Ultrasound Evaluation of Anterior Neck Soft-Tissue Thickness to Predict Difficult Intubation in Overweight Adult Patients Posted for Surgery under General Endotracheal Anesthesia - An Observational Study.

Background: Ultrasonographic imaging has been recently become simple portable and non-invasive adjuvant for bedside assessment of anterior neck soft tissue thickness which when measured at different levels showed to have significant role in predicting difficult laryngoscopy.

Aims And Objectives: Primary objective was Ultrasonographic measurement of anterior neck soft tissue thickness at 3 levels -Distance from skin to hyoid bone (DSHB) -Distance from skin to thyrohyoid membrane (DSTM) -Distance from skin to anterior commissure of vocal cord(DSAC) and to compare and correlate the findings with Cooks modification of Cormack-Lehane score in predicting difficult laryngoscopy. Secondary objective was to compare and correlate the ultrasonographic measurements with conventional airway assessment methods.

Advancing Green Chemistry in Antiviral Therapeutics: A Comprehensive Review.

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a prevalent virus across the world that belongs to the family Herpesviridae but remains dormant in the body unless the immune system is compromised. In addition, when the bacterium is compromised without any health risks, the infection spreads from one person to another person through body fluids, such as saliva, blood, etc. Ganciclovir is an anti- viral medication used in treating viral infections, especially in the treatment of CMV in people with acquired immune deficiency syndrome and immunity at risk.

A Novel Beta-Defensin Isoform from Malabar Trevally, Carangoides malabaricus (Bloch & Schneider, 1801), an Arsenal Against Fish Bacterial Pathogens: Molecular Characterization, Recombinant Production, and Mechanism of Action.

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), including beta-defensin from fish, are a crucial class of peptide medicines. The focus of the current study is the molecular and functional attributes of CmDef, a 63-amino acid beta-defensin AMP from Malabar trevally, Carangoides malabaricus. This peptide demonstrated typical characteristics of AMPs, including hydrophobicity, amphipathic nature, and +2.

Estimation of Weighted Extropy with Focus on Its Use in Reliability Modeling.

In the literature, estimation of weighted extropy is infrequently considered. In this paper, some non-parametric estimators of weighted extropy are given. The validation and comparison of the estimators are implemented with the help of simulation study and data illustration.

Ease of endotracheal intubation with the conventional polyvinyl chloride endotracheal tube versus wire-reinforced flexometallic tube through the intubating laryngeal mask airway: A comparative study.

Unlabelled: Background The I-LMA ventilates while providing a port for blind insertion of an endotracheal tube. The ILMA Fastrach is used especially for intubating in a difficult airway scenario. Its accompanying endotracheal tube is not economical nor readily available.

Preoperative STOP-BANG questionnaire to predict difficult airway in undiagnosed obstructive sleep apnea patients undergoing elective gynecological surgeries under general endotracheal anesthesia: A prospective observational study.

Background: STOP-BANG questionnaire is an established tool for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) screening. Its utility in predicting difficult airway has not been evaluated. We intend to assess difficulty in airway management and associated perioperative complications in patients with undiagnosed OSA using the STOP-BANG questionnaire.

Antibacterial activity and modes of action of a novel hepcidin isoform from the shrimp scad, Alepes djedaba (Forsskål, 1775).

Hepcidin, initially identified in human blood ultrafiltrate as cysteine rich Liver Expressed Antimicrobial Peptide (LEAP-1), is a core molecular conduit between iron trafficking and immune response. Though a great share of studies has been focused on the iron regulatory function of hepcidins, investigations on the antimicrobial aspects are relatively less. The present study is aimed at identification of hepcidin from a teleost fish, Alepes djedaba followed by its recombinant expression, testing antibacterial property, stability and evaluation of cytotoxicity.

PEGylation of a shell over core-shell MOFs-a novel strategy for preventing agglomeration and synergism in terms of physicochemical and biological properties.

We demonstrate a new strategy of PEGylation over core-shell MOFs of HKUST-1 and Cu-MOF-2 by a solvothermal method. The novel synthesized PEGylated core-shell MOFs has synergistic enhancement in terms of physicochemical and biological properties. FTIR spectroscopy and XRD analysis described the bonding characteristics of the double-shelled-core MOFs PEG@HKUST-1@CuMOF-2 and PEG@CuMOF-2@HKUST-1.

A novel anti-lipopolysaccharide factor from blue swimmer crab Portunus pelagicus and its cytotoxic effect on the prokaryotic expression host, E. coli on heterologous expression.

Background: Invertebrates like crabs employ their own immune systems to fight against a number of invasive infections. Anti-lipopolysaccharide factors (ALFs) are an important class of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) exhibiting binding and neutralizing activities against lipopolysaccharides.

Results: This study identified and characterized a novel homolog of ALF (Pp-ALF) from the blue swimmer crab Portunus pelagicus.

Characterisation of a novel crustin isoform from mud crab, (Forsskål, 1775) and its functional analysis in silico.

A 336-base pair (bp) sized mRNA sequence encoding 111 amino acid size crustin isoform (MC-crustin) was obtained from the gill sample of the green mud crab, . MC-crustin possessed an N-terminal signal peptide region comprising of 21 amino acid residues, followed by a 90 amino acid mature peptide region having a molecular weight of 10.164 kDa, charge + 4.

