Multiphoton Dissociative Ionization of Gas-Phase Styrene.

We performed multiphoton ionization of styrene molecules and observed the formation of styrene and benzene cations, the latter being reported for the first time in the multiphoton ionization of styrene. The formation of the benzene cation reveals an internal conversion from the S state to the S state, which occurs via a S/S conical intersection at 4.66 eV above the minimum of the S state.

A 22-pole radiofrequency ion trap setup for laboratory astrophysical studies.

The formation of large interstellar molecules starting from small reactants constitutes the bottom-up approach in astrochemistry. An experimental setup wherein the ionic reactant is prepared and allowed to react with neutral reactants within a confined interaction space is most desirable for this approach. Here, we present our efforts in constructing a 22-pole radio-frequency ion trap experimental setup that could act as a reaction chamber for the neutral reactant and trapped ions.

Molecular growth of PANH via intermolecular Coulombic decay.

Nitrogen-bearing polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PANHs) are ubiquitous in space. They are considered precursors to advanced biomolecules identified in meteorites. However, their chemical evolution into biomolecules in photodestructive astrophysical mediums remains a paradox.

A first report on the spatial and temporal variability of microplastics in coastal soils of an urban town in south-western India: Pre- and post-COVID scenario.

We present a first study on the temporal changes (2019-2021) in the microplastic abundance in the coastal soils of an urban town in the south-western part of India. All sampling stations exhibited higher abundances of microplastics in soils collected during 2021 (959.7 ± 277.

Conditions and strategies influencing sustainability of a community-based exercise program incorporating a healthcare-community partnership for people with balance and mobility limitations in Canada: A collective case study of the Together in Movement and Exercise (TIME™) program.

Background: Community-based exercise programs delivered through healthcare-community partnerships (CBEP-HCPs) are beneficial to individuals with balance and mobility limitations. For the community to benefit, however, these programs must be sustained over time.

Purpose: To identify conditions influencing the sustainability of CBEP-HCPs for people with balance and mobility limitations and strategies used to promote sustainability based on experiences of program providers, exercise participants, and caregivers.

Ambient-light-induced intermolecular Coulombic decay in unbound pyridine monomers.

Intermolecular Coulombic decay (ICD) is a process whereby photoexcited molecules relax by ionizing their neighbouring molecules. ICD is efficient when intermolecular interactions are active and consequently it is observed only in weakly bound systems, such as clusters and hydrogen-bonded systems. Here we report an efficient ICD between unbound molecules excited at ambient-light intensities.

The Stroke Recovery in Motion Implementation Planner: Mixed Methods User Evaluation.

Background: As more people are surviving stroke, there is a growing need for services and programs that support the long-term needs of people living with the effects of stroke. Exercise has many benefits; however, most people with stroke do not have access to specialized exercise programs that meet their needs in their communities. To catalyze the implementation of these programs, our team developed the Stroke Recovery in Motion Implementation Planner, an evidence-informed implementation guide for teams planning a community-based exercise program for people with stroke.

How Community-Based Teams Use the Stroke Recovery in Motion Implementation Planner: Longitudinal Qualitative Field Test Study.

Background: The Stroke Recovery in Motion Implementation Planner guides teams through the process of planning for the implementation of community-based exercise programs for people with stroke, in alignment with implementation science frameworks.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to conduct a field test with end users to describe how teams used the Planner in real-world conditions; describe the effects of Planner use on participants' implementation-planning knowledge, attitudes, and activities; and identify factors influencing the use of the Planner.

Methods: This field test study used a longitudinal qualitative design.

Telemedicine practice guidelines in India: Global implications in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Telemedicine is the delivery of healthcare services from a distance, by use of information and communication technology. There have been no statutory regulations or official guidelines in India specific for telemedicine practice and allied matters so far. For the first time, the government of India released telemedicine practice guidelines for Registered Medical Practitioners on March 25, 2020, amid the COVID-19 outbreak.

Community-based exercise programs incorporating healthcare-community partnerships to improve function post-stroke: feasibility of a 2-group randomized controlled trial.

Background: Despite the potential for community-based exercise programs supported through healthcare-community partnerships (CBEP-HCPs) to improve function post-stroke, insufficient trial evidence limits widespread program implementation and funding. We evaluated the feasibility and acceptability of a CBEP-HCP compared to a waitlist control group to improve everyday function among people post-stroke.

Methods: We conducted a 3-site, pilot randomized trial with blinded follow-up evaluations at 3, 6, and 10 months.

