Jugular Paraganglioma Presenting with a Tumor Thrombus Extending from Posterior Fossa to Right Atrium and Multiple Skeletal Metastases.

Introduction: Paragangliomas are tumors of neuroendocrine origin, may appear in different localizations, and are related to the autonomic nervous system. Paragangliomas are generally asymptomatic and may rarely appear with adrenergic symptoms, and clinical findings depend on the catecholamines they secrete. Extra-adrenal paragangliomas are mostly benign, like all paragangliomas.

Clinical and Mycological Features of Fungal Keratitis: A Retrospective Single-Center Study (2012-2018).

Objectives: To present the demographic, etiological, clinical, and mycological characteristics and treatment results of fungal keratitis patients admitted to our clinic.

Materials And Methods: The medical records of patients diagnosed with fungal keratitis between October 2012 and 2018 were reviewed. The diagnosis of fungal keratitis was confirmed mycologically and/or cytologically.

Histopathological effects of topical coenzyme q 10 + Vit E TPGS in experimental ischemic optic neuropathy.

We aimed to create a mechanical optic nerve damage model in rats and to investigate the neuroprotective effects of topical Coenzyme Q10 + Vitamin E TPGS (CoQ10+Vit E) molecule on retinal ganglion cells. In our study, 30 eyes of 20 male Wistar rats were used. Three groups, each consisting of 10 eyes, were formed as control, experimental, and treatment groups.

Prognostic and predictive value of EZH2 expression and the tumor immune microenvironment in Merkel cell carcinoma.

Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is a rare and lethal type of skin cancer characterized by frequent recurrences and metastases. In view of the lack of a proven treatment option for MCC, we immunochemically evaluated the presence of Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCPyV), PD-1, PD-L1, CD8, and EZH2 on slides prepared from tumor tissues of 13 patients with MCC, and examined their association with disease progression and overall survival. PD-1 was expressed on tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) in 92.

Symptomatic bilateral choroid plexus xanthogranuloma in a pediatric patient.

Introduction: Central nervous system xanthogranulomas are uncommon clinical entities, and symptomatic bilateral choroid plexus xanthogranulomas are rare.

Case Presentation: We present the case of a 15-year-old male patient with bilateral choroid plexus xanthogranulomas with symptoms of increased intracranial pressure. Gross total resection of the tumor in the left lateral ventricle was performed.

Clinical aspects and prognosis of polymicrobial keratitis caused by different microbial combinations: a retrospective comparative case study.

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to compare the predisposing factors, clinical findings, treatment results, and prognosis for polymicrobial keratitis.

Methods: In this retrospective comparative case study, we identified the cases of polymicrobial keratitis from the microbiological records (n = 649) at Balcalı Hospital, Çukurova University (Adana, Turkey; October 2010-2018). We included all the cases of infectious keratitis with two different types of microbial agents and grouped them as follows: group 1 (n = 25), bacterium-fungus coexistence; group 2 (n = 12), herpes simplex virus (HSV) or Acanthamoeba with bacterial infection; and group 3 (n = 7), HSV or Acanthamoeba with fungal infection.

Extensive Extraneural Metastases of Cerebral Glioblastoma in a Pediatric Patient: An Extreme Case Report and Comprehensive Review of the Literature.

Introduction: Extraneural metastases of glioblastoma are very rare clinical entities, especially in pediatric patients. Because of their rarity, they can be confused with other pathological processes.

Case Presentation: We report a case of 16-year-old boy with extensive extraneural metastases of glioblastoma.

Clinical Relevance and Immunohistochemical Patterns of Silent Pituitary Adenomas: 10 Years of Single-centre Experience.

Background: Silent pituitary adenomas are clinically non-functional (i.e., without clinically evident pituitary hormone production).

Primary melanoma of the urinary tract; Clinicopathologic and molecular review of a case series.

Primary melanoma of the urinary tract is a very rare and aggressive cancer. It accounts for less than 1% of all the melanoma cases, making it difficult to histopathologically diagnose and manage. We present a retrospective case series of eight primary urinary tract melanoma with clinical, pathological, and molecular findings to add more insight to this challenging disease.

Psoriasis, a rare disease of the nipple-areola A case report.

Background: Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease with an incidence of 1-3%. Psoriasis usually occurs in the scalp, knee, elbow, sacral region and joints. The nipple-areola complex involvement is rarely encountered in the literature.

Pilomatrix carcinoma of the lacrimal caruncle: a case report.

A 45-year-old man presented with a 3-month history of a mass located in the caruncle of his right eye. An incisional biopsy had been performed one month prior by another specialist, and the histopathology report showed basal cell carcinoma. The mass was completely excised with a 2 mm safety margin, and the large conjunctival defect was reconstructed with one sheet of amniotic membrane allograft.

Atypical herpes simplex keratitis: frequency, clinical presentations and treatment results.

Aims: To determine herpes simplex virus (HSV) DNA positivity in corneal scraping samples obtained from patients with microbial keratitis whose findings were not specific for HSV keratitis and to evaluate these particular cases with respect to clinical features and antiviral treatment results.

Methods: Records of patients with microbial keratitis treated in a tertiary eye care hospital within the 3-year period were evaluated retrospectively. Real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to identify HSV DNA.

Perforator artery response to tissue expansion: An experimental study in rabbits.

Background: The reconstruction of defects is a major area of interest in plastic surgery. Tissues are expanded to extend the tissue surface area and to prepare more reliable perforator flaps.