Non-uniformity in in vitro drug-induced cytotoxicity as evidenced by differences in IC values - implications and way forward.

Cell lines have proven indispensable for in vitro experiments and their utility as experimental models range from understanding the fundamental cell functioning to drug discovery. One of the most common utility of cell lines is for in vitro drug testing. Drug testing involves determining the cytotoxic effects of the drugs and such a measurement is expressed as the IC values of drugs.

Functional characterization of a histone H2A derived antimicrobial peptide HARRIOTTIN-1 from sicklefin chimaera, Neoharriotta pinnata.

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are gene encoded short peptides which play an important role in the innate immunity of almost all living organisms ranging from bacteria to mammals. Histones play a very important role in defense as precursors to bioactive peptides. The present study is an attempt to decipher the antimicrobial activity of a histone H2A derived peptide, Harriottin-1 from sicklefin chimaera, Neoharriotta pinnata.

Effect of caudally administered clonidine on sevoflurane induced emergence agitation-A randomized trial.

Background And Aims: Emergence agitation (EA) is an unpleasant problem encountered in children following anesthesia with Sevoflurane. We studied the effectiveness of caudal epidural block (CEB) with ropivacaine 0.2% and clonidine two microgram per kilogram (mcg/kg) on the incidence of EA, with respiratory depression and hemodynamic variables as secondary end points.

The Profile of Epilepsy and its characteristics in Children with Cerebral Palsy.

Purpose: To determine the characteristics of epilepsy in children with Cerebral Palsy (CP) visiting the Pediatric Outpatient Department (OPD) of a tertiary care hospital.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out at a tertiary care pediatric hospital. All children with CP aged between 1 and 12 years seen at this hospital during an 18 months period (January 2018 to July 2019) were included.

Application of green synthesised copper iodide particles on cotton fabric-protective face mask material against COVID-19 pandemic.

Microorganisms cause variety of diseases that constitutes a severe threat to mankind. Due to the upsurge of many infectious diseases, there is a high requirement and demand for the development of safety products finished with antimicrobial properties. The study involves the antimicrobial activity of natural cotton coated with copper iodide capped with L.

A hepatic antimicrobial peptide, hepcidin from Indian major carp, Catla catla: molecular identification and functional characterization.

Background: Increase of antibiotic resistance in pathogenic microbes necessitated novel molecules for curing infection. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are the gene-encoded evolutionarily conserved small molecules with therapeutic value. AMPs are considered as an alternative drug for conventional antibiotics.

Automated Cardioailment Identification and Prevention by Hybrid Machine Learning Models.

Accurate prediction of cardiovascular disease is necessary and considered to be a difficult attempt to treat a patient effectively before a heart attack occurs. According to recent studies, heart disease is said to be one of the leading origins of death worldwide. Early identification of CHD can assist to reduce death rates.

Approaches for Head and Neck Cancer Research - Current Status and the Way Forward.

Head and neck cancers (HNCs) are seeing an increasing trend in their prevalence among both genders and are the seventh most common cancer type occurring at the global level. Studies addressing both the cancer cell physiology and individual differences in response to a specific treatment modality should be understood for arriving at effective treatment and management of the HNCs. In this article, we discuss the trends in HNC research and their various approaches starting from 2D in vitro models, which are the traditional experimental materials to recently established Cancer-Tissue Originated Spheroids (CTOS) distinctly contributing towards personalized or precision medicine.

Effect of shape and anthocyanin capping on antibacterial activity of CuI particles.

The recent upsurge of antibiotic-resistant infections has posed to be a serious health concern worldwide. In the present paper, the effect of shape & capping agent on the antibacterial activity (on Skin and Urinary Tract Infection (UTI) causing bacteria) of copper iodide (CuI) particles was probed. CuI synthesized without a capping agent was leaf-like, and that with one was prismatic in shape.

β-Defensin from the Asian Sea Bass, Lates calcarifer: Molecular Prediction and Phylogenetic Analysis.

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are an important element of the innate immune system of all living organisms and serve as a barrier that safeguards the organisms against a wide range of pathogens. Fishes are proven to be a prospective source of AMPs, and β-defensins form an important family of AMPs with potent antimicrobial, chemotactic and immunomodulatory activities. The present study reports a β-defensin AMP sequence (Lc-BD) from the Asian sea bass, Lates calcarifer, a commercially important fish species in tropical and subtropical regions of Asia and the Pacific.

Molecular characterization of a novel β-defensin isoform from the red-toothed trigger fish, Odonus niger (Ruppel, 1836).

Background: The concern regarding a post-antibiotic era with increasing drug resistance by pathogens imposes the need to discover alternatives for existing antibiotics. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) with their versatile therapeutic properties are a group of promising molecules with curative potentials. These evolutionarily conserved molecules play important roles in the innate immune system of several organisms.

Molecular and Functional Characterization of an Anti-lipopolysaccharide Factor Mm-ALF from Speckled Shrimp Metapenaeus monoceros.

Anti-lipopolysaccharide factors (ALFs) are antimicrobial peptides of approximately 100 amino acid residues with a broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity. It is an amphipathic peptide with an N-terminal hydrophobic region and a lipopolysaccharide binding domain (LBD). In the present study, we report an isoform of the anti-lipopolysaccharide factor (Mm-ALF) from the speckled shrimp, Metapenaeus monoceros.