Comparative study of effect of different lever arm positions and lengths on transverse and vertical bowing in lingual orthodontics - An FEM study.

Objective: To assess the influence of changing the size and position of lever arm on transverse and vertical bowing effects during retraction in lingual biomechanics.

Methods: A three dimensional 3D finite element method was used to simulate en masse anterior teeth retraction using lingual appliance with sliding mechanics. Two groups were made, 1st group had lever arm mesial to canine while 2nd group had distal to canine.