Objectives: Because expanded perforator flaps have become more popular, the aim of this study is to determine the response of the perforator artery to tissue expansion.

Diagnostic values of KOH examination, histological examination, and culture for onychomycosis: a latent class analysis.

Background: In the absence of a real gold standard, comparative studies are still done on diagnostic methods for onychomycosis. There are only a few attempts using latent class analysis to determine the value of polymerase chain reaction in comparison to conventional methods. We aimed to determine the value of histological examination in such a way for the diagnosis of onychomycosis.

Evaluation of the Intravesical Ureters after Failed Endoscopic Treatment of Vesicoureteral Reflux with Dextranomer/hyaluronic Acid in Children via Light and Transmission Electron Microscopic Analysis. A Matched Case-Control Study.

Introduction: The cytokine profile and the ultrastructural changes of refluxing ureterovesical junctions(UVJs) of children treated with failed dextranomer/hyaluronic-acid (Dx/HA) injections were investigated using immunohis-tochemical methods and transmission electron microscopy(TEM).

Patients And Methods: Eighteen children who had undergone injection for reflux were included the study. The smooth muscle arrangement of the ureteral wall, transforming growth factor-? (TGF-?1),vascular-endotheli-al-growth factor (VEGF) and CD34 were evaluated immunohistochemically, and the results were compared with 10 age-matched autopsy specimens as controls.

Prevalence of cytogenetic abnormalities in chronic lymphocytic leukemia in the southern part of Turkey.

Background: Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is the most common type of leukemia among adults in Western populations. CLL has a wide range of clinical presentations and varied outcomes. For CLL, cytogenetic assessment is essential for estimating prognoses and determining the treatment of choice.

Beneficial effects of rolipram, a phosphodiesterase 4 specific inhibitor, on testicular torsion-detorsion injury in rats.

Introduction: The aim of the study is to investigate the effect of Rolipram, a selective phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitor, on testicular torsion - detorsion injury.

Methods: Sixty young male rats were divided into five groups. In each group, the right testes of six rats were removed four hours after detorsion for biochemical analysis, and the right testes of the remaining six rats were removed 24 h after detorsion for pathological analysis.

PD-1 and PD-L1 expression in thymic epithelial tumours and non-neoplastic thymus.

Aims: We explored the relationships between programmed death-1 (PD-1) and programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression and the pathological and clinical features of thymic epithelial tumours and thymic hyperplasia.

Methods: We evaluated PD-1 and PDL-1 expressions within epithelial and microenvironmental components in thymic epithelial tumours (n=44) and thymic hyperplasias (n=8), immunohistochemically. We compared the results with demographic, clinical and histopathological features of the cases.

Assessing the effects of melatonin and N-acetylcysteine on the McFarlane flap using a rat model.

Objective: To determine the effects of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) and melatonin, alone and in combination, on McFarlane flap viability in a rat model.

Methods: Forty Wistar rats were divided into four groups and received daily intraperitoneal injections for one week before surgery: control (sham [n=10]); melatonin (n=10); NAC (n=10); and NAC+melatonin (n=10). One week after surgery, the experiment was terminated and photographs were taken for topographic studies.

Micro-RNA (miRNA) profile in Hodgkin lymphoma: association between clinical and pathological variables.

miRNAs are small RNAs and control the expression of protein-encoding genes. The aim of this study was to determine the association between miRNA profile and clinical variables including age, stage, B symptom, histopathologic subtype, response to treatment, disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) in classical Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL). A total of 377 miRNAs were studied by qPCR in 32 cases with cHL, and results were compared with 60 samples taken from cases with reactive lymphadenopathy.

Erythema elevatum diutinum coexisting with ankylosing spondylitis.

A 43-year-old woman presented to our hospital with the complaint of a reddish-purple rash on the extensor sides of her forearms. She had been diagnosed with ankylosing spondylitis 7 years ago. On physical examination, reddish-purple nodules were detected on the pretibial areas of both legs and extensor sides of both hands and forearms.

A unique case of merkel cell carcinoma with ovarian metastasis.

Background: Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is a rare cutaneous/mucosal malignancy with very aggressive biology and increasing incidence. Ovarian metastasis is an exceptionally rare site for MCC, and only two cases have been reported in the literature.

Case Report: We report MCC with ovarian metastasis.

Rotator cuff metastases: a report of two cases with literature review.

Context: Distant metastases of primary malignancies to the skeletal muscle tissue are a very rare event. Distant metastases that affect the rotator cuff are even rarer, and only a few of cases have been reported so far.

Case Report: The present article reports two cases that presented to our hospital with the complaint of shoulder pain and had a soft tissue mass affecting the muscles of the rotator cuff and invading the neighboring bone compartments.

A retrospective multicenter evaluation of cutaneous melanomas in Turkey.

Background: We defined melanoma distribution in a large series of Turkish patients and evaluated the prognostic parameters of melanomas.

Materials And Methods: A total of 1574 patients' data was retrospectively collected at 18 centers in Turkey. Demographic characteristics were questioned and noted.

Aspergillus terreus infection in a sutureless self-sealing incision made during cataract surgery.

Here, we describe a case of keratitis caused by Aspergillus terreus in an 80-year-old immunocompetent woman 1 month after uneventful cataract surgery. The patient presented with decreased visual acuity (20/50) and severe pain in her right eye. Examination revealed a 3.