Venous thromboembolism chemical prophylaxis after skull base surgery.

Purpose: There is no guidance surrounding postoperative venous thromboembolism (VTE) prophylaxis using pharmacological agents (chemoprophylaxis) in patients undergoing skull base surgery. The aim of this study was to compare VTE and intracranial haematoma rates after skull base surgery in patients treated with/without chemoprophylaxis.

Methods: Review of prospective quaternary centre database including adults undergoing first-time skull base surgery (2009-2020).

Whey protein improves the stability of C-phycocyanin in acidified conditions during light storage.

C-phycocyanin is a bright blue natural colorant used in food and beverage applications. However, its color stability is poor in acidic conditions under exposure to light. In this work, we study the use of whey protein isolate (WPI) to protect C-phycocyanin from color degradation.

Investigation of the Interaction between -Acetyl-l-Cysteine and Ovalbumin by Spectroscopic Studies, Molecular Docking Simulation, and Real-Time Quartz Crystal Microbalance with Dissipation.

This study investigated the interaction between -acetyl-l-cysteine (NAC) and ovalbumin (OVA) using multispectroscopic technology, molecular docking, and quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation (QCM-D). Fluorescence intensity and UV absorption of OVA were decreased substantially upon the addition of NAC. The calculated values were obtained at 298, 304, and 310 K for 13.

Engineering fast dissolving sodium acetate mediated crystalline solid dispersion of docetaxel.

It is hypothesized that a novel crystalline solid dispersion (CSD) of docetaxel (C-DXT) can be engineered by dispersing native docetaxel (DXT, a BCS class II drug) in sodium acetate crystal (SA). DXT is dissolved in glacial acetic/SA solution and freeze-dried. The resulting C-DXT is characterized by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), powder X-ray analysis (PXRD), LC-MS/MS, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring (QCM-D) and dynamic light scattering (DLS).

Adsorption of polypropylene oxide-polyethylene oxide type surfactants at surfaces of pharmaceutical relevant materials: effect of surface energetics and surfactant structures.

Protein therapeutics are exposed to various surfaces during product development, where their adsorption possibly causes unfolding, denaturation, and aggregation. In this paper, we aim to characterize four types of typical surfaces used in the development of biologics: polycarbonate, polyethersulfone, borosilicate glass, and cellulose. Contact angles of these surfaces were measured using three probing liquids: water, formamide, and diidomethane, from which acid/base (AB) and Lifshitz-van der Waals (LW) interaction components were derived.

Hypernatremia in the Neonate: Neonatal Hypernatremia and Hypernatremic Dehydration in Neonates Receiving Exclusive Breastfeeding.

Aims And Objectives: Evaluation of neonatal hypernatremia and hypernatremic dehydration in neonates receiving exclusive breastfeeding.

Introduction: Neonatal hypernatremia is a serious condition in the newborn period. We present infants with hypernatremic dehydration due to breast milk (BM) hypernatremia.

Particle Characterization for a Protein Drug Product Stored in Pre-Filled Syringes Using Micro-Flow Imaging, Archimedes, and Quartz Crystal Microbalance with Dissipation.

Micro-flow imaging (MFI) has been used for formulation development for analyzing sub-visible particles. Archimedes, a novel technique for analyzing sub-micron particles, has been considered as an orthogonal method to currently existing techniques. This study utilized these two techniques to investigate the effectiveness of polysorbate (PS-80) in mitigating the particle formation of a therapeutic protein formulation stored in silicone oil-coated pre-filled syringes.

Mechanistic understanding of protein-silicone oil interactions.

Purpose: To investigate interactions between protein and silicone oil so that we can provide some mechanistic understanding of protein aggregation in silicone oil lubricated syringes and its prevention by formulation additives such as Polysorbate 80 and Poloxamer 188.

Methods: Interfacial tension values of silicone oil/water interface of abatacept solutions with and without formulation additives were obtained under equilibrium conditions using Attension Theta optical tensiometer. Their adsorption and desorption profiles were measured using Quartz Crystal Microbalancing with Dissipation monitoring (QCM-D).

Mechanism of the cooperative adsorption of oppositely charged nanoparticles.

Quartz crystal microbalance experiments were performed to study the kinetics of surface adsorption from solutions containing oppositely charged nanoparticles. A theoretical model was developed according to which formation of dense nanoparticle (NP) monolayers is driven by a cooperative process, in which the already-adsorbed NPs facilitate adsorption of NPs from solution. The kinetic rate constants change with the NP solution concentration and can be used to backtrack adsorption free energies.

Unimolecular rectification of monolayers of CH3C(O)S-C14H28Q(+)-3CNQ(-) and CH3C(O)S-C16H32Q(+)-3CNQ(-) organized by self-assembly, Langmuir-Blodgett, and Langmuir-Schaefer techniques.

The advantage of "self-assembly" (strong covalent binding to substrates) was combined with the advantage of Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) or Langmuir-Schaefer (LS) transfer to a solid substrate (quantitative transfer of monolayers to the substrate). The electrical rectification (asymmetric conduction) by a monolayer of thioacetylalkylquinolinium tricyanoquinodimethanide was critically compared when these molecules had been transferred, by such competing techniques, onto gold electrodes, and then covered by a "cold gold" pad electrode. Unimolecular rectification was observed in the expected directions in the LB and LS monolayers.

Current rectification in a Langmuir-Schaefer monolayer of fullerene-bis-[4-diphenylamino-4' '-(n-ethyl-n-2' ''-ethyl)amino-1,4-diphenyl-1,3-butadiene] malonate between Au electrodes.

Langmuir-Schaefer (LS) monolayer films of fullerene-bis-[4-diphenylamino-4' '-(N-ethyl-N-2' ''-ethyl)amino-1,4-diphenyl-1,3-butadiene] malonate, 1, sandwiched between two Au electrodes, exhibit pronounced current asymmetries (rectification) between positive and negative bias at room temperature, with no decay of the rectification after several cycles. The device shows symmetrical through-space tunneling for a bias up to +/-3 V, and asymmetrical, unimolecular, "U" type rectifier behavior in the voltage range from +/-3.0 to +/-5.

Spectroscopy and rectification of three donor-sigma-acceptor compounds, consisting of a one-electron donor (pyrene or ferrocene), a one-electron acceptor (perylenebisimide), and a C19 swallowtail.

We report spectroscopic characterization and unimolecular rectification (asymmetric electrical conduction) measurements of three donor-sigma-acceptor (D-sigma-A) compounds N-(10-nonadecyl)-N-(1-pyrenylmethyl)perylene-3,4,9,10-bis(dicarboximide) (1), N-(10-nonadecyl)-N-(4-[1-pyrenyl]butyl)perylene-3,4,9,10-bis(dicarboximide) (2), and N-(10-nonadecyl)-N-(2-ferrocenylethyl)perylene-3,4,9,10-bis(dicarboximide) (3). These molecules were arranged as one-molecule thick Langmuir-Blodgett monolayers between Au electrodes. In such an "Au | D-sigma-A | Au" sandwich, molecule 1 is a unimolecular rectifier, with rather small rectification ratios (between 2 and 3 at +/-1 V) that decrease upon cycling.

Coupled surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy and electrical conductivity measurements of 1,4-phenylene diisocyanide in molecular electronic junctions.

Probing the structure of molecules in a metal-molecule-metal junction under an applied voltage is critical for understanding molecular electron transport properties. We present an approach that allows recording surface-enhanced Raman spectra simultaneously with electrical measurements of a monolayer of molecules in molecular electronic junctions. 1,4-Phenylene diisocyanide in two different types of junctions was used to illustrate the approach.