Publications by authors named "Aravind Lathika Rajendrakumar"
Background: Brain glucose hypometabolism has consistently been found in neurodegenerative disorders, including Alzheimer's disease (AD). High blood glucose and HDL cholesterol (HDL-C) levels have also been linked to neurodegeneration and AD. However, there is limited understanding of the relationships between dementia-related risk factors in the brain and blood.
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- - The study explores how infections interact with genetic risk factors for Alzheimer's disease (AD), specifically looking at their effects on brain glucose metabolism, which is often impaired in AD.
- - Data from 1,509 participants in the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) was analyzed, revealing that prior infections are linked to increased hypometabolic indicators in the brain, especially among genetic carriers of AD.
- - The results suggest a "multi-hit" mechanism where both infections and genetic factors contribute significantly to brain metabolism issues and the development of Alzheimer's pathology, indicating the importance of understanding these interactions.
Article Synopsis
- Emerging research links a specific gene, nectin cell adhesion molecule 2 (rs6859), to both vulnerability to infections and increased risk of developing Alzheimer's disease (AD).
- The study analyzed data from 708 participants using causal mediation analysis, focusing on how rs6859 influences AD risk through levels of pTau-181, a protein associated with neurodegeneration.
- Results indicated that higher doses of the rs6859 A allele contributed to increased pTau-181 levels, predicting a greater probability of AD, particularly in individuals with two copies of the risk allele, suggesting a significant mediation effect in the overall association.
Introduction: Emerging evidence suggests a connection between vulnerability to infections and Alzheimer's disease (AD). The nectin cell adhesion molecule 2 gene coding for a membrane component of adherens junctions is involved in response to infection, and its single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs6859 was significantly associated with AD risk in several human cohorts. It is unclear, however, how exactly rs6859 influences the development of AD pathology.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Functional decline associated with dementia, including in Alzheimer's disease (AD), is not uniform across individuals, and respective heterogeneity is not yet fully explained. Such heterogeneity may in part be related to genetic variability among individuals. In this study, we investigated whether the SNP rs6859 in nectin cell adhesion molecule 2 (NECTIN2) gene (a major risk factor for AD) influences trajectories of cognitive decline in older participants from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI).
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- Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a severe eye complication linked to diabetes, driven by systemic inflammation and oxidative stress; the neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) serves as a potential indicator of immune activity and may predict DR incidence.
- A study analyzed data from over 23,000 individuals with type 2 diabetes to assess the impact of NLR on developing DR, using advanced statistical models to account for factors like mortality.
- The findings revealed that a higher NLR (optimal cut-off at 3.04) correlated with increased risk of DR, with 35.8% of subjects developing the condition over 10 years, indicating NLR's significance as a prognostic biomarker in diabetes-related eye health
Unlabelled: Headache is one of the commonest complaints that doctors need to address in clinical settings. The genetic mechanisms of different types of headache are not well understood while it has been suggested that self-reported headache and self-reported migraine were genetically correlated. In this study, we performed a meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies (GWAS) on the self-reported headache phenotype from the UK Biobank and the self-reported migraine phenotype from the 23andMe using the Unified Score-based Association Test (metaUSAT) software for genetically correlated phenotypes ( = 397,385).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFType 2 diabetes (T2D) is a complex chronic disease characterized by considerable phenotypic heterogeneity. In this study, we applied a reverse graph embedding method to routinely collected data from 23,137 Scottish patients with newly diagnosed diabetes to visualize this heterogeneity and used partitioned diabetes polygenic risk scores to gain insight into the underlying biological processes. Overlaying risk of progression to outcomes of insulin requirement, chronic kidney disease, referable diabetic retinopathy and major adverse cardiovascular events, we show how these risks differ by patient phenotype.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: India was one of the countries to institute strict measures for Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) control in the early phase. Since, then, the epidemic growth trajectory was slow before registering an explosion of cases due to local cluster transmissions.
Methods: We estimated the growth rate and doubling time of SARS-CoV-2 for India and high burden states using crowdsourced time series data.