Implantable antennas for biomedical applications: a systematic review.

This review presents an in-depth examination of implantable antennas for various biomedical purposes. The development of implantable antennas, including their designs, materials, and operating principles, are introduced at the beginning of the discussion. An overview of the many kinds of implantable antennas utilized in implantable medical devices (IMDs) are presented in this study.

iTRAQ reagent-based quantitative proteomic analysis on a linear ion trap mass spectrometer.

For proteomic analysis using tandem mass spectrometry, linear ion trap instruments provide unsurpassed sensitivity but unreliably detect low mass peptide fragments, precluding their use with iTRAQ reagent-labeled samples. Although the popular LTQ linear ion trap supports analyzing iTRAQ reagent-labeled peptides via pulsed Q dissociation, PQD, its effectiveness remains questionable. Using a standard mixture, we found careful tuning of relative collision energy necessary for fragmenting iTRAQ reagent-labeled peptides, and increasing microscan acquisition and repeat count improves quantification but identifies somewhat fewer peptides.

Cholera vaccine candidate 638: intranasal immunogenicity and expression of a foreign antigen from the pulmonary pathogen Coccidioides immitis.

Vibrio cholerae strain 638 is a live genetically attenuated candidate cholera vaccine in which the CTXPhi prophage encoding cholera toxin has been deleted and hapA, encoding an extracellular Zn-dependent metalloprotease, was insertionally inactivated. Strain 638 was highly immunogenic when inoculated to adult Swiss mice by the intranasal route as judged by the induction of a strong serum vibriocidal antibody response. A side-by-side comparison of strain 638 with its isogenic hapA(+) precursor (strain 81) in the above model indicated that inactivation of hapA does not affect immunogenicity.