The association between fitness and obesity in diverse multi-ethnic college students.

We examined differences and associations between physical fitness and behavioral factors with obesity in a multi-ethnic student population. Study population included non-Hispanic whites (NHW,  = 1,454); Hispanics ( = 1,436) and Asians ( = 1,016) at a metropolitan university from Fall 2006 to Fall 2013. Analyses of Variance and regression analyses, utilizing cross-sectional data, measured the association between fitness, and behavior with obesity.

Dietary intakes, obesity and health behaviors in Native Hawaiians residing in Southern California.

Objectives: Accessing dietary intakes, body mass index (BMI) and health behaviors in Native Hawaiians residing in Southern California.

Design: Cross-sectional, community based participatory research.

Participants: Native Hawaiian (N = 55); Mean age 59 (± 15).

Diet, psychosocial factors related to diet and exercise, and cardiometabolic conditions in Southern Californian Native Hawaiians.

Objective: Native Hawaiians are at higher risk for cardiometabolic disease, including diabetes and cardiovascular disease compared with other ethnic groups. Diet, body mass index (BMI) and psychosocial, as well as cultural issues may influence risk for cardiometabolic disease. Our team conducted a community-based participatory research study and examined diet, height/weight, psychosocial factors, and community health concerns in Native Hawaiians living in Southern California.

Dietary fat, fiber, vegetable, and micronutrients are associated with overall survival in postmenopausal women diagnosed with breast cancer.

Relatively few studies have assessed the relationship between dietary intakes and survival after breast cancer diagnosis. We investigated the influence of diet, including dietary fat (percentage energy), fiber, vegetable, and fruit intakes, and micronutrients (folate, carotenoids, and vitamin C) on overall survival in women diagnosed with breast cancer. Subjects were postmenopausal women diagnosed with breast cancer (N = 516) between 1994 and 1995 with a mean survival time of 80 mo (SD: 18).

Responsiveness of homocysteine concentrations to food and supplemental folate intakes in smokers and never-smokers enrolled in a diet intervention trial.

We investigated circulating homocysteine concentrations in relation to smoking, folate intake (from food and supplements), serum folate concentrations, and other dietary variables. The present study is part of a parent trial assessing the effects of increasing vegetable, fruit, and fiber intakes and reducing the percentage of energy obtained from fat on breast cancer recurrence in 3,088 women previously diagnosed with breast cancer. Of the 121 smokers enrolled in the parent trial, 85 were available at baseline for the present study and were randomly matched to 85 never-smokers on baseline folate intake, age, and intervention status.

Redox regulation by intrinsic species and extrinsic nutrients in normal and cancer cells.

Cells in multicellular organisms are exposed to both endogenous oxidative stresses generated metabolically and to oxidative stresses that originate from neighboring cells and from other tissues. To protect themselves from oxidative stress, cells are equipped with reducing buffer systems (glutathione/GSH and thioredoxin/thioredoxin reductase) and have developed several enzymatic mechanisms against oxidants that include catalase, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione peroxidase. Other major extrinsic defenses (from the diet) include ascorbic acid, beta-carotene and other carotenoids, and selenium.