Distance-limited walk tests post-stroke: A systematic review of measurement properties.

Background: Improving walking capacity is a key objective of post-stroke rehabilitation. Evidence describing the quality and protocols of standardized tools for assessing walking capacity can facilitate their implementation.

Objective: To synthesize existing literature describing test protocols and measurement properties of distance-limited walk tests in people post-stroke.

Healthy young adults implement distinctive avoidance strategies while walking and circumventing virtual human vs. non-human obstacles in a virtual environment.

This study examines how three types of obstacles (cylinder, virtual human and virtual human with footstep sounds) affect circumvention strategies of healthy young adults. Sixteen participants aged 25.2 ± 2.

Dual tasking negatively impacts obstacle avoidance abilities in post-stroke individuals with visuospatial neglect: Task complexity matters!

Background: Persons with perceptual-attentional deficits due to visuospatial neglect (VSN) after a stroke are at a risk of collisions while walking in the presence of moving obstacles. The attentional burden of performing a dual-task may further compromise their obstacle avoidance performance, putting them at a greater risk of collisions.

Objective: The objective of this study was to compare the ability of persons with (VSN+) and without VSN (VSN-) to dual task while negotiating moving obstacles.

Effect of visuospatial neglect on spatial navigation and heading after stroke.

Background: Visuospatial neglect (VSN) impairs the control of locomotor heading in post-stroke individuals, which may affect their ability to safely avoid moving objects while walking.

Objective: We aimed to compare VSN+ and VSN- stroke individuals in terms of changes in heading and head orientation in space while avoiding obstacles approaching from different directions and reorienting toward the final target.

Methods: Stroke participants with VSN (VSN+) and without VSN (VSN-) walked in a virtual environment avoiding obstacles that approached contralesionally, head-on or ipsilesionally.

Transforaminal sacral approach for spinal anesthesia in orthopedic surgery: A novel approach.

Regional anesthesia is preferred world-wide for its distinct advantages. The benefits of regional anesthesia in patients with comorbid conditions are well-established. The administration of regional anesthesia can sometimes pose a challenge to the anesthesiologist due to the structural abnormalities of the spine.

Virtual reality-based navigation task to reveal obstacle avoidance performance in individuals with visuospatial neglect.

Persons with post-stroke visuospatial neglect (VSN) often collide with moving obstacles while walking. It is not well understood whether the collisions occur as a result of attentional-perceptual deficits caused by VSN or due to post-stroke locomotor deficits. We assessed individuals with VSN on a seated, joystick-driven obstacle avoidance task, thus eliminating the influence of locomotion.

Perceptual and locomotor factors affect obstacle avoidance in persons with visuospatial neglect.

Background: For safe ambulation in the community, detection and avoidance of static and moving obstacles is necessary. Such abilities may be compromised by the presence of visuospatial neglect (VSN), especially when the obstacles are present in the neglected, i.e.

CVID patients with autoimmunity have elevated T cell expression of granzyme B and HLA-DR and reduced levels of Treg cells.

Aims: Common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) is a primary antibody immunodeficiency with approximately 20% of patients reporting additional autoimmune symptoms. The primary aim of this study was to compare the levels of activated and regulatory T cells (Treg cells) in CVID patients in an attempt to clarify their possible interactions leading to the generation of autoimmunity.

Methods: Immunophenotyping of T cells was performed by flow cytometry using a whole blood approach.

Photodissociation pathways and lifetimes of protonated peptides and their dimers.

Photodissociation lifetimes and fragment channels of gas-phase, protonated YA(n) (n = 1,2) peptides and their dimers were measured with 266 nm photons. The protonated monomers were found to have a fast dissociation channel with an exponential lifetime of ~200 ns while the protonated dimers show an additional slow dissociation component with a lifetime of ~2 μs. Laser power dependence measurements enabled us to ascribe the fast channel in the monomer and the slow channel in the dimer to a one-photon process, whereas the fast dimer channel is from a two-photon process.

Sub-microsecond photodissociation pathways of gas phase adenosine 5'-monophosphate nucleotide ions.

The sub-microsecond dissociation pathways for the protonated and deprotonated forms of adenosine 5'-monophosphate were probed in the gas phase using a linear time of flight spectrometer. The studies show two dissociation pathways for the AMP ions indicating dominant ergodic pathways in the photodissociation of these species. The photofragmentation was determined to be a single photon process for the AMP ions.