjects and 69 dengue patients, examining platelet function and the characteristics of PLT-EXOs in relation to endothelial cell behavior.
  • Results showed significant changes in platelet markers in dengue patients, with PLT-EXOs leading to damage in the endothelial cell layer and reduced levels of proteins essential for cell junction integrity, highlighting their potential role in dengue pathogenesis.
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  • * The DRGs were made from natural polymers like chitosan and pectin, showing good drug release properties and compatibility while significantly reducing inflammation and oxidative stress in rats with UC.
  • * The study found that mesalamine granules, especially those based on chitosan, effectively improved colon health, reduced ulcer severity, and boosted antioxidant levels, indicating their potential for enhanced treatment of UC.
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We present a 22-year-old female with transfusion-dependent anemia due to sickle cell disease (SCD) with lipopolysaccharide-responsive and beige-like anchor protein (LRBA) deficiency whose treatment frequency was moderated with voxelotor (Oxbryta®). The patient was transfusion dependent, initially thought to be secondary only to SCD. After the diagnosis of LRBA deficiency, her regimen included abatacept, sirolimus, hydroxyurea, and folic acid, but she still required intermittent transfusion.

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Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is the most common malignant subtype of lung cancer (LC). miR-200 family is one of the prime miR regulators of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and worst overall survival (OS) in LC patients. The study aimed to identify and validate the key differentially expressed immune-related genes (DEIRGs) regulated by miR-200 family which may serve for therapeutic aspects in LUAD tumor microenvironment (TME) by affecting cancer progression, invasion, and metastasis.

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Lung cancer is one of the most commonly occurring malignant cancers with the highest rate of mortality globally. Difference between lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) and lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) and their treatment strategies according to genetic markers may be helpful in reducing the cancer progression and increasing the overall survival (OS) in patients. LUSC is known for comparatively less typical onco-drivers, target therapy resistance, marked genomic complexity, and a reasonably higher mutation rate.

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Background And Aims: Early neurological deterioration (END) in acute ischemic stroke (AIS), patients is defined as clinical worsening or recurrence during first 72 h after onset of AIS. We have conducted this study to determine the association between END and functional outcome at 3 months of onset of AIS along with associated risk factors of END in AIS cases.

Methodology: This study was conducted after approval of Institute Ethics Committee.

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  • Bovine mastitis is a major issue caused by over 150 different bacteria, making quick identification of pathogens in milk samples critical for effective treatment.
  • A new Luminex beads-based multiplex assay was developed to identify six major bacteria associated with mastitis in two triplex sets.
  • The assay achieved 100% specificity and a sensitivity level of 10^6 copies per reaction, similar to previous PCR methods, indicating it could serve as a rapid and cost-effective diagnostic tool for mastitis.
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